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The pressure-volume loop depicts graphically the hemodynamic changes in the left ventricle during a heartbeat and the ejection of one stroke volume
(SV). Segment A-B occurs at the beginning of systole after the mitral valve closes. (A) The left ventricular end-diastolic pressure is noted on the graph at
the end of diastolic filling. Pressure in the ventricle gradually builds until point B is reached when the aortic valve opens (B) and blood is ejected from the
ventricle. The aortic valve closes when ejection is complete at end systole. The line at point D identifies end systole. Moving the slope of this line to the
reader's right represents a shift to a less contractile state. Moving the slope to the left reflects a more highly contractile ventricle. Segment D-E represents
isovolumetric relaxation. Once pressure in the ventricle is reduced the mitral valve again opens (point E) and diastolic filling resumes in preparation for the
Source: Chapter 2. Hemodynamics and Cardiac Anesthesia, Cardiac Anesthesia and Transesophageal Echocardiography
heart's next systole. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), end-systolic pressure-volume (ESPV)
Citation:
Wasnick
Hillel Z, Kramer
D, Littwin S, Nicoara
A. Cardiac
and General
Transesophageal
Echocardiography;
Available
at:
(From: William
J Hoffman,
JohnJD,
D Wasnick,
eds. Postoperative
Critical Care
of the Anesthesia
Massachusetts
Hospital. 2nd
ed. Boston, MA:2011
Wolters
Kluwer;
http://mhmedical.com/
Accessed:
May
02,
2017
1992, with permission.)
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