Functional genomics of plant photosynthesis in
... The ability to transform both the nuclear and chloroplast genomes of Chlamydomonas has revolutionized the study of chloroplast biogenesis and the role of nuclear genes in chloroplast gene expression. Protein subunits of the photosynthetic complexes within the thylakoid membrane are encoded by both t ...
... The ability to transform both the nuclear and chloroplast genomes of Chlamydomonas has revolutionized the study of chloroplast biogenesis and the role of nuclear genes in chloroplast gene expression. Protein subunits of the photosynthetic complexes within the thylakoid membrane are encoded by both t ...
Salinity Response in Chloroplasts: Insights from Gene
... products, the enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, phytohormone regulation, and cell structure modulation [2]. Chloroplasts are organelles for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts also participate in many other important metabolic processes, including the biosynthesis of amino acids, vit ...
... products, the enhancement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, phytohormone regulation, and cell structure modulation [2]. Chloroplasts are organelles for photosynthesis. Chloroplasts also participate in many other important metabolic processes, including the biosynthesis of amino acids, vit ...
Chloroplast structure: from chlorophyll granules to supra
... our current knowledge of the structural and functional organization of thylakoid membranes. It starts by tracing the origins of the terms plastid, grana, stroma and chloroplasts to light microscopic studies of 19th century German botanists, and then describes how different types of electron microsco ...
... our current knowledge of the structural and functional organization of thylakoid membranes. It starts by tracing the origins of the terms plastid, grana, stroma and chloroplasts to light microscopic studies of 19th century German botanists, and then describes how different types of electron microsco ...
J-Domain Protein CDJ2 and HSP70B Are a Plastidic Chaperone
... cochaperones, of which the J-domain cochaperones represent an important class. J-domain cochaperones contain a highly conserved J-domain that is responsible for the interaction with Hsp70. In addition, these cochaperones contain domains typical for protein–protein interactions, such as zinc finger or ...
... cochaperones, of which the J-domain cochaperones represent an important class. J-domain cochaperones contain a highly conserved J-domain that is responsible for the interaction with Hsp70. In addition, these cochaperones contain domains typical for protein–protein interactions, such as zinc finger or ...
Plastid genes transcribed by the nucleus
... and Sugiura, 1999). NEP promoters consist of a conserved sequence block of about 15 nucleotides that contains a critical YRT motif located just upstream of the transcription initiation site. In addition, many NEP promoters contain a second conserved element of about 10 nucleotides located 10±20 nucl ...
... and Sugiura, 1999). NEP promoters consist of a conserved sequence block of about 15 nucleotides that contains a critical YRT motif located just upstream of the transcription initiation site. In addition, many NEP promoters contain a second conserved element of about 10 nucleotides located 10±20 nucl ...
Protein phosphorylation in chloroplasts – a survey of
... at putative tyrosine phosphorylated chloroplast proteins (Lu et al., 2015b). In a large-scale meta-analysis based on data available in PhosphAT, 27 published papers as well as unpublished in-house data from the Schulze laboratory were integrated into one dataset. With this combination, a surprising ...
... at putative tyrosine phosphorylated chloroplast proteins (Lu et al., 2015b). In a large-scale meta-analysis based on data available in PhosphAT, 27 published papers as well as unpublished in-house data from the Schulze laboratory were integrated into one dataset. With this combination, a surprising ...
Glycolysis Quiz
... 6. Where does glycolysis occur in the cell? (a) mitochondrial matrix (b) mitochondrial cristae (c) cytoplasm (d) chloroplast ...
... 6. Where does glycolysis occur in the cell? (a) mitochondrial matrix (b) mitochondrial cristae (c) cytoplasm (d) chloroplast ...
Arrested Differentiation of Proplastids into Chloroplasts in
... from the tip to the middle part of the FTL at 6 d. These data suggested that this is the stage where cells are destined to undergo normal chloroplast differentiation or a possible arrest of thylakoid development (feature 1, Fig. 6). Secondly, cells in green sectors form normal chloroplasts, but this ...
... from the tip to the middle part of the FTL at 6 d. These data suggested that this is the stage where cells are destined to undergo normal chloroplast differentiation or a possible arrest of thylakoid development (feature 1, Fig. 6). Secondly, cells in green sectors form normal chloroplasts, but this ...
Thylakoid biogenesis has joined the new era of bacterial cell biology
... membrane. In G. violaceus a clear separation of “orange” membrane fractions accumulating photosystem assembly factors and photosynthetically active “green” patches can be observed (Rexroth et al., 2011). Thus, cyanobacteria appear to have developed an elaborated system of membrane differentiation wh ...
... membrane. In G. violaceus a clear separation of “orange” membrane fractions accumulating photosystem assembly factors and photosynthetically active “green” patches can be observed (Rexroth et al., 2011). Thus, cyanobacteria appear to have developed an elaborated system of membrane differentiation wh ...
Plastid division
... from bacteria, functions in chloroplast division, since the gene is apparently missing from genomes of higher and lower plants, although a MinC-like sequence has been identified in a moss genome (Yang et al., 2008). Interestingly, if the bacterial MinC gene is overexpressed in Arabidopsis, then the ...
... from bacteria, functions in chloroplast division, since the gene is apparently missing from genomes of higher and lower plants, although a MinC-like sequence has been identified in a moss genome (Yang et al., 2008). Interestingly, if the bacterial MinC gene is overexpressed in Arabidopsis, then the ...
Iron-sulfur proteins
... • When cell receives a signal for apoptosis, one consequence is the permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane will increase, allowing cytochrome c release. • The release of cytochrome c will activate caspase 9, which will initiate the protein ...
... • When cell receives a signal for apoptosis, one consequence is the permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane will increase, allowing cytochrome c release. • The release of cytochrome c will activate caspase 9, which will initiate the protein ...
Vipp1: a very important protein in plastids?!
... duplication and was passed to the plant lineage by the cyanobacterial endosymbiont (Westphal et al., 2001a). No pspA gene has been identified explicitly in any plant or alga, indicating that PspA was either absent in the original endosymbiont or was lost in the plant lineage shortly after the endosy ...
... duplication and was passed to the plant lineage by the cyanobacterial endosymbiont (Westphal et al., 2001a). No pspA gene has been identified explicitly in any plant or alga, indicating that PspA was either absent in the original endosymbiont or was lost in the plant lineage shortly after the endosy ...
RecA maintains the integrity of chloroplast DNA molecules in
... Fig. 2. The effect of a T-DNA insertion in cpRecA on cpDNA amount and structure. (A) PFGE of cpDNA obtained from an equal volume of pelleted chloroplasts from wt and cprecA mutant plants after staining with ethidium bromide. (B) Blot hybridization of the gel in (A) with a petA probe. Immature, entir ...
... Fig. 2. The effect of a T-DNA insertion in cpRecA on cpDNA amount and structure. (A) PFGE of cpDNA obtained from an equal volume of pelleted chloroplasts from wt and cprecA mutant plants after staining with ethidium bromide. (B) Blot hybridization of the gel in (A) with a petA probe. Immature, entir ...
Plastid RNA polymerases - Journal of Experimental Botany
... is generated from this proplastid is determined by the tissue context of the cell in which it resides. Furthermore, the different plastid types are convertible into each other, even after differentiation, when respective environmental and/or cellular influences change (e.g. the chloroplast-to-chromo ...
... is generated from this proplastid is determined by the tissue context of the cell in which it resides. Furthermore, the different plastid types are convertible into each other, even after differentiation, when respective environmental and/or cellular influences change (e.g. the chloroplast-to-chromo ...
Conflicting Phylogenies for Early Land Plants are Caused by
... to the remaining land plants, whereas if it is placed on one of the branches leading to any of the three bryophyte groups then that group alone will form the earliest-diverging lineage. The observation that chloroplast protein-coding gene sequence data (nucleotides) and their protein translations (a ...
... to the remaining land plants, whereas if it is placed on one of the branches leading to any of the three bryophyte groups then that group alone will form the earliest-diverging lineage. The observation that chloroplast protein-coding gene sequence data (nucleotides) and their protein translations (a ...
Prokaryotic features of a nucleus
... share a high degree of sequence homology [I - 61 in agreement with the endosymbiotic theory of chloroplast evolution (see [7- 101 for recent reviews). However, most of the chloroplast components, at least 190 [ill but probably over 300 different proteins (121, are encoded in the nuclear genome. This ...
... share a high degree of sequence homology [I - 61 in agreement with the endosymbiotic theory of chloroplast evolution (see [7- 101 for recent reviews). However, most of the chloroplast components, at least 190 [ill but probably over 300 different proteins (121, are encoded in the nuclear genome. This ...
A nucleus-encoded chloroplast protein regulated by iron availability
... consequence, by introducing an intron-less copy of the gene in the chloroplast genome (Lefebvre-Legendre et al., 2014). This suggests that the complex trans-splicing pathway does not play a predominant role in the regulation of PSI assembly, at least under a number of different growth conditions tha ...
... consequence, by introducing an intron-less copy of the gene in the chloroplast genome (Lefebvre-Legendre et al., 2014). This suggests that the complex trans-splicing pathway does not play a predominant role in the regulation of PSI assembly, at least under a number of different growth conditions tha ...
Combining Machine Learning and Homology-Based
... the N-terminal region, the C-terminal region, and the remaining center portion. For each part, a 20-D vector was extracted using Equation 1, so the combined feature vector of this module had 60 dimensions. The rationale behind using this type of approach is the fact that percentage composition of a ...
... the N-terminal region, the C-terminal region, and the remaining center portion. For each part, a 20-D vector was extracted using Equation 1, so the combined feature vector of this module had 60 dimensions. The rationale behind using this type of approach is the fact that percentage composition of a ...
Targeting to the T. gondii plastid
... by the corresponding plastid genome; most plastid proteins are encoded in the nucleus, and imported post-translationally from the cytoplasm into the plastid (Keegstra and Cline, 1999). Proteins destined to reside in plastids that have two membranes, such as the chloroplasts of green plants, typicall ...
... by the corresponding plastid genome; most plastid proteins are encoded in the nucleus, and imported post-translationally from the cytoplasm into the plastid (Keegstra and Cline, 1999). Proteins destined to reside in plastids that have two membranes, such as the chloroplasts of green plants, typicall ...
The function of genomes in bioenergetic organelles
... Figure 1. Elements of energy transduction in respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. The mitochondrial inner membrane is shown in yellow. The principal complexes involved in energy transduction are complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), complex III ( ...
... Figure 1. Elements of energy transduction in respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. The mitochondrial inner membrane is shown in yellow. The principal complexes involved in energy transduction are complex I (NADH dehydrogenase), complex II (succinate dehydrogenase), complex III ( ...
In vivo evidence for the prokaryotic model of extended codon
... binding site or on nucleotides following the initiation codon, which may (Moll et al., 2001) constitute a regulatory `downstream box'. What has not been reassessed is the possibility of extended interactions between the mRNA and the initiator tRNA (tRNAfMet). The question of extended tRNAfMet±mRNA b ...
... binding site or on nucleotides following the initiation codon, which may (Moll et al., 2001) constitute a regulatory `downstream box'. What has not been reassessed is the possibility of extended interactions between the mRNA and the initiator tRNA (tRNAfMet). The question of extended tRNAfMet±mRNA b ...
Organelle Division and Cytoplasmic Inheritance
... ha ve been a dividing ring such as the FtsZ ring inside chloroplasts and mitochondria at an early stage of evolution (Figure I-H, Ig). However, the nucleus eventually came to control the organelle division from the outside, using PD- and MD-rings made from actinlike proteins that are encoded in the ...
... ha ve been a dividing ring such as the FtsZ ring inside chloroplasts and mitochondria at an early stage of evolution (Figure I-H, Ig). However, the nucleus eventually came to control the organelle division from the outside, using PD- and MD-rings made from actinlike proteins that are encoded in the ...
Genes for Two Mitochondrial Ribosomal Proteins in
... Repeated transfer to the nucleus has led to a highly variable distribution of ribosomal protein and succinate dehydrogenase genes among mitochondrial genomes of angiosperms. This variability is highlighted by the complete sequence determination of the mitochondrial genomes of Arabidopsis (Unseld et ...
... Repeated transfer to the nucleus has led to a highly variable distribution of ribosomal protein and succinate dehydrogenase genes among mitochondrial genomes of angiosperms. This variability is highlighted by the complete sequence determination of the mitochondrial genomes of Arabidopsis (Unseld et ...
The Structural, Biochemical, and Genetic Characterization of a New
... can be produced in a single plant by non-heritable somatic changes of the unstable allele. Heritable changes of the r-m allele produce plants with all black or all brown seeds. These brown revertants (r*, r*) or homozygous black seed revertants (R*, R*) show continuous instability of the allele, giv ...
... can be produced in a single plant by non-heritable somatic changes of the unstable allele. Heritable changes of the r-m allele produce plants with all black or all brown seeds. These brown revertants (r*, r*) or homozygous black seed revertants (R*, R*) show continuous instability of the allele, giv ...
Polypeptide Composition of Envelopes of Spinach Chloroplasts
... to Siegenthaler and Dumont (1990) with some modifications. Leaves were homogenized for 10 s in the grinding medium containing 350 mM sorbitol, 25 mM 3-(/V-morpholino)propanesufonic acid (MOPS)-KOH (pH 7.6), 2 mM EDTA, and 2 mM Na-isoascorbate. The homogenate was filtered through two sheets of double ...
... to Siegenthaler and Dumont (1990) with some modifications. Leaves were homogenized for 10 s in the grinding medium containing 350 mM sorbitol, 25 mM 3-(/V-morpholino)propanesufonic acid (MOPS)-KOH (pH 7.6), 2 mM EDTA, and 2 mM Na-isoascorbate. The homogenate was filtered through two sheets of double ...