* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Reformation and Renaissance
Survey
Document related concepts
Northern Mannerism wikipedia , lookup
Waddesdon Bequest wikipedia , lookup
Art in early modern Scotland wikipedia , lookup
Renaissance philosophy wikipedia , lookup
Art in the Protestant Reformation and Counter-Reformation wikipedia , lookup
French Renaissance literature wikipedia , lookup
Renaissance architecture wikipedia , lookup
Renaissance Revival architecture wikipedia , lookup
Renaissance in Scotland wikipedia , lookup
Renaissance music wikipedia , lookup
Italian Renaissance painting wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Mrs. Blennert’s Study sheet Reformation and Renaissance Renaissance and Reformation shaped the modern world into what it is today. It started in Italy and spread throughout Europe. After the Black Plague and oppressive regulations of the Middle Ages, Europe woke up to a new way of appreciating old Greek and Roman ideals and a new way of viewing people. Renaissance revolutionized art, sciences, politics and many other areas. The wealth from trade financed countless artists and thinkers. Among those were brilliant men such as Leonardo da Vinci. In Germany, Martin Luther forever re-defined the relationship between God and people. His powerful ideas encouraged the protestant movement which resulted into a split from the Catholic Christian church. England soon followed suit by Henry VIII declaring himself the head of the church in England. You should know these locations . 1300’s A.D. Renaissance begins in Italian city-states Italy (Venice, Florence, Rome, Vatican), France, Netherlands, Germany, England 1400’s A.D. Renaissance spreads North 1503 A.D 1517 A.D . 1524 A.D. 1534 A.D. Leonardo starts Luther posts Peasants Henry VIII makes painting Mona Lisa 95 theses revolt in himself the head of Germany the church in England Geography Renaissance Movement and Reformation Locate the following places on your map. p. 469 Italian Renaissance – (places in Italy) Venice Florence Vatican Rome Related to Northern Renaissance – (places in Northern Europe) Flanders (now France and Netherlands) Germany England Related to Luther – Germany, Vatican City Related to Henry III – England Which mountain range separates the Italian city-states from the rest of Europe? Which sea surrounds Italy? Which ocean is England (now United Kingdom) surrounded by? Which two countries are called Flanders? Alps Mountains (same place where Otzi was found) Mediterranean Sea Atlantic Ocean France + Netherlands Martin Luther and Reformation Pages 489-490 Martin Luther vs. Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther 1483-1546, German, white, monk, married a nun, disliked Church practices, posted complaints on a church door, wanted to purify the Catholic church, complained non-violently, unintentionally caused the peasant revolt and a major split from the Catholic church, died naturally Martin Luther King, Jr. 1929 - 1968, African-American, not related to Martin Luther genetically, disliked the way people of color were treated, organized non-violent protests, famous for “I have a dream” speech, assassinated How did Martin Luther express his complaint? What are these complaints called? What were some of his main complaints? Which invention helped Luther spread ideas? What was the response to Luther’s ideas? How does torture fit with this? A list of 95 complaints about the Catholic Church at that time on a paper which he posted on a church door The 95 theses Vatican (the headquarters of the Catholic church) had too much money, the church was managing every aspect of human life, too many churchcreated steps to go to heaven, nepotism, torture and cruel practices. He felt there should be a direct relationship with God The printing press. His ideas spread very fast. Church first ignored him, then realized his power and excommunicated him. Luther was supported by many peasants, lords and princes in Germany. The Catholic church refused to change at that time. Peasants started a revolt which Luther did not intend to happen. Princes supporting Luther’s ideas started a war with princes supporting the Pope. This started the protestant religions, which was also not what Luther intended. At this time, torture was readily used. The church could use methods that did not draw blood (burning, drowning). The civil courts could use all other methods. If a person was excommunicated from the church, their case could be handled by the civil courts. All of this was very intimidating, so people generally didn’t talk against the Church. This was one of the practices strongly criticized by Martin Luther. Renaissance What does the word Renaissance mean? Could any rebirth of ideas be called that? Why is the time period between 1300’s and 1600’s called Renaissance? Are modern Renaissance fairs referring to the Historical time period Renaissance? What were the main causes of Renaissance? Pages 471-473 Re +Naissance= rebirth Yes. This was the most significant time period in human history where the old Greek and Roman ideals about art and learning were used to shape the future. No. They refer to the “rebirth” of Middle Ages. People role-play castle and knight competition scenes. Historically, Renaissance (we are learning about) follows the Middle Ages. End of the Middle Ages, no more Black Plague AND crusades, travel, trade How long did the High Renaissance last? How long did the Renaissance-influenced period last? Which super famous family sponsored art during Renaissance? How was art viewed during Renaissance? 40 or so years (Leonardo da Vinci and other super-famous artists) 300 years. 1300’s-1600’s Starting in the city-states of Italy and spreading to Northern countries like France and Germany. Medici Family in Florence. Sponsors of art projects are called patrons. Artists were viewed as regular workers until Leonardo da Vinci. Art became a way to show off personal wealth. Which 5 characteristics were typical of Renaissance art? Space – perspective, the hallway example, 3D Realism - human looking people, natural posture, 3D, nude is fine Individualism - unique characteristics of individual humans Religious Influence - some religious themes, with an emphasis on the humans Classical Expression - influenced by classical art of Greece and Rome Leonardo da Vinci Page 475, 478, Mrs. B.’s Power Point, movie about his lost painting, move “Leonardo’s Dream Machines” Who was Leonardo da Vinci? He was a - painter, sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer. What does it mean to be a Renaissance Man? How many of his paintings survive ? What did Leonardo da Vinci invent? Which are Leonardo da Vinci’s most famous works? What are some of Leonardo’s less famous traits? Did he feel successful? Why was Renaissance important? To be a “universal man” – creating art, dancing, singing, playing music, writing poetry, ride horses skillfully, wrestle, be good with a sword. Leonardo was all of these and more. He was more than the ideal man at his time period – Renaissance. 15 confirmed ones and his notebooks of sketches Technical drawing. Not the inventions he is credited with. Those were his studies of trying to understand how things work. Mona Lisa, Last Supper, Vitruvian Man He was a vegetarian, perhaps a homosexual (not confirmed since he kept his personal life very private), a procrastinator, liked to experiment with new techniques, used the scientific method do learn about things Most likely not. After experiencing a stroke in his 60’s, he realized that he could not complete all of the projects he had started. It was the time in history when many of the ideas we have today were born. One such idea is humanism – a movement focused on human potential and achievements (the reason why 1st grade teachers praise the individual successes of each student and why they look for their potential) Art and Artists during Renaissance pp. 474-479 Just like visual art, music also started to become more secular. Variations in melody, additional instruments and vocals were introduced in music. The instruments of Renaissance (harpsichord, sackbut) gave rise to the instruments used in modern days. What happened with dance at the time of Men and women of upper economic class were instructed in dance. Renaissance? Dancing was viewed as an important part of courting a mate. Dancing was very secular in nature (jumps, kisses in the air). Who were the famous writers then? Castiglione “The Courtier” (how to impress a mate), Machiavelli “The Prince” (how to be a smart ruler) Leonardo da Vinci 1452-1519 , Italian Renaissance What happened with music at the time of Renaissance? Andrea Mantegna, 1431-1506, Italian Renaissance Michelangelo Buonarroti, 1475-1564, Italian Renaissance Raphael Sanzio, 1483-1520, Italian Renaissance page 479- a bigger picture Northern Renaissance Artists from Germany, England and Flanders (France and Netherlands)