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Learning Guide: Meiosis Bill Activity #33 To Think About: How is heritable information passed to the next generation in eukaryotes, and how do changes in genotype result in changes in phenotype of an organism? 1st Read About: Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles Pgs. 248-260 Campbell’s Biology 9th edition Overview: Explain the importance of the principles of heredity and variation. Define genetics. Offspring acquire genes from parents by inheriting chromosomes. o Define the following terms as you read: genes, gametes, somatic cells, locus o Describe the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction. Fertilization and meiosis alternate in sexual life cycles. o Define the following terms as you read: karyotype, homologous chromosomes, sex chromosomes, autosomes, diploid cell, haploid cell, zygote, fertilization, meiosis, alternation of generations Meiosis reduces the number of chromosome sets from diploid to haploid o Explain the relationship among these words: gene, DNA, chromosome, chromatid. o Explain why meiosis is often called “reduction division.” o Create a graphic organizer that illustrates the differences between meiosis and mitosis. (see pg. 256-7) Genetic variation produced in sexual life cycles contributes to evolution o Explain how each of the following contribute to genetic variety among members of the same species: 1. Independent assortment of chromosomes 2. Crossing over 3. Random fertilization 2nd Interact: Take notes on Mr. Andersen’s 028 Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Meiosis Video (if you haven’t already) 3rd Interact: Take notes Mr. Andersen’s Mr. Andersen’s “Meiosis” video Then: Mr. Andersen’s “Diploid vs. Haploid Cells” video 4th Read About: Alterations of chromosome number or structure Pgs. 297-300 Campbell’s Biology 9th edition Abnormal chromosome number o Explain the following terms: aneuploidy, monosomic, trisomic, polyploidy, Alteration of chromosome structure o List several ways that chromosomes could be altered o Describe three genetic disorders that can result from nondisjunction or alterations during meiosis. Supplementary Resources: Click the links below for more information to help you learn more about this lesson. Crash Course Biology: Heredity Crash Course Biology: Meiosis SumanasInc: Meiosis Animation Biocoach: Meiosis Hillis et al.:Independent Assortment of Alleles Animation Learn More: For more information about inheritance of traits and production of gametes, follow the links below: Nondisjunction in Humans: learn how gametes can end up with extra chromosomes PBS’ The Evolution of Sex: learn why sexual reproduction is advantageous from an evolutionary standpoint