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Name: ________________________________________________________ Date: _______ Period: ______ Earthquakes Ch. 8-1 What are Earthquakes? 1. Seismology is _______________________________________________________________________ WHERE DO EARTHQUAKES OCCUR? 2. Where do most earthquakes take place? ___________________________________________________ 3. When tectonic plates move and slip past each other, they cause ___________________in Earth’s crust. 4. Why do earthquakes occur along faults? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ WHAT CAUSES EARTHQUAKES? Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. _____ 5. rock deformation that is like a stretched rubber band and leads to earthquakes a. deformation _____ 6. change in the shape of rocks in response to stress b. plastic deformation _____ 7. sudden return of elastically deformed rock to its undeformed shape c. elastic deformation _____ 8. rock deformation that is like a piece of molded clay and does not lead to earthquakes d. elastic rebound 9. What occurs when more pressure is applied to a rock than it can withstand? ______________________ 10. During elastic rebound, energy is released that travels as seismic waves. What do the seismic waves cause? _____________________________________________________________________________ FAULTS AT TECTONIC PLATE BOUNDARIES Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. _____ 11. occurs where two plates slip past each other a. divergent motion _____ 12. occurs where two plates push together b. convergent motion _____ 13. occurs where two plates pull away from each other c. transform motion HOW DO EARTHQUAKE WAVES TRAVEL? _____ 14. Seismic waves that travel along Earth’s surface are a. surface waves. b. body waves. c. secondary waves. _____ 15. Which of the following is the fastest type of seismic wave? a. surface waves b. S waves c. P waves _____ 16. An S wave is unable to travel through a. solids. b. liquid. c. rock. 17. What does the speed of a seismic wave depend on? __________________________________________ Match the correct definition with the correct term. Write the letter in the space provided. _____ 18. wave of energy that travels through Earth, away from an earthquake in all directions _____ 19. seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a back-and-forth direction _____ 20. seismic wave that causes particles of rock to move in a side-to-side direction a. S wave b. seismic wave c. P wave