Download Reading Assignment Name

Name __________________________
The Structure of DNA
1. What does DNA stand for? _______________________________________________
2. Watson and Crick determined that DNA is a molecule that is a ______________ ________________.
3. What is the monomer (single repeating unit) for DNA? _____________________________________
4. Nucleotides are made what three parts:
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
5. Label the nucleotide
6. List the four nitrogen bases: _______________________ ______________________
_______________________ ______________________
7. The double helix is held together by weak ________________________ bonds.
8. Who made the observation that in each organism, the amount of adenine equaled thymine, and the amount
of guanine equaled cytosine _____________
9. Whose was the scientist who took the X-ray pictures of DNA? _____________________________
10. A DNA molecule has the bases: C A T T A G G G A
What is the sequence on the complimentary strand? ______________________
11. What is the base pairing rule? ____________________________________
The Replication of DNA
12. Complimentary strands of the double helix serve as __________________ for making new DNA.
13. The process of making a copy of DNA is called ______________________
14. Replication occurs just before a cell _______________________
15. DNA ___________________________ unwind the DNA by cutting the hydrogen bonds.
16. DNA ___________________________ moves along the DNA strand and adds new complimentary
nucleotides.
17. The end product of DNA is two identical strands of DNA. Each strand is composed of ½ the
______________strand and ½ the ______________strand.
18. What phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur in?.
From Genes to Proteins
19. Traits, such as eye color, are determined by ___________________ which is in the nucleus of the cell.
20. RNA stands for __________________________________________. There are three different
RNA _______________________________, ____________________________,
___________________________.
types of
21. Instead of thymine, RNA contains the base: ___________________
22. DNA instructions are transferred to an RNA molecule during the process of
___________________________________.
23. The enzyme __________________ splits up the twisted DNA strands so that the mRNA can copy the
DNA message.
24. The purpose of the mRNA strand is ____________________________________________________.
25. After transcription occurs the mRNA strand leaves the _________________and goes to the
_____________ in the cytoplasm to start translation.
26. Translation puts together the ___________________ that make up the protein.
27. ____________________ carries the instructions from the DNA to the site of translation.
28. A codon consists of _______ nucleotides.
29. Each ________________ along an mRNA strand corresponds to an amino acid.
30. Amino acids are carried to the ribosome by a type of RNA are
31. Many amino acids attached together makes up a _____________________ chain
32. Polypeptide chains make up _____________.