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4 - Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis
4 - Indiana University–Purdue University Indianapolis

... acknowledgement of experimental intelligence in its most radical implications. At the center of this acknowledgement, we encounter "an experimenter of flesh and blood"— that is, an embodied agent exemplifying experimental intelligence ("What Pragmatism Is" [1905], CP 5.424). This pragmatism is, at o ...
Neo-Fregeanism and Quantifier Variance
Neo-Fregeanism and Quantifier Variance

... way. First, the issues at stake in the about whether ‘the number of Fs’ is a singular term will simply reappear in debate about whether the left-hand side of instances of the biconditional satisfy semantic compositionality and penetrability by quantifiers. For neo-Fregeans, all it takes for somethin ...
PLATO: THE SEVENTH LETTER_4
PLATO: THE SEVENTH LETTER_4

... and vain hopes, as if they had acquired some awesome lore. It has occurred to me to speak on the subject at greater length, for possibly the matter I am discussing would be clearer if I were to do so. There is a true doctrine, which I have often stated before, that stands in the way of the man who w ...
Behold the Non-Rabbit: Kant, Quine, Laruelle
Behold the Non-Rabbit: Kant, Quine, Laruelle

... determined, as every other kind of objective phenomenon. Moreover, as the ultimate ground for the possibility of transcendental synthesis, pure apperception maintains a formal, impersonal and objective status which precludes its identification with the personal subject of empirical consciousness; al ...
Scepticism with regard to Reason* David Owen, University of
Scepticism with regard to Reason* David Owen, University of

... sometimes seen people make mistakes in such matters and accept as certain... things which seemed false to us.”10 The argument is similar to Hume’s first negative argument: since we are fallible, and make mistakes, we can’t accept as certain even the results of demonstrations. An awareness of the un ...
Moral Theory and Experience
Moral Theory and Experience

... world through a theory (i.e., we are all "walking theories"). To begin philosophy in the midstream of our lives is not even to begin within a body of beliefs, as is sometimes assumed by epistemologists. Theories and beliefs are in our lives. “Primary experience” is, however, not “pure” experience in ...
1.Kant`s Account of the Unity
1.Kant`s Account of the Unity

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Hegel and Institutional Rationality:
Hegel and Institutional Rationality:

... and not some other.4 Where Hegel veers off (or veers back to Rousseau. whose position on this issue Hegel did not fully appreciate) is in his linking being in some social roles to the realization of reason in both the “subjective” and “objective” sense noted above.5 Whatever else he means by this, h ...
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Abstract expressionism and the communication

... which has some advantages over Yablo’s and may turn out to be superior to it.4 For simplicity, I concentrate on the case of arithmetic. After laying out Yablo’s explanation (section 2), I argue that it is psychologically implausible (section 3). I then introduce a much simpler form of expressionism ...
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Gideon Manning DESCARTES` HEALTHY MACHINES AND THE

... Garber has to say, if I understand him correctly he endorses the view that machines are just corporeal substances. He writes, “For Descartes, I suggest, a machine has become simply a collection of parts whose states are determined by the size, shape, and motion of those parts, as well as by the coll ...
PDF
PDF

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Kant`s Deconstruction of the Principle of Sufficient Reason
Kant`s Deconstruction of the Principle of Sufficient Reason

... But is it so clear that the Wolffian definition is circular? It is so only if the same thing is meant by 'reason' (in: "reason is that from which it is possible to understand," ratio est, unde intelligi potest ) and by 'why' ("why something is rather than is not," cur aliquid sitpotius quam non sit) ...
Reid`s defense of common sense - Scholars Archive
Reid`s defense of common sense - Scholars Archive

... me with a reason not to attempt withholding assent. That said, it remains to be explained how I can know which beliefs I cannot help but accept. Some people claim to be able to withhold assent from the belief in an external world. Perhaps such gifted sceptics are dierent from the rest of us, but ho ...
Wittgenstein`s Grammar of Emotions
Wittgenstein`s Grammar of Emotions

... experiences (Erlebnisse) that are not undergoings (Erfahrungen); they are divided into directed and undirected emotions; they also have duration, but lack spatial determination (have no place). An emotion is said to have a characteristic expression «which one would use in miming it», and to «colour ...
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What`s So Queer About Morality? One of the currently available

... Another move open to the realist is to grant for the sake of argument that he or she must embrace reasons internalism but argue that doing so does not have any ontologically queer implications. Recall that according to Garner, the thing that is supposedly so queer about morality in this context is t ...
Lecture Notes
Lecture Notes

... a) Distinction between i. Ordinary, ground-level, determinate empirical, practical, and theoretical concepts, and ii. logical, philosophical, or speculative meta-concepts, whose distinctive expressive job it is, on my reading, to let us make explicit the use, contents, and development of ordinary de ...
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the tension between aristotle_s theories

... objects and their well-known goals32. The treatise De Anima is built upon a broad set of similes and metaphors, all used to explain the most difficult doctrinal points33: the unity of body and soul is conceived as the unity of a circle and its tangent at a point34, and as the unity of a wax tablet a ...
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SOME MAIN PROBLEMS OF PHILOSOPHY

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MARTIN HEIDEGGER Being, Beings, and Truth

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Aristippos - dieter huber
Aristippos - dieter huber

... have considered the question of how to live a joyful life with a maximum of pleasure and a minimum of loss through conflict with one’s fellow human beings. We can extract Aristippus’ principles for the good life from the anecdotes of Diogenes Laertius. They are as modern and current as guidelines fo ...
A Triune Philosophy of Mathematics
A Triune Philosophy of Mathematics

... namely that the universe could be described by just a few simple laws. Today physicists are searching for the theory of everything . . . a few simple statements to describe all. In this view, very little is required of the mathematical form (which only contains a few statements) and much of the huma ...
"Kant, Naturphilosophie, and Oersted`s Discovery of
"Kant, Naturphilosophie, and Oersted`s Discovery of

... forces, as experience reveals them to us, which will serve as a preliminary to physics by reordering the empirical search for forces in their concrete realization. This formal schematism will point out in an apri ...
Mimesis, Eros, and Mania
Mimesis, Eros, and Mania

... with the ethos of unprecedented originality claimed by, say, aesthetic modernity. True, Plato was important in a more positive sense for thinkers like Schelling and Schopenhauer, and poets like Coleridge and Shelley. True also, eros and mania have variously been resurrected in aesthetic modernity, i ...
1929 Davos Disputation - The Dallas Philosophers Forum
1929 Davos Disputation - The Dallas Philosophers Forum

... infinite, making possible freedom from the constrictions of concrete life. Heidegger, Cassirer asserts, must provide a similar breakthrough to the mundus intelligibilis [intelligible world], where appearances fall away and freedom reigns. How, Cassirer asks, can Heidegger’s finite creature have abso ...
Foundationalism
Foundationalism

... experience”.11 It’s difficult to discern any such thing there; however, we later learn that experience can justify belief after all, provided the belief is formed because of “a stable and reliable disposition to form beliefs about the environment on the basis of experiential inputs”.12 This is no “a ...
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Rationalism

In epistemology, rationalism is the view that ""regards reason as the chief source and test of knowledge"" or ""any view appealing to reason as a source of knowledge or justification"". More formally, rationalism is defined as a methodology or a theory ""in which the criterion of the truth is not sensory but intellectual and deductive"". Rationalists believe reality has an intrinsically logical structure. Because of this, rationalists argue that certain truths exist and that the intellect can directly grasp these truths. That is to say, rationalists assert that certain rational principles exist in logic, mathematics, ethics, and metaphysics that are so fundamentally true that denying them causes one to fall into contradiction. Rationalists have such a high confidence in reason that empirical proof and physical evidence are unnecessary to ascertain truth – in other words, ""there are significant ways in which our concepts and knowledge are gained independently of sense experience"". Because of this belief, empiricism is one of rationalism's greatest rivals.Different degrees of emphasis on this method or theory lead to a range of rationalist standpoints, from the moderate position ""that reason has precedence over other ways of acquiring knowledge"" to the more extreme position that reason is ""the unique path to knowledge"". Given a pre-modern understanding of reason, rationalism is identical to philosophy, the Socratic life of inquiry, or the zetetic (skeptical) clear interpretation of authority (open to the underlying or essential cause of things as they appear to our sense of certainty). In recent decades, Leo Strauss sought to revive ""Classical Political Rationalism"" as a discipline that understands the task of reasoning, not as foundational, but as maieutic. Rationalism should not be confused with rationality, nor with rationalization.In politics, Rationalism, since the Enlightenment, historically emphasized a ""politics of reason"" centered upon rational choice, utilitarianism, secularism, and irreligion – the latter aspect's antitheism later ameliorated by utilitarian adoption of pluralistic rationalist methods practicable regardless of religious or irreligious ideology.In this regard, the philosopher John Cottingham noted how rationalism, a methodology, became socially conflated with atheism, a worldview: In the past, particularly in the 17th and 18th centuries, the term 'rationalist' was often used to refer to free thinkers of an anti-clerical and anti-religious outlook, and for a time the word acquired a distinctly pejorative force (thus in 1670 Sanderson spoke disparagingly of 'a mere rationalist, that is to say in plain English an atheist of the late edition...'). The use of the label 'rationalist' to characterize a world outlook which has no place for the supernatural is becoming less popular today; terms like 'humanist' or 'materialist' seem largely to have taken its place. But the old usage still survives.
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