Bio 20-Cellular Respiration Assignment Part A
... a. ATP to FADH2 in the electron transport chain b. NADH to ATP in the electron transport chain c. Strong to progressively weaker electron acceptors in the electron transport chain d. Weak to progressively stronger electron acceptors in the electron transport chain 12. ATP is formed during energy tra ...
... a. ATP to FADH2 in the electron transport chain b. NADH to ATP in the electron transport chain c. Strong to progressively weaker electron acceptors in the electron transport chain d. Weak to progressively stronger electron acceptors in the electron transport chain 12. ATP is formed during energy tra ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Ch. 6 Cellular Respiration
... concentration via the protein ATP synthase. • How does a high concentration of hydrogen ions form in the first place? • H+ ions are actively transported using electron energy ...
... concentration via the protein ATP synthase. • How does a high concentration of hydrogen ions form in the first place? • H+ ions are actively transported using electron energy ...
6O2 + C6H12O6 ------------------------
... a. The breakdown of _______________ (chemical energy from food) to form ________ for energy use in cells. b. ________________ is the type of energy used by cells to drive reactions in the body. c. The equation: **MEMORIZE THIS! ...
... a. The breakdown of _______________ (chemical energy from food) to form ________ for energy use in cells. b. ________________ is the type of energy used by cells to drive reactions in the body. c. The equation: **MEMORIZE THIS! ...
The Citric acid cycle
... It is called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic and is the “hub” of the metabolic system. It accounts for the majority of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. It also accounts for a majority of the generation of these compounds and others as well. Amphibolic - acts both catabolically ...
... It is called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic and is the “hub” of the metabolic system. It accounts for the majority of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. It also accounts for a majority of the generation of these compounds and others as well. Amphibolic - acts both catabolically ...
the krebs cycle by stef worrall
... Is responsible for the breakdown of pyruvate Acts as a central metabolic pathway in the breakdown of foods • Alternative names; The citric acid cycle and Tricarboxylic acid cycle • Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix ...
... Is responsible for the breakdown of pyruvate Acts as a central metabolic pathway in the breakdown of foods • Alternative names; The citric acid cycle and Tricarboxylic acid cycle • Occurs in the mitochondrial matrix ...
2) Where
... • A molecule capable of accepDng one or more electrons from another molecule • Carriers donate these electrons to another molecule during the process of electron transport. • The energy from the electrons ...
... • A molecule capable of accepDng one or more electrons from another molecule • Carriers donate these electrons to another molecule during the process of electron transport. • The energy from the electrons ...
Biochem 462 - public.asu.edu
... About how many protons are pumped into the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion for every oxygen molecule (O2) consumed during oxidation of NADH during oxidative phophorylation (notice this is a whole oxygen molecule we are ...
... About how many protons are pumped into the intermembrane space of the mitochondrion for every oxygen molecule (O2) consumed during oxidation of NADH during oxidative phophorylation (notice this is a whole oxygen molecule we are ...
1. Metabolism refers to A) pathways of chemical reactions that build
... A) ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. B) ADP releases a phosphate group and becomes ATP. C) ATP gains a phosphate group and becomes ADP. D) ADP gains a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 4. In metabolism, glucose is degraded to carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide is produced in: ...
... A) ATP releases a phosphate group and becomes ADP. B) ADP releases a phosphate group and becomes ATP. C) ATP gains a phosphate group and becomes ADP. D) ADP gains a phosphate group and becomes ATP. 4. In metabolism, glucose is degraded to carbon dioxide and water. The carbon dioxide is produced in: ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS HOW PLANTS MAKE THEIR
... to create energy and release H2O & CO2 as by products • FORMULA IS: • C6H12O6 + O2----ENERGY+CO2 + H20 ...
... to create energy and release H2O & CO2 as by products • FORMULA IS: • C6H12O6 + O2----ENERGY+CO2 + H20 ...
2 ATP
... Oxygen breaks Carbon-Carbon bonds Broken bonds release energy & electrons Energy used to form ATP Electrons captured by NAD+ and FAD+ ...
... Oxygen breaks Carbon-Carbon bonds Broken bonds release energy & electrons Energy used to form ATP Electrons captured by NAD+ and FAD+ ...
File
... ATP is composed of adenosine and three inorganic phosphate (Pi) groups Energy is released from ATP when the bond attached to the terminal phosphate is broken by enzyme action ATP releases energy and breaks down to form Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) ADP + Pi ATP (this rea ...
... ATP is composed of adenosine and three inorganic phosphate (Pi) groups Energy is released from ATP when the bond attached to the terminal phosphate is broken by enzyme action ATP releases energy and breaks down to form Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) ADP + Pi ATP (this rea ...
Principles of BIOCHEMISTRY
... The Glyoxylate Cycle • Pathway for the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors in plants, bacteria and yeast (not animals) • Glyoxylate cycle leads from 2-carbon compounds to glucose • In animals, acetyl CoA is not a carbon source for the net formation of glucose (2 carbons of acetyl C ...
... The Glyoxylate Cycle • Pathway for the formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors in plants, bacteria and yeast (not animals) • Glyoxylate cycle leads from 2-carbon compounds to glucose • In animals, acetyl CoA is not a carbon source for the net formation of glucose (2 carbons of acetyl C ...
Oxidations – loss of electrons
... – Use of inorganic molecules (other than O2) as final electron acceptor – Many prokaryotes use sulfur, nitrate, carbon dioxide or even inorganic metals ...
... – Use of inorganic molecules (other than O2) as final electron acceptor – Many prokaryotes use sulfur, nitrate, carbon dioxide or even inorganic metals ...
The Citric acid cycle
... It is called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic and is the “hub” of the metabolic system. It accounts for the majority of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. It also accounts for a majority of the generation of these compounds and others as well. Amphibolic - acts both catabolically ...
... It is called the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic and is the “hub” of the metabolic system. It accounts for the majority of carbohydrate, fatty acid and amino acid oxidation. It also accounts for a majority of the generation of these compounds and others as well. Amphibolic - acts both catabolically ...
Study Guide
... Stepwise oxidation of glucose = catabolism of glucose Phases of Glycolysis, products of Glycolysis, net yields of energy molecules – location of pathway Role of NAD+, NADH, FAD, FADH2 as electron carriers (redox reactions) Pyruvate oxidation under aerobic conditions, pyruvate fermentation under anae ...
... Stepwise oxidation of glucose = catabolism of glucose Phases of Glycolysis, products of Glycolysis, net yields of energy molecules – location of pathway Role of NAD+, NADH, FAD, FADH2 as electron carriers (redox reactions) Pyruvate oxidation under aerobic conditions, pyruvate fermentation under anae ...
Cellular Respiration
... • A molecule of glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid – These molecules then donate high energy electrons to NAD+, forming NADH – Glycolysis makes some ATP directly when enzymes transfer phosphate groups from fuel molecules to ADP – Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell. ...
... • A molecule of glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid – These molecules then donate high energy electrons to NAD+, forming NADH – Glycolysis makes some ATP directly when enzymes transfer phosphate groups from fuel molecules to ADP – Glycolysis occurs in the cytosol of the cell. ...
Cellular Respiration
... steps loses 2C in 2 steps and changes back to same 4C acid. First formed acid is Citric Acid and at the end 4C acid is regenerated – so the name Citric Acid Cycle. It was discovered by Hans Kreb. Overall Reaction of Citric Acid Cycle: Acety CoA (2C) + 3NAD + FAD + ADP 2 CO2 + 3 NADH + FADH2 + ATP ...
... steps loses 2C in 2 steps and changes back to same 4C acid. First formed acid is Citric Acid and at the end 4C acid is regenerated – so the name Citric Acid Cycle. It was discovered by Hans Kreb. Overall Reaction of Citric Acid Cycle: Acety CoA (2C) + 3NAD + FAD + ADP 2 CO2 + 3 NADH + FADH2 + ATP ...
Anaerobic Pathways Glycolysis
... (C4) to make Citrate (C6) – Break off two carbons (released as CO2) – Yield (per pyruvate) ...
... (C4) to make Citrate (C6) – Break off two carbons (released as CO2) – Yield (per pyruvate) ...
External sources of energy → biologically energy : ATP
... C6H12O6 + 2NAD+ + 2ADP3- + 2Pi2- 2 C3H4O3 + 2NADH + 2 ATP4• Citric acid cycle • In mitochondrion • Pyruvate CO2 + NADH + FADH2 • Electron transport chain • High energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 O2 • Convert energy released into a proton motive force (H+ gradient) ...
... C6H12O6 + 2NAD+ + 2ADP3- + 2Pi2- 2 C3H4O3 + 2NADH + 2 ATP4• Citric acid cycle • In mitochondrion • Pyruvate CO2 + NADH + FADH2 • Electron transport chain • High energy electrons from NADH and FADH2 O2 • Convert energy released into a proton motive force (H+ gradient) ...
Slide 1
... The absence of labeling into other TCAintermediates suggests that these labeled dicarboxylic acids derive from cytosolic pathways independent of mitochondrial TCA metabolism Similarly, growth on 13C-15N-aspartate results only in the generation of 13C-malate and 13C-fumarate which can also occur ...
... The absence of labeling into other TCAintermediates suggests that these labeled dicarboxylic acids derive from cytosolic pathways independent of mitochondrial TCA metabolism Similarly, growth on 13C-15N-aspartate results only in the generation of 13C-malate and 13C-fumarate which can also occur ...
What is the Electron Transport Chain?
... NADH and FADH2 from glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle are used as the source of energy to pump protons (hydrogen ions) out of the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. ...
... NADH and FADH2 from glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation and the citric acid cycle are used as the source of energy to pump protons (hydrogen ions) out of the mitochondrial matrix into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. ...
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration
... • Food chains were not very complex; few trophic levels. • Could support very few animals with such poor efficiency. ...
... • Food chains were not very complex; few trophic levels. • Could support very few animals with such poor efficiency. ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.