Download Biology Exam Chapter 23

Biology Exam Chapter 23
Multiple Choice
1. The process by which cells in a developing embryo take on specialized forms
to become blood cells, nerve cells, muscle cells, etc., is ___.
a. transcription
b. replication
c. differentiation
d. mutation
2. A cell such as a gamete that has half the usual number of chromosomes is
said to have a ____ set.
a. diploid
b. haploid
c. biploid
d. polypoid
3. The specialized type of cell division that results in cells with half the normal
number of chromosomes (such as gametes) is ___.
a. mitosis
b. haplosis
c. kyphosis
d. meiosis
4. Hereditary traits that are carried only on the X chromosome are known as ___.
a. polygenic traits
b. pleiotropic traits
c. hybrid traits
d. sex-linked traits
5. Two different forms of the same gene are called _____.
a. zygotes
b. alleles
c. ribosomes
d. phenotypes
6. The man who is considered to be the father of genetics is ____.
a. Sutton
b. Mendel
c. Morgan
d. Watson
7. The man who’s work with fruit flies eventually earned him a Nobel prize is ___.
a. Sutton
b. Mendel
c. Morgan
d. Watson
8. The man who determined that hereditary “factor” were carried on chromosomes
was __.
a. Sutton
b. Mendel
c. Morgan
d. Watson
Matching
9. law of genetics which states that dominant traits
show up in the offspring even if a gene for a
different trait is also present. a
10. law of genetics which states that when hybrids are
crossed with each other, the recessive trait
separates again in some of the offspring c
11. law of genetics which states that many traits of an
organism are inherited independently of each
other b
12. type of inheritance in which there are more than
two different forms of a gene for a particular trait;
example is the gene for human blood types d
13. type of inheritance in which a single trait is
controlled by many different pairs of genes. f
14. type of inheritance in which a single gene
influence several seemingly unrelated traits. e
a. law of dominance
b. law of independent
assortment
c. law of segregation
d. multiple gene
inheritance
e. pleiotropy
f. polygenic
inheritance
Matching
15. distinct unit of hereditary information e
a. genotype
16. study of heredity and hereditary variation f
b. chromosome
17. alternative/variant forms of a character k
c. testcross
18. organism’s genetic makeup a
d. mutations
19. organizational unit of hereditary info. b
e. gene
20. continuity of biological traits l
f. genetics
21. both gene (alleles) fully expressed in
heterozygote h
g. meiosis
22. two different genes (alleles) for a character i
23. organism’s appearance j
24. used to determine genotype of one parent if
other is known to be homozygous recessive c
25. produces four genetically unique haploid
daughter cells g
26. rare changes in DNA d
27. occurs among non-sex cells m
h. co dominance
i. heterozygous
j. phenotype
k. trait
l. hereditary
m. mitosis
Completion
Complete each sentence or statement
28. In _asexual_ reproduction, only one parent cell is needed for reproduction.
29. In sexual_ reproduction, two parent cells join together to form a new
individual.
30. The physical expression of an organism’s genes is its _phenotype_.
31. If there are 46 chromosomes in a human cell, how many chromosomes are
present in a human sex cell? 23
Short Answer
32. For rabbits, the allele for black fur (B) is dominant over the allele for white fur
(b). Suppose two black parents have four bunnies, three black and one
white.
a. What are the genotypes of the parents? Bb
b. What are the possible genotypes of all four siblings? BB Bb bb
33. If a child has blue eyes and both her parents have brown eyes, what does
that tell you about the trait for blue eyes? Explain your answer. Blue is
recessive. Both parents must be carriers.
34. Mendel crossed purebred tall pea plants with purebred dwarf pea plants.
a. Use a Punnett square to show the possible offspring. See drawing below
b. List the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. Tt all tall
35. For each genotype below, indicate whether it is heterozygous (He) or
homozygous (Ho).
a. TT Ho
b. Bb He
c. Ff He d. tt Ho e. FF Ho f. Tt He
36. Determine the phenotype for each genotype using the information provided
below about pea plants.
Round is Dominant to Wrinkled
a. RR _round___ b. Rr __ round __
c. rr__wrinkled___
Red is incompletely dominant to Blue flowers
a. RR ___red___ b. BB____blue______
c. RB___purple__
37. Show a cross between a homozygous recessive short pea plant with a
heterozygous tall pea plant. See drawing below
a. What percent of the offspring are Tall? 50%
b. What percent of the offspring are Short? 50%
c. What are the genotypes of the parents? Tt tt
Examine the diagram below and answer the questions that follow.
Not
on
Final!
38. When the cells in the male and female parent divide as
illustrated, do they form body cells or sex cells? Explain.
39. Does the first-generation offspring have the mother's phenotype
or the father's phenotype?
Extra Credit Not on Final!
Create a Punnett square between two parent pea plants who are
heterozygous for the two traits Round (R)/wrinkled (r) and Yellow (Y)
and green (y). What is the ratio of the phenotypes of the offspring.
34.
a. Punnett Square Drawing!
T
T
t
Tt
Tt
t
Tt
Tt
37.
t
T
Tt
t
tt
t
Tt
tt