Download REVIEW SHEET FOR EVOLUTION UNIT

Final Exam Review 2013
Review Questions for Cellular Respiration
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In which process is glucose broken down in cells and ATP produced?
What gas is required for aerobic respiration to occur and where does this process occur
in the cell?
What is the difference between oxidation and reduction? How many oxygen atoms are
needed to fully oxidize or breakdown sugar? (look at overall cellular respiration
formula).
List 3 cellular respiration processes that are anaerobic (requiring no oxygen). - Hints:
1. (the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate) 2. Is the reduction of pyruvate to lactate and
3. reduction of pyruvate to alcohol and CO2
In what organ is the lactic acid that builds up in tissues converted back into glucose?
How many ATP are produced after aerobic respiration?
Why is oxygen so important in aerobic respiration?
Review for Mitosis/Meiosis
Mitosis (pp.244-252)
Meiosis (pp. 275-278)
Genetic disorders (pp. 352-353; p. 308)
Vocabulary to Know:
Chromosome
Chromatin
Chromatid
Centromere
Interphase (G1, S, G2)
crossing over
Spindle
Phases of mitosis (PMAT)
Cytokinesis
Cell plate
Contractile ring
Cleavage furrow
Cell cycle
Amniocentesis
cyclins
nondisjunction
homologous pairs Down’s syndrome (21)
deletion
diploid (2n)
Edward’s Syndrome (18)
duplication
haploid (n)
Patau’s Syndrome (13)
inversion
tetrad
Turner’s Syndrome (X0)
centrioles
Klinefelter’s Syndrome
translocation
gamete
XYY male
zygote
polyX (XXX, XXXX, XXXXX)
polar body
polyploidy
karyotype
trisomy
sex chromosome
monosomy
autosome
Barr bodies
asexual reproduction
binary fission
chronic villus sampling
Review for Genetics:
Punnett squares to review: monohybrid cross, dihybrid cross, recessive sex-linked, blood-typing,
polygenic, incomplete dominance (review problem sets I-III in your genetics homework folder
Pedigree lab
Review for DNA:
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Review key DNA scientists and know basic chronologic order of experiments: Griffith,
Chargaff, Oswald Avery, McCarty & MacLeod, Franklin and Wilkins, Hershey and
Chase and Watson and Crick.
Review hydrogen bonding between nitrogenous base pairs.
What does antiparallel mean?
Review enzymes involved in DNA replication and transcription.
Review processes of DNA replication, transcription, and translation. (See diagrams you
labeled with a word bank in your homework folder).
What does semiconservative mean?
What are codons? Anticodons?
Be able to interpret results of a gel from DNA gel electrophoresis.
REVIEW SHEET FOR EVOLUTION/CLASSIFICATION UNIT
1. Understand the theory of evolution by means of natural selection. Review Darwin’s
theory summarized in review slides. Compare this theory to LaMarck’s theory.
2. Review primate lab and hominid stations (stations 6 and 7) from classification lab.
3. Why do most primates have forward facing eyes. What is the selective pressure for this feature?
3. Explain at least two distinguishing characteristics of Australopithecines (Lucy).
4. Distinguish between Homo habilis and Homo erectus. Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon?
6. From hominid lab and notes, be able to list at least 5 hominid species and place in order from most
primitive to most recently evolved.
7. Be able to summarize Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection (page 386 in textbook ).
8. Be able to provide definition and example for adaptive radiation, convergent evolution and
coevolution (handout Arise of a New Species and read pp. 436-437.
9. Natural Selection can affect the distributions of phenotypes in 3 ways. Be familiar with each:
disruptive, directional and stabilizing. Read text pp. 398-399.
10. In biological terms, define the word fitness and provide a detailed example. Read
pp. 380-381.
11.List 4 of the 5 forms of reproductive isolation discussed in lecture (see maggot fly speciation slides.
Provide an example of each type. Read text pp. 404-405.
12. What does the Hardy-Weinberg Principle State? List the conditions that are required to maintain genetic equlibrium from generation to generation. Read pp,. 401-402.
13. Write out the Hardy-Weinberg mathematical principle and define each component (or variable) of
the equation as it would apply to genotypic frequency of a population (see lab)
14. Be able to solve a problem using the Hardy-Weinberg equation.
15. Review classification lab (7 stations with specimens)
16. What is gene flow?
17. Review taxons (KPCOFGS)
18. Review bionomial nomenclature.