Involvement of Pax6 and Otx2 in the forebrain
... Received for publication 29 January 2004, accepted 29 January 2004 ...
... Received for publication 29 January 2004, accepted 29 January 2004 ...
Transcripts of the MHM region on the chicken Z chromosome
... mammalian Y chromosome which triggers the differentiation of testis (Sinclair et al. 1990, Gubbay et al. 1990 ), or the single dose of a gene on the Z chromosome may be important for triggering female development, on the assumption that a dosage compensation mechanism does not operate in birds (Nand ...
... mammalian Y chromosome which triggers the differentiation of testis (Sinclair et al. 1990, Gubbay et al. 1990 ), or the single dose of a gene on the Z chromosome may be important for triggering female development, on the assumption that a dosage compensation mechanism does not operate in birds (Nand ...
Gene silencing in mammalian cells and the spread of DNA
... occurs at extremely low levels in the fly (Gowher et al., 2000; Lyko et al., 2000) and thus is unlikely to be involved in gene repression. This suggests that allelic battles for expression can occur in the absence of DNA methylation, and by extension that chromatin modifications play the central rol ...
... occurs at extremely low levels in the fly (Gowher et al., 2000; Lyko et al., 2000) and thus is unlikely to be involved in gene repression. This suggests that allelic battles for expression can occur in the absence of DNA methylation, and by extension that chromatin modifications play the central rol ...
NIH Public Access
... specifically removes 5-methylcytosine from DNA [5••,18]. DNA glycosylases are repair enzymes that initiate the base excision repair by removing damaged or mismatched bases [19]. DNA glycosylase activity of DME is required for removal of cytosine methylation both in vivo and in vitro [5••,20]. Only t ...
... specifically removes 5-methylcytosine from DNA [5••,18]. DNA glycosylases are repair enzymes that initiate the base excision repair by removing damaged or mismatched bases [19]. DNA glycosylase activity of DME is required for removal of cytosine methylation both in vivo and in vitro [5••,20]. Only t ...
Solving Even-Parity Problems using Multi Expression Programming
... and even-4 parity problems using a population of 4000 individuals [3]. The cumulative probability of success was 100% for the even-3-parity problem and 42% for the even-4-parity problem [3]. A perfect comparison between MEP and GP cannot be made due to the incompatibility of the respective represent ...
... and even-4 parity problems using a population of 4000 individuals [3]. The cumulative probability of success was 100% for the even-3-parity problem and 42% for the even-4-parity problem [3]. A perfect comparison between MEP and GP cannot be made due to the incompatibility of the respective represent ...
Sequence of the Tribolium castaneum Homeotic Complex
... axis. Multiple Hox clusters have been described for several vertebrates including mice (Graham et al. 1989), humans (Acampora et al. 1989), and fish (Kim et al. 2000). In contrast, single Hox clusters have been identified in a number of invertebrates including amphioxus (Garcia-Fernàndez and Hollan ...
... axis. Multiple Hox clusters have been described for several vertebrates including mice (Graham et al. 1989), humans (Acampora et al. 1989), and fish (Kim et al. 2000). In contrast, single Hox clusters have been identified in a number of invertebrates including amphioxus (Garcia-Fernàndez and Hollan ...
RNA Amplification and cDNA Synthesis for qRT
... by a MessageBOOSTER Kit reaction from five cells (CT = 19) and from a single cell (CT = 22). The cDNA-from-cells and the No-RT control produced only nonspecific signals, as determined by the melting curve analysis in Fig. 2B. The melting temperature of the nonspecific products was significantly diff ...
... by a MessageBOOSTER Kit reaction from five cells (CT = 19) and from a single cell (CT = 22). The cDNA-from-cells and the No-RT control produced only nonspecific signals, as determined by the melting curve analysis in Fig. 2B. The melting temperature of the nonspecific products was significantly diff ...
POTE Paralogs Are Induced and Differentially Expressed in Many
... conditions used are initial denaturation at 94jC for 1 minute, 30 cycles of denaturation at 94jC for 1 minute, annealing at 65jC for 1 minute, and elongation at 72jC for 2 minutes. The PCR primers used were T444 and T445 that should give a 386-bp fragment. Cloning and analysis of PCR product. The PC ...
... conditions used are initial denaturation at 94jC for 1 minute, 30 cycles of denaturation at 94jC for 1 minute, annealing at 65jC for 1 minute, and elongation at 72jC for 2 minutes. The PCR primers used were T444 and T445 that should give a 386-bp fragment. Cloning and analysis of PCR product. The PC ...
Gene Section SIX1 (sine oculis homeobox homolog 1) (mammalian)
... located in Contig AL049874.3.1.193047. The transcript can be detected in a variety of tissues during mouse development (see below for protein expression) and this has also been confirmed at the protein level (using reporter genes). The transcript is further detected throughout normal mouse mammary g ...
... located in Contig AL049874.3.1.193047. The transcript can be detected in a variety of tissues during mouse development (see below for protein expression) and this has also been confirmed at the protein level (using reporter genes). The transcript is further detected throughout normal mouse mammary g ...
Interaction of a GATA factor with cis-acting elements involved in light
... Transcription is the primary step at which light regulates gene expression in plants [1,2]. Analyses of promoter regions of several light-inducible genes, such as RBCS, LHCB, and CHS, have identified a number of cis-acting elements that are essential for light responsiveness. In the RBCS gene family, ...
... Transcription is the primary step at which light regulates gene expression in plants [1,2]. Analyses of promoter regions of several light-inducible genes, such as RBCS, LHCB, and CHS, have identified a number of cis-acting elements that are essential for light responsiveness. In the RBCS gene family, ...
A statistical framework for genome
... in SNP data. Pathway-based analyses can weaken the negative effects of perturbations not associated with the trait of interest by inferring association from sets of biologically related genes therefore it can produce more consistent results across different studies. Fourth, it significantly facilita ...
... in SNP data. Pathway-based analyses can weaken the negative effects of perturbations not associated with the trait of interest by inferring association from sets of biologically related genes therefore it can produce more consistent results across different studies. Fourth, it significantly facilita ...
Characterization of the amino acid response element within the
... Among these genes are those that contain AAREs (AAR elements) that mediate the enhanced transcription (reviewed in [11]), and function as enhancer elements [12,13]. AARE-binding proteins have only been reported for two genes, ASNS (asparagine synthetase) and CHOP [C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancerbinding protei ...
... Among these genes are those that contain AAREs (AAR elements) that mediate the enhanced transcription (reviewed in [11]), and function as enhancer elements [12,13]. AARE-binding proteins have only been reported for two genes, ASNS (asparagine synthetase) and CHOP [C/EBP (CCAAT/enhancerbinding protei ...
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... genes (as is clear from the normal phenotype of heterozygotes for null mutations and even deletions). I suggest that loss of active genes from the Y may proceed for some time until one is reached that has an immediate deleterious dosage effect, when there is rapid selection for incorporation of the ...
... genes (as is clear from the normal phenotype of heterozygotes for null mutations and even deletions). I suggest that loss of active genes from the Y may proceed for some time until one is reached that has an immediate deleterious dosage effect, when there is rapid selection for incorporation of the ...
chapter 15
... (vg), and eye color (cn). The recombination frequency between cn and b is 9%. The recombination frequency between cn and vg is 9.5%. The recombination frequency between b and vg is 17%. The only possible arrangement of these three genes places the eye color gene between the other two. Stur ...
... (vg), and eye color (cn). The recombination frequency between cn and b is 9%. The recombination frequency between cn and vg is 9.5%. The recombination frequency between b and vg is 17%. The only possible arrangement of these three genes places the eye color gene between the other two. Stur ...
Statistical analysis of DNA microarray data
... • Which genes to use for normalization • Housekeeping genes • Genes involved in essential activities of cell maintenance and survival, but not in cell function and proliferation • These genes will be similarly expressed in all samples. • Difficult to identify – need to be confirmed • Affymetrix Gene ...
... • Which genes to use for normalization • Housekeeping genes • Genes involved in essential activities of cell maintenance and survival, but not in cell function and proliferation • These genes will be similarly expressed in all samples. • Difficult to identify – need to be confirmed • Affymetrix Gene ...
Word file
... Undescended gonads in triple mutant XY embryos. SEM analysis of the genito-urinary system of E18.5 embryos. The left panel shows embryos of XX, and the right panel of XY genotype. Arrows indicate the position of gonads in each panel, narrow arrowheads indicate the uterus, and wide arrowhead the blad ...
... Undescended gonads in triple mutant XY embryos. SEM analysis of the genito-urinary system of E18.5 embryos. The left panel shows embryos of XX, and the right panel of XY genotype. Arrows indicate the position of gonads in each panel, narrow arrowheads indicate the uterus, and wide arrowhead the blad ...
BLSSpeller: exhaustive comparative discovery of
... what is expected by chance. Motifs are modeled as words (k-mers) over an alphabet that contains the four bases (ACGT) and (optionally) additional degenerate characters from the IUPAC alphabet (Cornish-Bowden, 1985). This degeneracy allows a motif to model a collection of binding sites. The algorithm ...
... what is expected by chance. Motifs are modeled as words (k-mers) over an alphabet that contains the four bases (ACGT) and (optionally) additional degenerate characters from the IUPAC alphabet (Cornish-Bowden, 1985). This degeneracy allows a motif to model a collection of binding sites. The algorithm ...
Conservation and Variation in Human and Common Chimpanzee
... AF259061– 63, AF260135– 6, and AF350005–19 (Table II). Sequences previously reported by us have the accession numbers AF259054 – 60 and AF260134 (35) (Table II). Sequences isolated from this study and reported by others are also shown in Table II; the “NM” prefix in the accession number denotes GenB ...
... AF259061– 63, AF260135– 6, and AF350005–19 (Table II). Sequences previously reported by us have the accession numbers AF259054 – 60 and AF260134 (35) (Table II). Sequences isolated from this study and reported by others are also shown in Table II; the “NM” prefix in the accession number denotes GenB ...
Regulation of Stage I1 of Sporulation in Bacillus subtilis
... The finding that the expression of sporulation operons is strikingly different in strains carrying two different mutations, apparently in spoOJ, will be considered later (Discussion). Eflects of mutations in spoIIA on spore formation, sporulation phenotype, the formation of alkaline phosphatase and ...
... The finding that the expression of sporulation operons is strikingly different in strains carrying two different mutations, apparently in spoOJ, will be considered later (Discussion). Eflects of mutations in spoIIA on spore formation, sporulation phenotype, the formation of alkaline phosphatase and ...
