Cognitive Concepts of Craving - CE
... approaches consider craving the product of higher order mental functions. Thus, from the cognitive perspective, craving is not a primitive motivational state but a complex, multidimensional process that reflects how AOD-relevant information controls an addict’s behavior. Furthermore, cognitive model ...
... approaches consider craving the product of higher order mental functions. Thus, from the cognitive perspective, craving is not a primitive motivational state but a complex, multidimensional process that reflects how AOD-relevant information controls an addict’s behavior. Furthermore, cognitive model ...
- Sydney Symposium of Social Psychology
... ample evidence that people can evaluate events as having positive and negative implications for membership groups even when they believe they are personally untouched. For example, people often report that their group is discriminated against, even while feeling that they personally are not (Taylor, ...
... ample evidence that people can evaluate events as having positive and negative implications for membership groups even when they believe they are personally untouched. For example, people often report that their group is discriminated against, even while feeling that they personally are not (Taylor, ...
guidelines for depicting emotions in storyboard
... et al., 2006). Emotion makes the design scenario less ambiguous and more convincing, and increases the likelihood that the readers will adopt and support the designer’s point of view (Clark and Mills, 1979). Despite the value of communicating emotion in storyboarding, the design community lacks reso ...
... et al., 2006). Emotion makes the design scenario less ambiguous and more convincing, and increases the likelihood that the readers will adopt and support the designer’s point of view (Clark and Mills, 1979). Despite the value of communicating emotion in storyboarding, the design community lacks reso ...
An investigation of ethnocentrism, its elements, factors affecting its
... stubbornly resist the notion that there is anything about themselves that they don't already know. (Hall, 1976, p. 136) ...
... stubbornly resist the notion that there is anything about themselves that they don't already know. (Hall, 1976, p. 136) ...
Adaptive capacity and human cognition
... function of their access to resources’. Some scholars have noted that the influence of resources is not in terms of expanding options but rather operates through access to information (Phillips, 2003), while others suggest that resources alone are of questionable importance (Patt and Gwata, 2002). Ag ...
... function of their access to resources’. Some scholars have noted that the influence of resources is not in terms of expanding options but rather operates through access to information (Phillips, 2003), while others suggest that resources alone are of questionable importance (Patt and Gwata, 2002). Ag ...
Paranoid Beliefs and Self-Criticism in Students
... population. The 20 items assess a range of symptoms, such as feelings of guilt, sleep disturbance and depressed mood. The responses are given on a 4-point Likert scale, describing feelings over the past week. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores representing a more depressed mood. Radloff ( ...
... population. The 20 items assess a range of symptoms, such as feelings of guilt, sleep disturbance and depressed mood. The responses are given on a 4-point Likert scale, describing feelings over the past week. Scores range from 0 to 60, with higher scores representing a more depressed mood. Radloff ( ...
relationship between
... should be focused on this organizational factor and conduct it on the correct way (Mohammad, Quoquab Habib, & Alias, 2011). In general, there are two main reasons that explained why should be concerned about job satisfaction. The first one is workplaces (managers, supervisors etc.) that have a moral ...
... should be focused on this organizational factor and conduct it on the correct way (Mohammad, Quoquab Habib, & Alias, 2011). In general, there are two main reasons that explained why should be concerned about job satisfaction. The first one is workplaces (managers, supervisors etc.) that have a moral ...
Belief and Feeling: Evidence for an Accessibility Model
... quickly with the passage of time. In this respect, emotion-related memory is no different from other forms of memory (Eich & Schooler, 2000). With every moment that elapses between an event and its later recall, a predictable loss of detail occurs (for reviews, see Conway & Pleydell-Pearce, 2000; Ru ...
... quickly with the passage of time. In this respect, emotion-related memory is no different from other forms of memory (Eich & Schooler, 2000). With every moment that elapses between an event and its later recall, a predictable loss of detail occurs (for reviews, see Conway & Pleydell-Pearce, 2000; Ru ...
environmental violence, liberalism, and responsibility
... from several philosophical traditions, of which I am interested in emphasizing the theories of virtue and existentialism. The proponents of virtue, following the Aristotelian ethic, maintain that we can be responsible for our characters because emotions are essential in the moral world; first, becau ...
... from several philosophical traditions, of which I am interested in emphasizing the theories of virtue and existentialism. The proponents of virtue, following the Aristotelian ethic, maintain that we can be responsible for our characters because emotions are essential in the moral world; first, becau ...
an opponent-process theory of motivation: i. temporal
... A new theory of motivation is described along with its applications to addiction and aversion. The theory assumes that many hedonic, affective, or emotional states are automatically opposed by central nervous system mechanisms which reduce the intensity of hedonic feelings, both pleasant and aversiv ...
... A new theory of motivation is described along with its applications to addiction and aversion. The theory assumes that many hedonic, affective, or emotional states are automatically opposed by central nervous system mechanisms which reduce the intensity of hedonic feelings, both pleasant and aversiv ...
Entrepreneurial Potential and Potential Entrepreneurs
... invaluable to understanding intentions toward planned, intentional behaviors like entrepreneurship. On the other hand, intentions models assume that the target behavior is salient in the decision maker's mind. Even if there is significant potential to perform a behavior, there need not be any intent ...
... invaluable to understanding intentions toward planned, intentional behaviors like entrepreneurship. On the other hand, intentions models assume that the target behavior is salient in the decision maker's mind. Even if there is significant potential to perform a behavior, there need not be any intent ...
Reply to Fumerton, Huemer, and McGrath
... typically leads to belief. We tend to believe our eyes, and when we do, the cognitive roles of experience are a subset of the cognitive roles of beliefs. Like beliefs, experiences provide input to the reasoning (including action plans) that we actually go through – whether that reasoning conforms to ...
... typically leads to belief. We tend to believe our eyes, and when we do, the cognitive roles of experience are a subset of the cognitive roles of beliefs. Like beliefs, experiences provide input to the reasoning (including action plans) that we actually go through – whether that reasoning conforms to ...
PDF hosted at the Radboud Repository of the Radboud University
... outcome. Second, recent research also suggests that directly influencing the strength of the cognitive biases in so-called cognitive bias modification procedures may provide an additional aspect of the treatment of problematic substance use. Third, the diagnostic and treatment process could also tar ...
... outcome. Second, recent research also suggests that directly influencing the strength of the cognitive biases in so-called cognitive bias modification procedures may provide an additional aspect of the treatment of problematic substance use. Third, the diagnostic and treatment process could also tar ...
introduction to learning theories
... reliability, that is, they must yield consistent scores. They must also have validity. In other words, an operational definition must measure what it purports to measure. For example, a reading test must be distinguishable from a general intelligence test to be valid. Explaining Learning: Explaining ...
... reliability, that is, they must yield consistent scores. They must also have validity. In other words, an operational definition must measure what it purports to measure. For example, a reading test must be distinguishable from a general intelligence test to be valid. Explaining Learning: Explaining ...
Evaluating social work students` attitudes toward physical disability
... 1966) and Interactions with Disabled Persons Scale (Gething, 1991)?” It explored the following hypotheses, that participants who: 1) have had prior positive contact with persons with physical disabilities; 2) have higher perceived levels of knowledge about issues affecting persons with physical disa ...
... 1966) and Interactions with Disabled Persons Scale (Gething, 1991)?” It explored the following hypotheses, that participants who: 1) have had prior positive contact with persons with physical disabilities; 2) have higher perceived levels of knowledge about issues affecting persons with physical disa ...
Text - Enlighten - University of Glasgow
... other’ and have impacted socially, culturally and emotionally on the lives of many migrants. The notion of encounter has recently reinvigorated academic discussions on multiculture, social diversity and the challenge of how to ‘live with difference’ (e.g. Hemming, 2011; Koefoed and Simonsen, 2011, ...
... other’ and have impacted socially, culturally and emotionally on the lives of many migrants. The notion of encounter has recently reinvigorated academic discussions on multiculture, social diversity and the challenge of how to ‘live with difference’ (e.g. Hemming, 2011; Koefoed and Simonsen, 2011, ...
RESEARCH: Their Meaning and Use
... Despite incredible activity, research concerning implicit measures has been surprisingly atheoretical. It largely has been a methodological, empirically driven enterprise. In this review we offer a few observations about issues that have arisen as this area of research has developed. However, reader ...
... Despite incredible activity, research concerning implicit measures has been surprisingly atheoretical. It largely has been a methodological, empirically driven enterprise. In this review we offer a few observations about issues that have arisen as this area of research has developed. However, reader ...
of hoarding features
... they were deciding about other people items. But when faced they were faced with their own items, these areas of the brain showed much higher rates of signaling than those in either people with OCD or the healthy controls. ...
... they were deciding about other people items. But when faced they were faced with their own items, these areas of the brain showed much higher rates of signaling than those in either people with OCD or the healthy controls. ...
Moral Satisficing: Rethinking Moral Behavior as Bounded Rationality
... For instance, Gary Becker tells the story that he began to think about crime in the 1960s after he was late for an oral examination and had to decide whether to put his car in a parking lot or risk getting a ticket for parking illegally on the street. ‘‘I calculated the likelihood of getting a ticke ...
... For instance, Gary Becker tells the story that he began to think about crime in the 1960s after he was late for an oral examination and had to decide whether to put his car in a parking lot or risk getting a ticket for parking illegally on the street. ‘‘I calculated the likelihood of getting a ticke ...
Moral Satisficing: Rethinking Moral Behavior as Bounded Rationality
... For instance, Gary Becker tells the story that he began to think about crime in the 1960s after he was late for an oral examination and had to decide whether to put his car in a parking lot or risk getting a ticket for parking illegally on the street. ‘‘I calculated the likelihood of getting a ticke ...
... For instance, Gary Becker tells the story that he began to think about crime in the 1960s after he was late for an oral examination and had to decide whether to put his car in a parking lot or risk getting a ticket for parking illegally on the street. ‘‘I calculated the likelihood of getting a ticke ...
Consequences of Behavior
... Individuals learn by observing what happens to other people, being told about something, as well as by direct experiences. People use these observations to create a “model” in their own mind of what is occuring. OB_UG_2002 GSM ...
... Individuals learn by observing what happens to other people, being told about something, as well as by direct experiences. People use these observations to create a “model” in their own mind of what is occuring. OB_UG_2002 GSM ...
Would Jesse Jackson `Fail` the Implicit Association Test?
... associative measures does not merely reflect culturally shared associations that might arise in any society with widespread inequality. First, one must show that the affective negativity is functionally intertwined with beliefs that indiscriminately attribute negative qualities to group members. Sec ...
... associative measures does not merely reflect culturally shared associations that might arise in any society with widespread inequality. First, one must show that the affective negativity is functionally intertwined with beliefs that indiscriminately attribute negative qualities to group members. Sec ...
In Search of a Theoretical Structure for Understanding Motivation in
... else they may have little incentive or motivation to take on tasks. Understanding that people with schizophrenia must believe they will be successful if they are to become motivated is only a first step; we also need to consider if it is possible to change expectations of competency. The articles by ...
... else they may have little incentive or motivation to take on tasks. Understanding that people with schizophrenia must believe they will be successful if they are to become motivated is only a first step; we also need to consider if it is possible to change expectations of competency. The articles by ...
Egocentric Ethics - Psychology of Belief and Judgment
... ethical conclusions. Such self-interested ethics often do not feel subjective, and are therefore perceived to be relatively objective. Consider the recent dispute, for example, over ownership of Barry Bonds’s record-setting 73rd home run baseball (Watercutter, 2002). The ball was hit deep into the r ...
... ethical conclusions. Such self-interested ethics often do not feel subjective, and are therefore perceived to be relatively objective. Consider the recent dispute, for example, over ownership of Barry Bonds’s record-setting 73rd home run baseball (Watercutter, 2002). The ball was hit deep into the r ...
Effects of Involvement on Persuasion
... The opposite prediction about involvement's effects was generated by Zimbardo (1960)within a cognitive dissonance framework. Following Festinger's (1957) claim that the magnitude of the dissonance created by the juxtaposition of inconsistent cognitive elements increases with the importance of the de ...
... The opposite prediction about involvement's effects was generated by Zimbardo (1960)within a cognitive dissonance framework. Following Festinger's (1957) claim that the magnitude of the dissonance created by the juxtaposition of inconsistent cognitive elements increases with the importance of the de ...
Attitude change
Attitudes are associated beliefs and behaviors towards some object. They are not stable, and because of the communication and behavior of other people, are subject to change by social influences, as well as by the individual's motivation to maintain cognitive consistency when cognitive dissonance occurs--when two attitudes or attitude and behavior conflict. Attitudes and attitude objects are functions of affective and cognitive components. It has been suggested that the inter-structural composition of an associative network can be altered by the activation of a single node. Thus, by activating an affective or emotional node, attitude change may be possible, though affective and cognitive components tend to be intertwined.