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Engaging Socrates by Joel Alden Schlosser
Engaging Socrates by Joel Alden Schlosser

... benefit –over the past few years. I thank Peter Euben, Jill Frank, Michael Gillespie, and Ruth Grant. To Jill, I am especially grateful for her deep involvement as an outside reader as well as her committed support throughout the process. To Peter, I am thankful for his constant questions and energy ...
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center
View - OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center

... inherited  traits.    For  the  higher  types,  such  “freedom”  is  expressed  in  acts  of  strength,  selfishness, war, overcoming, and possessing a cheerful attitude towards one’s own fatality.  In  effect, to be “free” is to embrace the necessary circumstances that one finds oneself in without  ...
aiming at virtue in plato
aiming at virtue in plato

... In the Cleitophon, a short and strange dialogue attributed to Plato, the character “Socrates” speaks only twice. He accuses the eponymous interlocutor on the one hand of telling people that it is a waste of time to associate with him, while on the other of lauding contact with Thrasymachus, the infa ...
Hegel, Nietzsche and the Beyond Within Life by Michael Harry
Hegel, Nietzsche and the Beyond Within Life by Michael Harry

... transcendent beyond has in fact been made present and not merely destroyed by its progressive appearance as history, ...
Philosophy of the Buddha
Philosophy of the Buddha

... the way of life that accords with this. (‘Dhamma’ is the Pāli spelling followed here; the more familiar ‘Dharma’ is in Sanskrit.) By examining this teaching, we will be studying the heart of all Buddhist traditions. Of course, these traditions have interpreted and developed the Buddha’s teaching in ...
Philosophy of the Buddha: An Introduction
Philosophy of the Buddha: An Introduction

... the way of life that accords with this. (‘Dhamma’ is the Pa¯li spelling followed here; the more familiar ‘Dharma’ is in Sanskrit.) By examining this teaching, we will be studying the heart of all Buddhist traditions. Of course, these traditions have interpreted and developed the Buddha’s teaching in ...
Lachrimae, or Seaven Teares by John Dowland
Lachrimae, or Seaven Teares by John Dowland

... musical allegory of the Fall by comparing the changes in harmony, musical devices, Latin titles,9 and—most importantly—Dowland’s treatment of the theme. Instead of an audible representation of melancholy, Hauge hears man’s fall from, and subsequent return to, his celestial state. In their interpreta ...
The Theaetetus as a Superior Apology.
The Theaetetus as a Superior Apology.

... ranks of the sophists. Plato’s audience was familiar with such men who proclaimed they had attained some truth and sought to propagate it (Cooper xix). In the Apology, Socrates seeks to differentiate himself from sophists by claiming he has no knowledge (22c). This is why he believes the Delphic ora ...
Scholastic Qualities, Primary and Secondary
Scholastic Qualities, Primary and Secondary

... as secondary qualities. The list in (b) comes straight from Aristotle, and he is perfectly clear (329b33) that all of these can be derived from (a). (Even here, however, there is doubt regarding heavy and lightweight. For despite their inclusion on Aristotle’s canonical list, they are in other conte ...
Beeckman, Descartes and the force of motion
Beeckman, Descartes and the force of motion

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On Reasons to Live Justifiably: In Support of a Humean

... articulation of such a view, should it be able to explain at least much of what we want from an account of moral reasons, would then provide a kind of helpful confidence in our claims about moral reasons. Even if one’s favored view turns out to fail, she need not then fear that nihilism about moral ...
Was Pyrrho the Founder of Skepticism?
Was Pyrrho the Founder of Skepticism?

... traditions. In order to gain acceptance for his philosophy, Arcesilaus had to show his precursors to be Socrates and Plato. Differences also existed. Pyrrho’s skepticism with gave “no reason to engage in philosophical argument” (LS, 446). For him skepticism was a way of life, but for Arcesilaus it w ...
Writing Duty: Religion, Obligation and Autonomy in George Eliot and
Writing Duty: Religion, Obligation and Autonomy in George Eliot and

... Connections between George Eliot and Immanuel Kant have been, for the most part, neglected. However, we have good reason to believe that Eliot not only read Kant (as well as many who were directly influenced by Kant), but substantially agreed with him on critical and moral issues. This thesis invest ...
Schopenhauer`s Theory of Justice
Schopenhauer`s Theory of Justice

... book called the fourfold "root" of something or other must be intended for apothecaries. The proud young doctor of philosophy, angry and hurt, countered by saying his book would still be available when all the novels she was publishing were long forgotten. She agreed, adding that the entire first pr ...
CLEMENS, JUSTIN Title - Minerva Access
CLEMENS, JUSTIN Title - Minerva Access

... plenitude but rather utterly void. Philosophy neither produces nor pronounces Truth; it deploys the category, but does not fill it with any content. As Badiou himself puts it: "who can cite a single philosophical statement of which it makes any sense to say that it is 'true,?,,9 But it is also becau ...
Platonic Meditations: The Work of Alain Badiou
Platonic Meditations: The Work of Alain Badiou

... plenitude but rather utterly void. Philosophy neither produces nor pronounces Truth; it deploys the category, but does not fill it with any content. As Badiou himself puts it: "who can cite a single philosophical statement of which it makes any sense to say that it is 'true,?,,9 But it is also becau ...
Epistemological Vs - Birkbeck, University of London
Epistemological Vs - Birkbeck, University of London

... But why all this creative reconstruction, all this make believe? The stimulation of his sensory receptors is all the evidence anybody has had to go on, ultimately, in arriving at his picture of the world. Why not just see how this construction really proceeds? Why not settle for psychology! (Quine ( ...
Merleau-Ponty`s transcendental theory of perception - SAS
Merleau-Ponty`s transcendental theory of perception - SAS

... engaged, like the philosopher of mind, in making claims about their essential nature, necessary and sufficient or constitutive conditions, and so on. Accordingly it seems reasonable to expect that, allowing for differences of vocabulary and methodology, on matters of substance numerous points of con ...
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- James Tartaglia

... Rorty interprets this as a dispute over standards of evidence. Galileo and other new scientists were trying to limit the evidential scope of scripture; they wanted to keep religion and science separate, with those parts of scripture conflicting with science to be construed non-literally. Bellarmine ...
ABSOLUTE TRUTH AS CONTRASTED WITH
ABSOLUTE TRUTH AS CONTRASTED WITH

... other positions. He analyzes it in this way: “Instead of antithesis (that some things are true and their opposite untrue), truth and moral rightness will be found in the flow of history, a synthesis of them. . . . Today not only in philosophy but in politics, government, and individual morality, our ...
Towart 1 - Personal.psu.edu
Towart 1 - Personal.psu.edu

... other positions. He analyzes it in this way: “Instead of antithesis (that some things are true and their opposite untrue), truth and moral rightness will be found in the flow of history, a synthesis of them. . . . Today not only in philosophy but in politics, government, and individual morality, our ...
Willful Ignorance and Self-Deception
Willful Ignorance and Self-Deception

... of a sort inadequate for knowledge? It may seem that this would allow us to maintain that he was ignorant of p, since if being ignorant of something simply means not knowing it, and if Speer only believed but did not know that p, then he was, strictly speaking, ignorant that p. However, believing t ...
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Popper and Xenophanes - ORCA

... the model of scientific method and of other forms of Enlightenment research the method of Conjectures and Refutations, a phrase which was also the title of a book of his, published in his prime in 1963. This method of critical rationalism and critical realism, which he claimed to have devised as lon ...
Good and Evil: An Absolute Conception, Second Edition
Good and Evil: An Absolute Conception, Second Edition

... course, but the matter is, at most, controversial for us. Aristotle would have found it absurd and, in a way, he would have been right. I try to reclaim the wondrousness of it for philosophical reflection. The encounters I mark are dramatic. Holland did not have such occasions in mind when he spoke o ...
The Incoherence of the Incoherence
The Incoherence of the Incoherence

... motive of an act when judging its moral character; the theory of the two categories of substance and accident (the two other categories, condition and relation, are not considered by the Muslim theologians to pertain to reality, since they are subjective); above all, the fatalism and determinism in ...
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Rationalism

In epistemology, rationalism is the view that ""regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge"" or ""any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification"". More formally, rationalism is defined as a methodology or a theory ""in which the criterion of the truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive"". Rationalists believe reality has an intrinsically logical structure. Because of this, rationalists argue that certain truths exist and that the intellect can directly grasp these truths. That is to say, rationalists assert that certain rational principles exist in logic, mathematics, ethics, and metaphysics that are so fundamentally true that denying them causes one to fall into contradiction. Rationalists have such a high confidence in reason that empirical proof and physical evidence are unnecessary to ascertain truth – in other words, ""there are significant ways in which our concepts and knowledge are gained independently of sense experience"". Because of this belief, empiricism is one of rationalism's greatest rivals.Different degrees of emphasis on this method or theory lead to a range of rationalist standpoints, from the moderate position ""that reason has precedence over other ways of acquiring knowledge"" to the more extreme position that reason is ""the unique path to knowledge"". Given a pre-modern understanding of reason, rationalism is identical to philosophy, the Socratic life of inquiry, or the zetetic (skeptical) clear interpretation of authority (open to the underlying or essential cause of things as they appear to our sense of certainty). In recent decades, Leo Strauss sought to revive ""Classical Political Rationalism"" as a discipline that understands the task of reasoning, not as foundational, but as maieutic. Rationalism should not be confused with rationality, nor with rationalization.In politics, Rationalism, since the Enlightenment, historically emphasized a ""politics of reason"" centered upon rational choice, utilitarianism, secularism, and irreligion – the latter aspect's antitheism later ameliorated by utilitarian adoption of pluralistic rationalist methods practicable regardless of religious or irreligious ideology.In this regard, the philosopher John Cottingham noted how rationalism, a methodology, became socially conflated with atheism, a worldview: In the past, particularly in the 17th and 18th centuries, the term 'rationalist' was often used to refer to free thinkers of an anti-clerical and anti-religious outlook, and for a time the word acquired a distinctly pejorative force (thus in 1670 Sanderson spoke disparagingly of 'a mere rationalist, that is to say in plain English an atheist of the late edition...'). The use of the label 'rationalist' to characterize a world outlook which has no place for the supernatural is becoming less popular today; terms like 'humanist' or 'materialist' seem largely to have taken its place. But the old usage still survives.
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