29 Cellular Respiration Biology “B”
... helps two substrates come together in this case. Enzymes are also known to attach to a substrate and make two or more products. There are two parts to the breakdown of sugar once it gets inside the cell: a.) Glycolysis- (this is from “glyco-“ referring to glucose and “-lysis” meaning break) Glycolys ...
... helps two substrates come together in this case. Enzymes are also known to attach to a substrate and make two or more products. There are two parts to the breakdown of sugar once it gets inside the cell: a.) Glycolysis- (this is from “glyco-“ referring to glucose and “-lysis” meaning break) Glycolys ...
Cellular Respiration II PPT
... • In this part of glycolysis, the cell produces 4 ATP molecules by removing phosphates from the carbon-based molecules already produced in the process. It also creates 2 NADH. This gives the whole process a net of 2 ATP made. • The ultimate end product is 2 Pyruvates, which will be slightly modified ...
... • In this part of glycolysis, the cell produces 4 ATP molecules by removing phosphates from the carbon-based molecules already produced in the process. It also creates 2 NADH. This gives the whole process a net of 2 ATP made. • The ultimate end product is 2 Pyruvates, which will be slightly modified ...
Ch 7 outline
... 1. Glycolysis is a biochemical pathway that involves a sequential series of ten enzymecatalyzed reactions that cleave the six-carbon molecule glucose into two three-carbon molecules called private. 2. During glycolysis, two coupled reactions also occur, leading to the production of ATP via substrate ...
... 1. Glycolysis is a biochemical pathway that involves a sequential series of ten enzymecatalyzed reactions that cleave the six-carbon molecule glucose into two three-carbon molecules called private. 2. During glycolysis, two coupled reactions also occur, leading to the production of ATP via substrate ...
1. Which of the following is not a feature of scientific hypotheses? A
... C) Metabolic pathways in eukaryotes occur in the cytoplasm. D) Metabolic pathways vary from organism to organism. E) Each metabolic pathway is regulated by specific enzymes. ...
... C) Metabolic pathways in eukaryotes occur in the cytoplasm. D) Metabolic pathways vary from organism to organism. E) Each metabolic pathway is regulated by specific enzymes. ...
Chapter 8 - University of South Alabama
... 1. Glucose is first phosphorylated, then split to form two using two ATP molecules in the beginning process. ...
... 1. Glucose is first phosphorylated, then split to form two using two ATP molecules in the beginning process. ...
Exam 2 Key Fa08
... 3. Type of energy that comes from the structural arrangement of molecules. (1 pt) [chemical energy or potential energy] 4. An organism that must get its carbon compounds by eating other organisms. (1 pt) ...
... 3. Type of energy that comes from the structural arrangement of molecules. (1 pt) [chemical energy or potential energy] 4. An organism that must get its carbon compounds by eating other organisms. (1 pt) ...
Outline06 Metabolism - Napa Valley College
... - fatty acids are broken down into 2C units → acetyl CoA → Krebs Cycle → CO2 + H2O - high energy yield: >100 ATP per fatty acid > 2X more energy yield per gram than carbohydrates 2. Lipid Synthesis - fatty acids are synthesized from 2C units of acetyl CoA - fatty acids are combined with glycerol to ...
... - fatty acids are broken down into 2C units → acetyl CoA → Krebs Cycle → CO2 + H2O - high energy yield: >100 ATP per fatty acid > 2X more energy yield per gram than carbohydrates 2. Lipid Synthesis - fatty acids are synthesized from 2C units of acetyl CoA - fatty acids are combined with glycerol to ...
1 - contentextra
... photosystems and allow the absorption of light energy. Modern plants have two types of photosystem: photosystem I and photosystem II. 11 Photosystem II begins the process, allowing the formation of free oxygen, energized electrons that are de-energized through an electron transport chain to produce ...
... photosystems and allow the absorption of light energy. Modern plants have two types of photosystem: photosystem I and photosystem II. 11 Photosystem II begins the process, allowing the formation of free oxygen, energized electrons that are de-energized through an electron transport chain to produce ...
3 Energy Pathways
... Final stages of aerobic respiration… • Here glucose is downgraded to release hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The CO2 is eliminated via the lungs. • The hydrogen given off at krebs cycle is brought by hydrogen carriers NAD & FAD to the cristae of the mitochondrion. Here it is split into hydrogen ions ( ...
... Final stages of aerobic respiration… • Here glucose is downgraded to release hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The CO2 is eliminated via the lungs. • The hydrogen given off at krebs cycle is brought by hydrogen carriers NAD & FAD to the cristae of the mitochondrion. Here it is split into hydrogen ions ( ...
Cellular respiration includes three pathways
... 37. ATP synthase makes _______________________from ADP + Pi. 38. This is an example of_______________________________________, the use of energy stored in the form of an H+ gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work. 39. _______________________________ and ____________________________________ ...
... 37. ATP synthase makes _______________________from ADP + Pi. 38. This is an example of_______________________________________, the use of energy stored in the form of an H+ gradient across a membrane to drive cellular work. 39. _______________________________ and ____________________________________ ...
The Citric acid cycle - University of Houston
... Why such a complex set of enzymes? 1 Enzymatic reactions rates are limited by diffusion, with shorter distance between subunits a enzyme can almost direct the substrate from one subunit (catalytic site) to another. 2. Channeling metabolic intermediates between ...
... Why such a complex set of enzymes? 1 Enzymatic reactions rates are limited by diffusion, with shorter distance between subunits a enzyme can almost direct the substrate from one subunit (catalytic site) to another. 2. Channeling metabolic intermediates between ...
Pathways of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Glycolysis • Is the
... • One thing which the diagram does not show is the production of 2 CO2 molecules for each acetylCoA that enters the cycle. They are release at the same time/place as the first two NADH molecules ...
... • One thing which the diagram does not show is the production of 2 CO2 molecules for each acetylCoA that enters the cycle. They are release at the same time/place as the first two NADH molecules ...
Biochemistry The Citric Acid Cycle Chapter 17:
... • Pyruvate + coenzyme A + NAD+ → acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH – Pyruvate transported through membrane protein into mitochondria – Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes this irreversible reaction • Complex of 3 enzymes family, with masses from 4 million to • Member of a large family 10 million daltons ...
... • Pyruvate + coenzyme A + NAD+ → acetyl-CoA + CO2 + NADH – Pyruvate transported through membrane protein into mitochondria – Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex catalyzes this irreversible reaction • Complex of 3 enzymes family, with masses from 4 million to • Member of a large family 10 million daltons ...
General Biology I Online – Lab Midterm REVIEW
... What is the atomic mass and atomic number? What is the valence shell? When there is an unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms, what will be the result? What type of chemical bond occurs specifically between one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom in a water molecule? Which term describes the t ...
... What is the atomic mass and atomic number? What is the valence shell? When there is an unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms, what will be the result? What type of chemical bond occurs specifically between one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom in a water molecule? Which term describes the t ...
General Biology I Online – Lecture Midterm REVIEW (2).
... What is the atomic mass and atomic number? What is the valence shell? When there is an unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms, what will be the result? What type of chemical bond occurs specifically between one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom in a water molecule? Which term describes the t ...
... What is the atomic mass and atomic number? What is the valence shell? When there is an unequal sharing of electrons between two atoms, what will be the result? What type of chemical bond occurs specifically between one hydrogen atom and one oxygen atom in a water molecule? Which term describes the t ...
Chapter 19
... • a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: inhibited by ATP, NADH, and succinyl CoA; activated by ADP and NAD+. ...
... • a-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: inhibited by ATP, NADH, and succinyl CoA; activated by ADP and NAD+. ...
OverallQuiz2Ch5-8.doc
... thylakoid membrane is used to generate __________. a. NADPH b. glucose c. FADH2 d. ATP e. oxygen 9. The overall equation for glucose metabolism is C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP and heat. The carbon atoms in the CO2 molecules in this equation come from __________ during reactions of __________. ...
... thylakoid membrane is used to generate __________. a. NADPH b. glucose c. FADH2 d. ATP e. oxygen 9. The overall equation for glucose metabolism is C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP and heat. The carbon atoms in the CO2 molecules in this equation come from __________ during reactions of __________. ...
Cell Respiration Teacher Notes
... because there are more collisions between substrate molecules and the enzyme. •Enzyme concentration •Enzyme activity increases as enzyme concentration increases because there are more collisions between substrate molecules and the enzyme. ...
... because there are more collisions between substrate molecules and the enzyme. •Enzyme concentration •Enzyme activity increases as enzyme concentration increases because there are more collisions between substrate molecules and the enzyme. ...
BIO 101 Worksheet Metabolism and Cellular Respiration
... c. This is an exergonic reaction which is spontaneous and makes energy available d. The reaction requires free energy and is exergonic 27. Place in 3 groups to represent the steps of cellular respiration. A few may be placed in more than one group Glycolysis 2 Pyruvate Anaerobic Acetyl CoA 2 ATP yie ...
... c. This is an exergonic reaction which is spontaneous and makes energy available d. The reaction requires free energy and is exergonic 27. Place in 3 groups to represent the steps of cellular respiration. A few may be placed in more than one group Glycolysis 2 Pyruvate Anaerobic Acetyl CoA 2 ATP yie ...
Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration
... If oxygen is absent fermentation occurs pyruvate is converted into either lactate, or into ethanol and CO2 If oxygen is present, cellular respiration occurs ...
... If oxygen is absent fermentation occurs pyruvate is converted into either lactate, or into ethanol and CO2 If oxygen is present, cellular respiration occurs ...
Unit Test: Metabolism
... 17. Alanine can enter Cellular Respiration as which of the following? 18. In terms of direct ATP production, what is the advantage of a cell having mitochondria? 19. In terms of the spectrum of white light, which of the following is the least effective for photosynthesis? 20. What is the function of ...
... 17. Alanine can enter Cellular Respiration as which of the following? 18. In terms of direct ATP production, what is the advantage of a cell having mitochondria? 19. In terms of the spectrum of white light, which of the following is the least effective for photosynthesis? 20. What is the function of ...
Photosynthesis: dark reactions
... and used to make amino acids • G-3-P (glyceraldehyde 3-P) is used to make fructose with is in turn used to make other sugars and starch • some fructose is converted into glucose; molecular of glucose are smaller and store more energy than ATP • fructose and glucose are used to make sucrose which is ...
... and used to make amino acids • G-3-P (glyceraldehyde 3-P) is used to make fructose with is in turn used to make other sugars and starch • some fructose is converted into glucose; molecular of glucose are smaller and store more energy than ATP • fructose and glucose are used to make sucrose which is ...
Document
... proton-motive force ATP • About 34% of the energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during cellular respiration, making about 36 ATP. • What happens to the rest of the energy? It’s given off as heat. ...
... proton-motive force ATP • About 34% of the energy in a glucose molecule is transferred to ATP during cellular respiration, making about 36 ATP. • What happens to the rest of the energy? It’s given off as heat. ...
Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration
... group of enzymes located in the cistae of the mitochondria, they are converted to Acetyl ACO. During the conversion of pyruvate to Aceytl ACO a CO2 and FADH2 molecule are produced. The Krebs cycle the second stage of cellular respiration: a series of reactions catalyzed by enzymes located in the mit ...
... group of enzymes located in the cistae of the mitochondria, they are converted to Acetyl ACO. During the conversion of pyruvate to Aceytl ACO a CO2 and FADH2 molecule are produced. The Krebs cycle the second stage of cellular respiration: a series of reactions catalyzed by enzymes located in the mit ...
Citric acid cycle
The citric acid cycle – also known as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle – is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetate derived from carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it was one of the earliest established components of cellular metabolism and may have originated abiogenically.The name of this metabolic pathway is derived from citric acid (a type of tricarboxylic acid) that is consumed and then regenerated by this sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. In addition, the cycle consumes acetate (in the form of acetyl-CoA) and water, reduces NAD+ to NADH, and produces carbon dioxide as a waste byproduct. The NADH generated by the TCA cycle is fed into the oxidative phosphorylation (electron transport) pathway. The net result of these two closely linked pathways is the oxidation of nutrients to produce usable chemical energy in the form of ATP.In eukaryotic cells, the citric acid cycle occurs in the matrix of the mitochondrion. In prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria which lack mitochondria, the TCA reaction sequence is performed in the cytosol with the proton gradient for ATP production being across the cell's surface (plasma membrane) rather than the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.