Download Biol 221 Worksheet Digestive System I. Functions List four functions

Biol 221 Worksheet
Digestive System
I. Functions
List four functions of the digestive system in the approximate order
in which they occur:
1. ____________________________________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________________________________
List the two specific types of digestion carried out in the human
digestive tract
1. __________________________________________
2. __________________________________________
Based on digestive anatomy, humans are _______________________
(herbivores/omnivores/carnivores).
II. Organization of the Digestive System
List the organs that belong to the alimentary canal/digestive
tract/gastrointestinal tract:
1. __________________________________
2. __________________________________
3. __________________________________
4. __________________________________
5. __________________________________
6. __________________________________
List the accessory digestive organs:
1. __________________________________
2. __________________________________
3. __________________________________
4. __________________________________
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III. Layers in the Wall of Organs in the Alimentary Canal
List the four layers in the wall of digestive organs found in the
alimentary canal, give their location, and their function(s):
Layer
Relative location
Function(s)
The ___________________ (circular/longitudinal) layer of the muscularis
narrows the diameter of the lumen; the ___________________
(circular/longitudinal) layer of the muscularis widens the diameter
of the lumen.
What is the name of the outer layer of a hollow digestive organ when
the organ is not found in the ventral body cavity?
_______________________________
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IV. Organs of the Alimentary Canal
Match the descriptions/functions to the correct digestive structure.
___________mouth
___________incisors
___________canine teeth
___________molars
___________deciduous teeth
___________vestibule
___________frenulum
___________pharynx
___________esophagus
___________stomach
___________chyme
___________bolus
___________duodenum
___________ileum
___________small intestine
___________large intestine
___________external anal
sphincter
d. between laryngopharynx &
stomach
e. site of ingestion
f. site of temporary storage
g. passageway for swallowing
food & beverages
h. mixture that enters
stomach
i. grind food
j. receives pancreatic juice
k. space between teeth &
lips/cheeks
l. protein digestion begins
here
m. carbohydrate digestion
begins here
n. used for tearing & grasping
food
o. lipid digestion begins here
p. milky mixture of gastric
juices & food boli
q. nucleic acid digestion
begins here
r. voluntarily controlled
s. fold of mucous membrane
for attachment
t. location of most nutrient
absorption
u. empties into colon of large
intestine
v. for biting off pieces of food
w. contains large numbers of
bacteria
a. receives bile from liver
b. these fall out and are
replaced
c. site of mechanical &
chemical digestion
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V. Wall Modifications
Complete the following table:
Modification to Wall of
Digestive Organ
Located in which
Organ?
Villi
Rugae
Haustra
Parietal Cells
Oblique Layer in
Muscularis
Circular folds/Plicae
Circulares
Taenia Coli
Chief Cells
Microvilli
G Cells
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Function(s)
VI. Movements in the Alimentary Canal
Match the descriptions to the correct type of movement.
___________segmentation
___________reverse peristalsis
___________haustral contractions
___________peristalsis
___________mass movements
a. results in vomiting
b. primary propulsion for
most digestive organs
c. localized movement in
small intestine
d. occurs only in large
intestine
e. mixes & pushes chyme
against wall of organ
f. pouch-to-pouch movement
g. wave-like contraction of
circular & longitudinal
muscle fibers in normal
direction
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VII. Accessory Organs of Digestion
Match the description or characteristics in the right column to the
correct digestive structure in the left column.
___________gall bladder
___________salivary glands
___________bile
___________pancreas
___________liver
___________secretin
___________cholecystikinin
___________pancreatic
secretions
a. secretes bile
b. relaxes hepatopancreatic
sphincter
c. muscular sac
d. endocrine gland
e. stimulates bile production
f. emulsifies lipids (fats)
g. exocrine gland
h. stimulates gall bladder
contractions
i. enter(s) duodenum
through hepatopancreatic
sphincter
j. stores & concentrates bile
k. secretes digestive enzymes
& buffer
l. secreted by duodenum
m. raises pH of duodenum to
pH of about 8
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