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Transcript
Plate Tectonics Computer Program Part 1: Background information & Continental Drift Ch. 1: Introduction Notes 1. The movement of earth’s rocky outer layer called the lithosphere continues today. The movements of the lithosphere cause _______________, ___________________, and ___________________. 2. The modern scientific theory which describes this movement that causes these things is called _______________________________ theory. 3. This theory grew out of an earlier hypothesis that was partially correct and partially incorrect that attempted to describe the movement of continents called ________________________. Ch. 2: Continental Drift Notes 1. Who was Alfred Wegener and what was his role in developing the theory of plate tectonics? 2. What was Pangaea and when did it exist? 3. List the 4 pieces of evidence Wegener used to support his theory of continental drift. 4. Look at the diagram of Pangaea according to Wegener showing how all the continents fit together (slide 21). a. What continents is Antarctica next to? b. What continent is to the east of South America? 5. Name 3 animals/plants that left fossils on different continents 200 million years ago. 6. Before people knew about Pangaea, the existence of these matching fossils was explained by: 1 7. What was Wegener’s better explanation for the matching fossils on different continents? 8. Not just fossils match on different continents, ____________________ of the same age and type match too! 9. What is the name of the mountain chain that extends along the eastern U.S. to Newfoundland? ______________________(Hint: these mountains probably once connected with the mountains across the Atlantic Ocean in the British Isles and Scandinavia.). This is an example of how Wegener used geologic evidence for continental drift. 10. How did Wegener explain the evidence of ice in the past in places like India and South Africa that are warm today? See diagram to right for help… 11. What was one of the major problems with Wegener’s Continental drift hypothesis? Ch. 4: Earth’s Interior Notes 1. What is the source of energy for the movement of earth’s outer shell including the continents? 2. The temperature of earth’s interior ________________(increases/decreases) toward earth’s center where it may exceed _______________. 3. As you go deeper temperature ______________ (increases/decreases) and pressure ____________. Together with composition, this determines which layers will be liquid, solid, or semi-solid (called “plastic solid” meaning it is solid that flows). 4. The asthenosphere is part of the ____________(Mantle/Crust) Unlike the rock above it is capable of _________________. This makes it a “plastic solid” much like glacial ice or silly putty. 5. The name of the layer above the asthenosphere is the _________________ and includes both the very top of the mantle and the _______________. Unlike the asthenosphere, this layer is a ______________ solid which means it breaks instead of flows. 6. Why is this layer so rigid…why does it break instead of flow? 2 3