Download Biochem retest questions

Experimental Design and Biochemistry
Study Review Questions
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Explain the significance of the control group, experimental group, independent variable,
dependent variable and controlled variables in an experiment.
Discuss the setup of a graph and list what information must be provided on all graphs.
Discuss the distinction between a hypothesis and theory.
What is electronegativity? How does electronegativity cause an atom to be polar or
nonpolar.
Compare and contrast an ionic, covalent and hydrogen bond. Explain what each is and
what causes each.
Why is water a polar molecule?
How does polarity allow for cohesion between water molecules? How does cohesion allow
for water to have surface tension?
How is adhesion different from cohesion?
Name 3 other properties of water and explain each.
List and draw 7 significant functional groups. For each, signify its characteristics and
molecules it could be found on.
What is an isomer?
How do monomers join to produce polymers, and how are polymers broken down into
monomers? (name, describe the reactions)
What is the purpose of monosaccharides? Name 3 “important” monosaccharides. How
are they different?
What are the two main functions of polysaccharides. Name 2 examples for each function
and explain how they are unique.
What is the difference between a saturated and unsatturated fatty acid?
Explain the structure of a Fat (triglycerol) molecule by stating its components and how they
join together?
Wow does the structure of a phospholipid differ from a fat?
How do phosopholipids form a bilayer?
Describe the general structure of a steroid? What is their significance in the body?
Describe various functions of proteins in the body.
Draw the structure of an amino acid and a dipeptide. Indicate the peptide bond on the
molecule.
Discuss the 4 levels of protein structures. Indicate the bonding patterns (shape/design) for
each level. What causes the particular shapes?
What protein level does denaturing affect? What factors can cause denaturing? How? Is
denaturing permanent?
How do nucleotides bond to form nucleic acids?
What are the different types of nucleotides? What are the two groups they would be found
in?
How do nucleotides pair with each other?
DNA is antiparallel, where the two chain run in opposite directions. How is this shown on a
DNA sequence?
State and explain the differences between DNA and RNA,
Doing research from another chapter in the text, compare the structure of RNA to that of
ATP.