Promega Notes: T4 RNA Ligase: A Molecular Tool for RNA and DNA
... T4 RNA ligase is predominantly useful for joining RNA to RNA. As stated above, both a 5´-PO4-bearing donor and a 3´-OH-bearing acceptor are required. DNA may also serve as a donor, but is a poor acceptor (4). T4 RNA ligase can join DNA to DNA, mainly in an intramolecular reaction, but with very low ...
... T4 RNA ligase is predominantly useful for joining RNA to RNA. As stated above, both a 5´-PO4-bearing donor and a 3´-OH-bearing acceptor are required. DNA may also serve as a donor, but is a poor acceptor (4). T4 RNA ligase can join DNA to DNA, mainly in an intramolecular reaction, but with very low ...
Supplement Figures
... In this paper we used the tRNA adaptation index (tAI) developed by dos Reis [2] as an approximation for the codon translation speed. The tAI index was developed mainly based on optimizing the translation efficiency of highly express genes. Two recent papers [15, 16] used evolutionary selection for t ...
... In this paper we used the tRNA adaptation index (tAI) developed by dos Reis [2] as an approximation for the codon translation speed. The tAI index was developed mainly based on optimizing the translation efficiency of highly express genes. Two recent papers [15, 16] used evolutionary selection for t ...
Targeted gene inactivation in Clostridium phytofermentans shows
... genome differs from other cellulolytic clostridia in encoding only a single family 9 glycoside hydrolase, Cphy3367. In this study, we disrupted the cphy3367 gene with a targeted group II intron, which was delivered into C. phytofermentans by conjugation with E. coli. Inactivation of cphy3367 resulte ...
... genome differs from other cellulolytic clostridia in encoding only a single family 9 glycoside hydrolase, Cphy3367. In this study, we disrupted the cphy3367 gene with a targeted group II intron, which was delivered into C. phytofermentans by conjugation with E. coli. Inactivation of cphy3367 resulte ...
The UCSC Known Genes
... 74 290 entries. Each Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL protein may cross-reference multiple mRNAs as its supporting evidence. We tried to pick the best mRNA among all those referenced as the representative mRNA and designate it as a Known Gene. The protein and mRNA sequences in each protein–mRNA pair are aligned us ...
... 74 290 entries. Each Swiss-Prot/TrEMBL protein may cross-reference multiple mRNAs as its supporting evidence. We tried to pick the best mRNA among all those referenced as the representative mRNA and designate it as a Known Gene. The protein and mRNA sequences in each protein–mRNA pair are aligned us ...
PcGs and Hox genes - Development
... acquisition of some kind of mark by Hox genes that are initially repressed. This mark, sometimes referred to as a cellular memory, both confers transcriptional repression and is faithfully propagated each time a silenced gene replicates and the cell divides. Neither the nature of the mark, nor the m ...
... acquisition of some kind of mark by Hox genes that are initially repressed. This mark, sometimes referred to as a cellular memory, both confers transcriptional repression and is faithfully propagated each time a silenced gene replicates and the cell divides. Neither the nature of the mark, nor the m ...
H4K20me1 Contributes to Downregulation of X
... In C. elegans, dosage compensation downregulates genes on the X chromosome. We therefore examined the pattern of H4K20me1 with respect to gene features. As seen previously in early embryos and L3 larvae [15], H4K20me1 is enriched across active gene regions at all developmental stages examined, with ...
... In C. elegans, dosage compensation downregulates genes on the X chromosome. We therefore examined the pattern of H4K20me1 with respect to gene features. As seen previously in early embryos and L3 larvae [15], H4K20me1 is enriched across active gene regions at all developmental stages examined, with ...
Evolution on the X chromosome: unusual patterns and processes
... systems, such as those of mammals and Drosophila species. The emphasis is on recent molecular evolutionary, genomic and gene-expression studies, especially as the whole-genome analysis of several Drosophila2 and mammalian3 species has provided estimates of divergence rates for both coding and non-co ...
... systems, such as those of mammals and Drosophila species. The emphasis is on recent molecular evolutionary, genomic and gene-expression studies, especially as the whole-genome analysis of several Drosophila2 and mammalian3 species has provided estimates of divergence rates for both coding and non-co ...
Chromosome_Mutations_Tutorial_2015
... As you learn about different sex chromosome trisomy and monosomy syndromes, you will notice their symptoms are relatively mild despite the gain or loss of an entire sex chromosome. Extra X chromosomes (in a female or a male) will be deactivated so there is always a single working X in the cell. In a ...
... As you learn about different sex chromosome trisomy and monosomy syndromes, you will notice their symptoms are relatively mild despite the gain or loss of an entire sex chromosome. Extra X chromosomes (in a female or a male) will be deactivated so there is always a single working X in the cell. In a ...
A Molecularly Defined Duplication Set for the X Chromosome of
... transformants where possible. Individual balanced G1 transformed flies were backcrossed to w1118; TM2/TM6C,Sb. A single G2 male was backcrossed to w1118; TM2/TM6C,Sb, and a sibling was used for PCR confirmation of proper integration. Sometimes, transgenic progeny were obtained from a female injected ...
... transformants where possible. Individual balanced G1 transformed flies were backcrossed to w1118; TM2/TM6C,Sb. A single G2 male was backcrossed to w1118; TM2/TM6C,Sb, and a sibling was used for PCR confirmation of proper integration. Sometimes, transgenic progeny were obtained from a female injected ...
Construction of consecutive deletions of the Escherichia
... translocation, and lipid synthesis were well conserved, whereas those involved in cell wall and membrane synthesis were not (Supplementary Table II), which may reflect structural differences in the cell wall and membrane. In our study, 50 chromosome regions were moved to a mini-F plasmid using the F ...
... translocation, and lipid synthesis were well conserved, whereas those involved in cell wall and membrane synthesis were not (Supplementary Table II), which may reflect structural differences in the cell wall and membrane. In our study, 50 chromosome regions were moved to a mini-F plasmid using the F ...
Xdbx inhibits neurogenesis - Development
... high homology with the homeodomain region of the zebrafish hlx1 gene (Fig. 1B; Fjose et al., 1994), the only domain of hlx1 for which published sequence is available. In contrast to these extensive homologies, the homology between Xdbx and other members of the hlx class of homeodomain genes is speci ...
... high homology with the homeodomain region of the zebrafish hlx1 gene (Fig. 1B; Fjose et al., 1994), the only domain of hlx1 for which published sequence is available. In contrast to these extensive homologies, the homology between Xdbx and other members of the hlx class of homeodomain genes is speci ...
Alu - Environmental
... Alu elements • Alu elements are only found in the primate branch • Each Alu insertion is a unique event and is inherited from each parent • Most occurred millions of years ago and are often on both pairs of chromosomes • There are Alu elements that have occurred since humans branched from other pri ...
... Alu elements • Alu elements are only found in the primate branch • Each Alu insertion is a unique event and is inherited from each parent • Most occurred millions of years ago and are often on both pairs of chromosomes • There are Alu elements that have occurred since humans branched from other pri ...
Document
... two complete sets of chromosomes – Triploidy (3n) is three sets of chromosomes – Tetraploidy (4n) is four sets of chromosomes • polyploidy is common in plants - but not animals • polyploids are more normal in appearance than aneuploids • large-scale chromosomal alterations in humans and other mammal ...
... two complete sets of chromosomes – Triploidy (3n) is three sets of chromosomes – Tetraploidy (4n) is four sets of chromosomes • polyploidy is common in plants - but not animals • polyploids are more normal in appearance than aneuploids • large-scale chromosomal alterations in humans and other mammal ...
Gene Section MINA (MYC induced nuclear antigen) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... binds to and represses the IL4 promoter. MINA overexpression in transgenic mice impaired IL4 expression, whereas its knockdown in primary CD4(+) T cells led to IL4 de-repression. Therefore MINA controls helper T cell differentiation through an IL4regulatory pathway (Okamoto et al,. 2009). These find ...
... binds to and represses the IL4 promoter. MINA overexpression in transgenic mice impaired IL4 expression, whereas its knockdown in primary CD4(+) T cells led to IL4 de-repression. Therefore MINA controls helper T cell differentiation through an IL4regulatory pathway (Okamoto et al,. 2009). These find ...
A Maize Glutaredoxin Gene, Abphyl2, Regulates
... Fletcher et al., 1999). The KNOX genes (e.g., SHOOTMERISTEMLESS in Arabidopsis thaliana and KNOTTED1 in maize [Zea mays]) are predominantly expressed throughout the SAM, except in incipient leaf primordia (Jackson et al., 1994; Long et al., 1996). Mutations in KNOX genes lead to smaller or terminate ...
... Fletcher et al., 1999). The KNOX genes (e.g., SHOOTMERISTEMLESS in Arabidopsis thaliana and KNOTTED1 in maize [Zea mays]) are predominantly expressed throughout the SAM, except in incipient leaf primordia (Jackson et al., 1994; Long et al., 1996). Mutations in KNOX genes lead to smaller or terminate ...
POSITION-EFFECT VARIEGATION AT SEVERAL
... 2 Supported in part by U S . Public Health Service Grant RG-7428 and by a traineeship from the Public Health Service Training Grant 2G-150. ...
... 2 Supported in part by U S . Public Health Service Grant RG-7428 and by a traineeship from the Public Health Service Training Grant 2G-150. ...
Leukaemia Section t(2;3)(p16;q26) BCL11A/MECOM Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
... Other subsets involve other genes, such as THADA in the t(2;3)(p21;q26) THADA/MECOM. ...
... Other subsets involve other genes, such as THADA in the t(2;3)(p21;q26) THADA/MECOM. ...
The trp Operon
... e. The pony beads represent the ribosomes which are the cell organelles where the synthesis of the enzymes would occur. Simulate the action of the ribosomes (represented by the pony beads) by threading the yarn through the pony bead. Place the colored pieces of yarn below the matching colored gene o ...
... e. The pony beads represent the ribosomes which are the cell organelles where the synthesis of the enzymes would occur. Simulate the action of the ribosomes (represented by the pony beads) by threading the yarn through the pony bead. Place the colored pieces of yarn below the matching colored gene o ...
1 Haploinsufficient loss of multiple 5q genes may
... statistically enriched in the PID β-catenin nuclear pathway, KEGG Wnt signaling pathway, and/or BIOCARTA GSK3 pathway (FDR<0.002). Moreover, CTNNA1, HDAC3, SMAD5, and the PCDHG@ cluster genes on 5q have also been implicated as regulators of the Wnt signaling pathway. All of these genes are expressed ...
... statistically enriched in the PID β-catenin nuclear pathway, KEGG Wnt signaling pathway, and/or BIOCARTA GSK3 pathway (FDR<0.002). Moreover, CTNNA1, HDAC3, SMAD5, and the PCDHG@ cluster genes on 5q have also been implicated as regulators of the Wnt signaling pathway. All of these genes are expressed ...
Profiling genes expressed in human fetal cartilage using 13,155
... non-redundant Genbank/EMBL/DDBJ and dbEST databases using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) algorithm9. A minimum value of P⫽10⫺10 and nucleotide sequence identity >95% were required for assignment of putative identities for the ESTs. Known gene matches are the ones matching either well- ...
... non-redundant Genbank/EMBL/DDBJ and dbEST databases using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) algorithm9. A minimum value of P⫽10⫺10 and nucleotide sequence identity >95% were required for assignment of putative identities for the ESTs. Known gene matches are the ones matching either well- ...