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Facts File 2
1.Largest Vein
inferior venacava
2.Largest artery
Aorta
3.Smallest blood vessel
Capillary
4.Animal with highest BP
Giraffe
5.Vertebrate with White blood Antarctic fish
6.Lung fish has
Two auricles and one ventricle
7.Frog has
Two pairs of lymph hearts
8.Heart of fish
Venous heart
9.Animal without heart
Amphioxus and Nereis
10.Foramen Panizza
Present between the systemic arches of the heart
11.Weight of human heart
Male – 300 Gm. Female – 250 Gm
12.Coronory Angiography
Used to detect blocks in the arteries
13.Excess calcium
Increases heart beat
14.Papillary muscles
Present in the heart of mammals
15.Keber’s gland
Pericardial gland present in Fresh water mussel
16.Insect with haemoglobin
Chironomus larva of Chironomus fly
17.Blood Worm
Chironomus larva
18.Vasa Vasorum
Blood vessel gives blood to blood vessel
19.Largest heart
Blue Whale
20.Tread Mill Test – TMT
Used to check the effieciency of heart
21.Bicuspid and Tricuspid
Terms used for heart valves and crown of tooth
22.Rh factor
Appears in foetus from 10th week
23.Antibodies A and B
Appears in foetus from 4-8th months after birth
24.Cardiac index
Minute volume per sq.m – 3.3 lit / min / sq.m
25.William Harvey
Discovered blood circulation
26.Angiology
Study of blood vessels
27.Cardiology
Study of heart
28.Arteriovenous heart
Double circuilation
Lung fish Amphibia , Reptiles, Birds , Mammals
29. Complete double circulation Birds , Mammals , Crocodile , Alligator , Gravialis
30.Coronary Sulcus
Groove present on the surface of Heart
31.Right auricle
Receives blood from – Superior and Inferior venacavae and
Coronary sinus
32.Valve of Thebesius
Present in coronary sinus
33.Tricuspid valve
Between right auricle and right ventricle
34.Chordae tendinae
Muscle fibers connectin valves to wall of ventricle
35.Semilunar valves
Present in aorta
36.Wall of heart
Outer Epicardium , Middle Myocardium – Inner Endocardium
37.Cardiac cycle
Atrial systole + Ventricular systole + Joint diastole
38.Atrial systole
0.18 seconds
39.Atrial diastole
0.08 seconds
40.Ventricular systole
Relaxation of atria and Cotraction of ventricle
41.Ventricular systole
0.3 seconds
42.Ventricular diastole
0.32 seconds
43.Joint diastole
0.4 seconds
44.Cardiac cycle
0.88 seconds
45.Dupp sound
Closing of semilunar valves
46.Pulse pressure
Difference between systolic and diastolic pressure – Normal value 40mm
Hg
47.SA node
Heart beat first originate – highest rate of rhythemicity
48.Normal heart rate
70-72 / sec. In male , 80 –82 in female and children
49.Cardiac output
Blood pumped in to aorta per minute – 5 litres
50.Neurogenic heart
51.Myogenic heart
52.Pace Setter
53.Bundle of His
54.Purkinje fibres
55.Bradycardia
56.Tachycardia
57.Blue baby
58.Heart rate
59.Epinephrine
60.Nor epinephrine
61.Grave yard of RBC
62.Cords of Billroth
63.Diapedesis
64.Heart murmur
65.ESR
66.Hepatic portal vein
67.Artery
68.Veins
69.Erythroblasts
70.Erythropoiesis
71.Erythropoetin
72.Lymph glands
73.Spleen
74.Classical blood groups
75.Rh antigen
76.Antigen
77.Antibody
78.Blood clotting factors
79.Factor VIII
80.Factor IX
81.Haemophilia
82.Buffer of blood
83.Pulse beat
84.Tricuspid valve
85.Bicuspid valve
86.Maximum heart beat
87.RBC – WBC ratio
88.Wall of vein
89.Endothelium
90.Conduction of heart beat
Contraction originate from nerve ganglions present on heart
Insect heart
Contraction originate from the muscle ( pace makers – SA and AV
Nodes ) present on the heart
- Vertebrate heart
AV node
Conducting fibres between SA and AV nodes
Conducting fibres from Bundle of His to ventricle
Slow heart rate - 60 / minute
Increased heart rate – Above 72 / minute]
Baby born with atrial or ventricular defect – Blue in colour due to venous
blood
More in old persons due to decreased elasticity of arteries
Increases heart beat – Tachycardia
Decreases heart rate – Bradycardia
Spleen – destroy used RBC after 120 days
Blood spaces of Spleen
Amoeboid movement of WBC through blood capillary
Sound of heart due to defective valve
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate – Test to detect disease – Normal
value 30. Increases in infections like T.B
Gastric + Intestinal + Splenic veins
Thick wall , Elastic , Contractile ,no valves
Thin wall ,Non elastic ,Non contractile , Valved
Mother cells of RBC – Present in bone marrow – nucleated
Formation of RBC – Folic acid , Iron essential –Occurs in red bone
marrow of ribs , vertebrae , long bones
Hormone stimulating RBC formation
Rich in WBC – destroy pathogens
Lymph gland – filter dead RBC from blood
A,B,AB,O system – Introduced by Karl Landsteiner – 1900
Rhesus Factor – Identified in Rhesus macaca by Landsteiner
and Weiner – 90 % people Rh positive – 10 % Rh negative
Mismatching causes Erythroblastosis foetalis – No natural antibody for
Rh antigen in the blood - Antibody develop by Isoimmunization when Rh
Positive blood is transfused in to Rh negative blood. Takes six months
Also called agglutinogen
Also called agglutinin
12 numbers
Anti haemophilic factor – AHF – absence causes Haemophilia A
Absence causes Haemophilia B
Royal disease ( found out in the family of queen Victoria ) Bleeders
disease.Genotype – Hh / Hh Females are carriers – h / h male
haemophilic – Male is Hemizygous – only one gene for haemophilia
is sufficient to produce disease since male has only one X chromosome
NaHCO3 –sodium bi carbonate
Beat felt in arteries
Found between right auricle and right ventricle
Also called Mitral valve – between left auricle and ventricle
Mouse
600 : 1
Tunica media
Inner lining of blood capillary
SA node – AV node – Bundle of His – Purkinje system – Ventricle
91.Blood vessel to diaphragm
92.Blood vessel to brain
93.Largest heart
94.Heart transplantation
Phernic
Carotid artery
Elephant
Christian Bernard