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Chapter 14: The Digestive System and Body Metabolism ( ) 1- An assailant stabs a man in the upper abdomen with a butcher knife. The man's stomach is perforated. The first layer of tissue in the stomach wall to be cut was the? a- muscularis mucosa b- serosa c- lamina propria d- submucosa e- mucosa ( ) 2- A wave of muscular contraction moving from the oropharynx towards the stomach is termed a[n]? a- peristalsis b- segmentation contraction c- swallowing action d- antiperistalsis e- both a and c above are correct ( ) 3- Teeth that bite off pieces of food are the? a- wisdom teeth b- bicuspids c- molars d- premolars e- incisors ( ) 4- The glands that frequently become inflamed when one gets the mumps are called the _______ glands? a- parotid b- submandibular c- sublingual d- sustentacular e- both b and c above are correct ( ) 5- The soft palate separates the oral cavity from the? a- nasopharynx b- larynx c- nasal cavities d- hard palate e- laryngopharynx ( ) 6- The pyloric sphincter? a- is located in the jejunum b- opens to let food into the stomach c- opens to let food into the duodenum d- increases the surface area for absorption e- both a and d above are correct 1 ( ) 7- Chief cells of the gastric glands secrete? a- mucus b- HCl c- pepsinogen d- trypsin e- both [a] and [c] above are correct ( ) 8- The cells that secrete hydrochloric acid are the _______ cells? a- parietal b- zymogen c- Kupffer d- chief e- mucous neck ( ) 9- The finger-like projections of the small intestinal mucosa, which are so important in nutrient absorption, are the? a- rugae b- plicae circulares c- lacteals d- villi e- Krypts of Lieberkuehn ( ) 10- The terminal portion of the small intestine is the? a- caecum b- duodenum c- ileum d- jejunum e- colon ( ) 11- A small blind tube attached to the caecum just below (inferior) to where the ileum attaches is the? a- sigmoid colon b- ascending colo c- transverse colon d- appendix e- rectum ( ) 12- Clusters of lymphoid tissue found in the walls of the ileum are called? a- Brunner's glands b- plicae circulares c- ileocaecal valve d- Peyer's patches e- Krypts of Lieberkuehn 2 ( ) 13- Bile is carried to the duodenum by the? a- Haustra b- bile duct c- cystic duct d- pancreatic duct e- common hepatic duct ( ) 14- One of your digestive glands secretes enzymes that are capable of digesting carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. The gland is the? a- parotid gland b- adrenal gland c- liver d- pancreas e- cardiac gland ( ) 15- A digestive organ that provides a strongly acidic environment is the? a- stomach b- jejunum c- ileum d- oral cavity e- colon ( ) 16- Pepsin initiates the chemical digestion of? a- proteins b- lipids into fatty acids and glycerol c- all hormones d- complex carbohydrates - such as starches e- steroids ( ) 17- The stomach lining is protected from the stomach acid by? a- mucus b- lipase c- intrinsic factor d- gastrin e- pepsinogen ( ) 18- Gastrin, secreted by the gastric and duodenal mucosa, acts to? a- change pepsinogen into pepsin b- increase the secretions of the gastric glands c- inhibit the production of hydrochloric acid d- slow down the muscular contractions of the stomach wall muscles e- initiate the digestion of lipids 3 ( ) 19- Trypsin acts to break down? a- maltose b- polypeptides c- cellulose d- cholesterol e- triglycerides ( ) 20- Fat digestion in adult humans occurs in the? a- mouth b- duodenum c- liver d- stomach e- ileum ( ) 21- Which part of the alimentary canal penetrates the diaphragm? a- pharynx b- large intestine c- esophagus d- stomach e- small intestine ( ) 22- Which of the following does not contribute to the extensive surface of the small intestine at which the bulk of chemical digestion and nearly all food absorption occurs? a- rugae b- length and coiling of the tube c- microvilli d- villi e- plicae circulares ( ) 23- These chisel-shaped teeth are adapted for cutting? a- premolars b- incisors c- canines d- molars e- bicuspids ( ) 24- What is the main digestive function occurring in the stomach? a- protein digestion b- emulsification of fats c- starch digestion d- fat digestion e- absorption of the end-products of digestion 4 ( ) 25- Which of the following is not an enzyme contained in pancreatic juice? a- lipase b- trypsin c- pepsin d- chymotrypsin e- amylase ( ) 26- Food in the stomach on its way through the alimentary canal would next enter the? a- ascending colon b- esophagus c- duodenum d- ileum e- Jejunum ( ) 27- Which of the following is NOT a major nutrient (makes up the bulk of what we eat)? a- lipids b- vitamins c- carbohydrates d- water e- proteins ( ) 28- Which of the following is the body's most concentrated source of energy? a- protein b- vitamins c- glucose d- fat e- glycogen ( ) 29- The formation of muscle proteins from food you have eaten is an example of? a- peristalsis b- deglutition c- anabolism d- catabolism e- emulsification ( )30- When cells oxidize amino acids for energy their _______ groups are removed and, ultimately, in the liver, converted to the waste _______ which is flushed from the body in urine? a- amine group; creatinine b- carboxyl group; urea c- amine group; uric acid d- carboxyl group; creatine e- amine group; urea 5 ( ) 31- Which of the following is NOT an important role of the liver? a- store glycogen b- excretion of urea c- produce blood proteins d- phagocytosis e- manufacture bile ( ) 32- In general, which of the following is probably the most important factor involved in determining a person's basal metabolic rate (BMR)? a- surface area in relation to body volume b- emotional state c- amount of thyroxine produced by the thyroid gland d- gender of the individual e- Age of the individual ( )33- This hormone, produced by the duodenum, causes an increase in the output of bile by the liver and pancreatic juice rich in bicarbonate ions? a- gastrin b- histamine c- secretin d- somatostatin e- cholecystokinin ( ) 34- What substance, produced by gastric glands, is needed for the absorption of vitamin B12 from the small intestine? a- pepsinogen b- hydrochloric acid c- histamine d- intrinsic factor e- gastrin ( ) 35- What organ produces enzymes capable of digesting all of the major categories of organic compounds? a- stomach b- pancreas c- gall bladder d- salivary gland e- liver ( ) 36- Ketosis and acidosis are consequences of the incomplete oxidation of? a- carbohydrates b- proteins c- glucose d- starch e- fats 6 ( ) 37- Which of the following is not one of the four basic layers or tunics of the wall of the alimentary canal? a- muscularis externa b- serosa c- mucosa d- mesentery e- submucosa ( ) 38- Which of the following is not an enzyme associated with protein digestion? a- pepsin b- trypsin c- chymotrypsin d- lipase e- carboxypeptidase ( ) 39- Proteins of plant origin (i.e. beans, corn, rice)? a- are complete b- are incomplete c- contain all of the essential amino acids d- are the highest quality proteins e- meet all of the body's requirements for tissue maintenance and growth ( ) 40- Which of the following is NOT characteristic of the large intestine? a- Its longitudinal smooth muscle occurs in three bands b- It has numerous goblet cell in it mucosa c- It is relatively large in diameter d- It has finger-like projections called villi in its mucosa e- Its wall exhibits pocket-like sacs called haustra A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 B A 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 B 7