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Transcript
FACTS FILE CIRCULATION 1.Largest Vein 2.Largest artery 3.Smallest blood vessel 4.Animal with highest BP 5.Vertebrate with White blood 6.Lung fish has 7.Frog has 8.Heart of fish 9.Animal without heart 10.Foramen Panizza 11.Weight of human heart 12.Coronory Angiography 13.Excess calcium 14.Papillary muscles 15.Keber’s gland 16.Insect with haemoglobin 17.Blood Worm 18.Vasa Vasorum 19.Largest heart 20.Tread Mill Test – TMT 21.Bicuspid and Tricuspid 22.Rh factor 23.Antibodies A and B 24.Cardiac index 25.William Harvey 26.Angiology 27.Cardiology 28.Arteriovenous heart 29. Complete double circulation 30.Coronary Sulcus 31.Right auricle 32.Valve of Thebesius 33.Tricuspid valve 34.Chordae tendinae 35.Semilunar valves 36.Wall of heart 37.Cardiac cycle 38.Atrial systole 39.Atrial diastole 40.Ventricular systole 41.Ventricular systole 42.Ventricular diastole 43.Joint diastole 44.Cardiac cycle 45.Dupp sound 46.Pulse pressure 47.SA node 48.Normal heart rate 49.Cardiac output 50.Neurogenic heart 51.Myogenic heart inferior venacava Aorta Capillary Giraffe Antarctic fish Two auricles and one ventricle Two pairs of lymph hearts Venous heart Amphioxus and Nereis Present between the systemic arches of the heart Male – 300 Gm. Female – 250 Gm Used to detect blocks in the arteries Increases heart beat Present in the heart of mammals Pericardial gland present in Fresh water mussel Chironomus larva of Chironomus fly Chironomus larva Blood vessel gives blood to blood vessel Blue Whale Used to check the effieciency of heart Terms used for heart valves and crown of tooth Appears in foetus from 10th week Appears in foetus from 4-8th months after birth Minute volume per sq.m – 3.3 lit / min / sq.m Discovered blood circulation Study of blood vessels Study of heart Double circuilation Lung fish Amphibia , Reptiles, Birds , Mammals Birds , Mammals , Crocodile , Alligator , Gravialis Groove present on the surface of Heart Receives blood from – Superior and Inferior venacavae and Coronary sinus Present in coronary sinus Between right auricle and right ventricle Muscle fibers connectin valves to wall of ventricle Present in aorta Outer Epicardium , Middle Myocardium – Inner Endocardium Atrial systole + Ventricular systole + Joint diastole 0.18 seconds 0.08 seconds Relaxation of atria and Cotraction of ventricle 0.3 seconds 0.32 seconds 0.4 seconds 0.88 seconds Closing of semilunar valves Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure – Normal value 40mm Hg Heart beat first originate – highest rate of rhythemicity 70-72 / sec. In male , 80 –82 in female and children Blood pumped in to aorta per minute – 5 litres Contraction originate from nerve ganglions present on heart Insect heart Contraction originate from the muscle ( pace makers – SA and AV 52.Pace Setter 53.Bundle of His 54.Purkinje fibres 55.Bradycardia 56.Tachycardia 57.Blue baby 58.Heart rate 59.Epinephrine 60.Nor epinephrine 61.Grave yard of RBC 62.Cords of Billroth 63.Diapedesis 64.Heart murmur 65.ESR 66.Hepatic portal vein 67.Artery 68.Veins 69.Erythroblasts 70.Erythropoiesis 71.Erythropoetin 72.Lymph glands 73.Spleen 74.Classical blood groups 75.Rh antigen 76.Antigen 77.Antibody 78.Blood clotting factors 79.Factor VIII 80.Factor IX 81.Haemophilia 82.Buffer of blood 83.Pulse beat 84.Tricuspid valve 85.Bicuspid valve 86.Maximum heart beat 87.RBC – WBC ratio 88.Wall of vein 89.Endothelium 90.Conduction of heart beat 91.Blood vessel to diaphragm 92.Blood vessel to brain 93.Largest heart 94.Heart transplantation Nodes ) present on the heart - Vertebrate heart AV node Conducting fibres between SA and AV nodes Conducting fibres from Bundle of His to ventricle Slow heart rate - 60 / minute Increased heart rate – Above 72 / minute] Baby born with atrial or ventricular defect – Blue in colour due to venous blood More in old persons due to decreased elasticity of arteries Increases heart beat – Tachycardia Decreases heart rate – Bradycardia Spleen – destroy used RBC after 120 days Blood spaces of Spleen Amoeboid movement of WBC through blood capillary Sound of heart due to defective valve Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate – Test to detect disease – Normal value 30. Increases in infections like T.B Gastric + Intestinal + Splenic veins Thick wall , Elastic , Contractile ,no valves Thin wall ,Non elastic ,Non contractile , Valved Mother cells of RBC – Present in bone marrow – nucleated Formation of RBC – Folic acid , Iron essential –Occurs in red bone marrow of ribs , vertebrae , long bones Hormone stimulating RBC formation Rich in WBC – destroy pathogens Lymph gland – filter dead RBC from blood A,B,AB,O system – Introduced by Karl Landsteiner – 1900 Rhesus Factor – Identified in Rhesus macaca by Landsteiner and Weiner – 90 % people Rh positive – 10 % Rh negative Mismatching causes Erythroblastosis foetalis – No natural antibody for Rh antigen in the blood - Antibody develop by Isoimmunization when Rh Positive blood is transfused in to Rh negative blood. Takes six months Also called agglutinogen Also called agglutinin 12 numbers Anti haemophilic factor – AHF – absence causes Haemophilia A Absence causes Haemophilia B Royal disease ( found out in the family of queen Victoria ) Bleeders disease.Genotype – Hh / Hh Females are carriers – h / h male haemophilic – Male is Hemizygous – only one gene for haemophilia is sufficient to produce disease since male has only one X chromosome NaHCO3 –sodium bi carbonate Beat felt in arteries Found between right auricle and right ventricle Also called Mitral valve – between left auricle and ventricle Mouse 600 : 1 Tunica media Inner lining of blood capillary SA node – AV node – Bundle of His – Purkinje system – Ventricle Phernic Carotid artery Elephant Christian Bernard