Download Biology Chapter 2 Organic Molecules Students 9-25

Organic Molecules
Carbon is very important to organic molecules. Look at the molecules below. In how
many places can carbon bond?
What about Hydrogen?
Oxygen?
Some molecules are very willing to interact with
water. Based on what you know about a water
molecule, what characteristic do these water-loving
molecules have in common?
What is another name for water-loving?
(Hint: the prefix for water + the ending -philic)
Some molecules aren’t very willing to interact with
water. Based on what you know about a water
molecule, what characteristic do these water-fearing
molecules have in common?
What is another name for water-fearing?
(Hint: the prefix for water + an ending that means
persistent fear)
Monomers and Polymers
What does the prefix Mono- mean? ___________________ Poly-? _______________
Look at the pictures below. Based on your knowledge, circle the pictures that represent
monomers. Draw boxes around the polymers.
What is the relationship between monomer and polymers?
Building and Breaking Polymers
1. Is the product of the above reaction
more or less complex than the reactants?
1. Is the product of the above reaction more
or less complex than the reactants?
2. What molecule is released/produced
while forming the products?
2. What molecule is used to break the
reactant producing the products?
3. Why do you think this reaction is called
a dehydration synthesis reaction?
3. Why do you think this reaction is called
hydrolysis?
Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
1. Look at the monosaccharides (single sugars) below. How many different
elements do they contain?
What are they?
2. How would you describe the general shape of these monosaccharides?
3. Look at the polysaccharides below. What monosaccharide is used to build all of
these big sugars?
4. What atom is between each monosaccharide in the polysaccharides?
5. What reaction links two monsaccharides together? What molecule is released as a
waste product?
Lipids
1. Look at the 2 different fatty acids below.
What is the main difference between them?
2. How does the difference affect their shape?
3. Look at the molecule of Fat
below. How many fatty acid
molecules make up this fat and of
what type(s)?
4. Look at the molecule of Oil
below. How many fatty acid
molecules make up this oil and
of what type(s)?
5. What is the main difference between fats and oils?
Proteins
Look at the three amino acids below. Each one has a “central” carbon. Besides this
central carbon, what else is shared by all three amino acids?
1. Look at the picture below. How many levels are there to protein structure?
2. What is the first level of protein structure?
3. What type of bond allows the secondary structure to fold into an alpha helix or pleated
sheet?
4. What does the 4th level of protein structure consist of?
Enzymes
Look at the two graphs. Each contains
two lines, one with an enzyme and one
without an enzyme. Do the reactants or
products change depending on whether
the reaction includes an enzyme or not?
How do you know?
What is different about the reaction
when an enzyme is involved?
What letter from the graph at the left corresponds to
the energy released from the reaction with or
without an enzyme?
Nucleic Acids
1. Is DNA single stranded or double
stranded?
2. Is RNA single stranded or double
stranded?
3. What is the monomer used to build
Nucleic Acids?
4. How many parts are needed to build a
nucleotide? What are the parts?
5. What is different about the sugar found in
DNA and RNA?
6. What four bases (letters) are found in
DNA?
7. What four bases (letters) are found in
RNA?
8. What letters pair together in DNA?
9. What two parts of a nucleotide make up the “backbone” of DNA and RNA?
10. What holds the two strands of DNA to each other?