Download AP Biology

AP Biology
Mrs. Morton
Study Guide: Chapter 14
“Mendel and the Gene Idea”
Key terms:
Trait
True-breeding
Hybridization
P generation
F1 generation
F2 generation
Alleles
Dominant allele
Recessive allele
Law of segregation
Punnett square
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Phenotype
Genotype
Testcross
Monohybrid
Dihybrid
law of independent assortment
incomplete dominance
complete dominance
codominance
pleiotropy
epistasis
polygenetic inheritance
multifactorial
pedigree
carrier
cystic fibrosis
Tay-Sachs disease
sickle-cell anemia
Huningtons’ disease
Marfan’s syndrome
amniocentesis
chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
Objectives:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
List four components of Mendel’s hypothesis that lead him to deduce the law of segregation.
State Mendel’s Law of segregation.
Distinguish between genotype and phenotype, heterozygous and homozygous, dominant and
recessive, monohybrid, dihybrid, trihybrid.
Know how to use Punnett squares.
Define Mendel’s law of independent assortment
Define random event, and explain why it’s significant that allele segregation during meiosis and
fusion of gametes at fertilization are random events.
Use the laws of probability to calculate genetic problems.
Give an example of incomplete dominance and explain why it’s not evidence for the blending
theory of inheritance.
Describe the inheritance of the ABO blood system.
Know and give examples of variations of Mendelian inheritance.
Describe a simple model for polygenic inheritance
Describe how environmental conditions can influence the phenotypic expression of a character.
Describe the inheritance and expression of the above listed genetic diseases.
Give an example of a late-acting lethal dominant in humans and explain how it can escape
elimination
Explain how carrier recognition, fetal testing, and newborn screening can be used in genetic
screening and counseling.