Download Quiz1 - Ryerson University

Ryerson University
Department of Philosophy
PHL201 Problems of Philosophy (Section 001)
Quiz #1
Instructions: Use the bubble-sheet to answer the follow questions. (1 mark for each
correct answers.)
1.
A valid argument:
(a)
Must have true premises and a true conclusion.
(b)
Must have a true conclusion.
(c)
May have false premises.
(d)
None of the above.
2.
Sound arguments:
(a)
Are always valid
(b)
Must have true premises.
(c)
Have a true conclusion.
(d)
All of the above.
3.
Two statements are contradictories only if:
(a)
They are both false.
(b)
They cannot both be true at the same time.
(c)
They can both be false at the same time.
(d)
They can both be true at the same time.
4.
A set of statements is consistent only if:
(a)
All of them are true.
(b)
It’s impossible for all of them to be false at the same time.
(c)
It’s possible for all of them to be true at the same time.
(d)
All of them have been true at one time or another.
5.
A cogent argument is one that is:
(a)
Either valid or has true premises.
(b)
Either sound or its premises offer good reason for believing the
conclusion.
(c)
An argument that has been tested empirically.
(d)
An argument that is valid a priori.
6.
According to René Descartes, the only way to establish a solid foundation for
what we claim to know was:
(a)
To reject everything that we believed beforehand.
(b)
To reject everything that Aristotle had to say.
(c)
To reject every belief for which there was even the slightest doubt.
(d)
None of the above.
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7.
Rationalists are those philosophers who believe that:
(a)
We can never make errors when we use our reason.
(b)
What we learn from sense experience is always wrong.
(c)
Reason is our most reliable source of knowledge.
(d)
All of the above.
8.
Descartes’ Cogito Argument convinces him that:
(a)
Someone may systematically be deceiving him.
(b)
He must exist insofar as he thinks or doubts.
(c)
His body does not actually exist.
(d)
All of the above.
9.
In the Meditations, Descartes is certain that:
(a)
He has a reliable way of telling when he is dreaming.
(b)
All his beliefs are produced by an Evil Demon.
(c)
There are no beliefs at all that he can be sure about.
(d)
None of the above.
10.
Descartes’ Trademark Argument:
(a)
Was the first European attempt to formulate laws about intellectual
property rights.
(b)
Begins with Descartes’ discovery that he possesses an idea of God.
(c)
Is meant to prove there cannot be an Evil Demon.
(d)
None of the above.
11.
Gettier-type counterexamples are meant to show that:
(a)
We can never know anything
(b)
Scepticism is false.
(c)
Knowledge is more than justified, true belief.
(d)
Knowledge is justified, true belief.
12.
Descartes thinks his knowledge of his self:
(a)
Does not depend on his knowledge about his body.
(b)
Is based on sensory perceptions.
(c)
Is entirely the product of an Evil Demon.
(d)
All of the above.
13.
The philosopher Antoine Arnauld argued that:
(a)
Minds are just another kind of material substance.
(b)
We can know things only on the basis of sensory experience.
(c)
Descartes’ attempt to validate clear and distinct ideas was circular.
(d)
None of the above.
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14.
According to Descartes, things that he perceives clearly and distinctly:
(a)
Should still be doubted.
(b)
Could be false.
(c)
Must be true.
(d)
Provide proof that he is a brain-in-a-vat.
15.
Empiricists are those philosophers who argue that knowledge is:
(a)
Not based on any foundations at all.
(b)
Something we never acquire.
(c)
Based on sensory experience.
(d)
Impossible unless we can prove that there’s not an Evil Demon.
16.
A priori knowledge is:
(a)
Based on experience.
(b)
Based on memory
(c)
Based on reason.
(d)
None of the above.
17.
A posteriori knowledge is:
(a)
Indubitable.
(b)
Dubitable.
(c)
Based on reason.
(d)
Based on experience.
18.
In his Trademark Argument, Descartes assumes that:
(a)
The cause of an idea must have as much reality as there is in the idea.
(b)
We can never know which of our beliefs are true.
(c)
We can always tell which of our beliefs are true.
(d)
The cause of an idea must be God.
19.
Coherentism, as a theory of knowledge, is the view that:
(a)
What we know must cohere with what other people claim to know.
(b)
Knowledge must be based on a foundation of coherent perceptual
beliefs.
(c)
Knowledge does not require the type of foundation that Descartes
sought.
(d)
All of the above.
20.
Scepticism is the view that:
(a)
Knowledge must be based on the views of the ancient Scholastic
Tradition.
(b)
We are never justified in thinking we know anything.
(c)
Justifying our beliefs is a matter of seeking coherent networks of
beliefs.
(d)
None of the above.
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