Communication - Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
... syntrophin triplet suggesting that all the syntrophins including α- as well as β-type may directly bind to dystrophin (Fig. 2). Previous work by Ozawa's group indicated that one of 43-DAGs was overlaid by dystrophin fusion protein containing cysteinerich and C-terminal domains (16). This interaction ...
... syntrophin triplet suggesting that all the syntrophins including α- as well as β-type may directly bind to dystrophin (Fig. 2). Previous work by Ozawa's group indicated that one of 43-DAGs was overlaid by dystrophin fusion protein containing cysteinerich and C-terminal domains (16). This interaction ...
Ribosomal proteins L5 and L15 Ivailo Simoff in vivo
... cerevisiae. Both r-proteins are essential for ribosome function. Their life cycle is primarily associated with rRNA interactions. As a consequence, the proteins show high sequence homology across the species borders. Furthermore, both L5 and L15 are connected to various human diseases which makes it ...
... cerevisiae. Both r-proteins are essential for ribosome function. Their life cycle is primarily associated with rRNA interactions. As a consequence, the proteins show high sequence homology across the species borders. Furthermore, both L5 and L15 are connected to various human diseases which makes it ...
A Stable Serine Protease, Wrightin, from the Latex of the Plant
... and 25% glycerol was loaded on each gel and electrophoresed at a constant current of 2 mA per rod for 4 h. After the run, tube gels were fixed in fixing solution (30 mL methanol, 70 mL of distilled water, 3.45 g of sulfosalicylic acid, and 11.5 g of trichloroacetic acid in 100 mL of distilled water) ...
... and 25% glycerol was loaded on each gel and electrophoresed at a constant current of 2 mA per rod for 4 h. After the run, tube gels were fixed in fixing solution (30 mL methanol, 70 mL of distilled water, 3.45 g of sulfosalicylic acid, and 11.5 g of trichloroacetic acid in 100 mL of distilled water) ...
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SEC14 Gene Encodes a Cytosolic
... a reasonable candidate for detailed molecular analysis. As an initial step toward this goal, we present a characterization of the SEC14 gene. We show that SEC14 is an essential gene that belongs to the category of rare S. cerevisiae genes that contain introns, and that SEC14p is a rather abundant ye ...
... a reasonable candidate for detailed molecular analysis. As an initial step toward this goal, we present a characterization of the SEC14 gene. We show that SEC14 is an essential gene that belongs to the category of rare S. cerevisiae genes that contain introns, and that SEC14p is a rather abundant ye ...
Microreviews in Cell and Molecular Biology
... longer produce the protein. The resulting dynamin A2 cells are viable under all conditions tested, indicating that the dynamin A gene product is not vital for D. discoideum growth [2]. However, dynamin A-deficient cells showed pleiotropic phenotypic changes in contrast to the parental Ax2 wild-type ...
... longer produce the protein. The resulting dynamin A2 cells are viable under all conditions tested, indicating that the dynamin A gene product is not vital for D. discoideum growth [2]. However, dynamin A-deficient cells showed pleiotropic phenotypic changes in contrast to the parental Ax2 wild-type ...
Lessons from Phenylketonuria. Trends Genet 15:267
... Significant differences are seen in in vivo phenylalanine oxidation between heterozygotes carrying the same mutant PAH allele34. In this case, the parameter assayed was flux through the whole pathway from phenylalanine to carbon dioxide, a parameter that shows a gene-dosage effect34. While the data ...
... Significant differences are seen in in vivo phenylalanine oxidation between heterozygotes carrying the same mutant PAH allele34. In this case, the parameter assayed was flux through the whole pathway from phenylalanine to carbon dioxide, a parameter that shows a gene-dosage effect34. While the data ...
WNT Signaling
... Wnt Proteins • Secreted but insoluble (hydrophobic) – Palmitoylated – Enzyme responsible: porcupine (por) in Drosophila or mom-1 in C. elegans – Essential for function and signaling • Mutation of cysteine • Removal of palmitate ...
... Wnt Proteins • Secreted but insoluble (hydrophobic) – Palmitoylated – Enzyme responsible: porcupine (por) in Drosophila or mom-1 in C. elegans – Essential for function and signaling • Mutation of cysteine • Removal of palmitate ...
Pex5p stabilizes Pex14p: a study using a newly isolated pex5 CHO
... ZPEG101 is distinct from other known pex5 CHO mutants in its Pex5p expression. An undetectable level of Pex5p in ZPEG101 results in unstable Pex14p, which is due to inefficient translocation to the peroxisomal membrane. All of the mutant phenotypes of ZPEG101 are restored by expression of wild-type ...
... ZPEG101 is distinct from other known pex5 CHO mutants in its Pex5p expression. An undetectable level of Pex5p in ZPEG101 results in unstable Pex14p, which is due to inefficient translocation to the peroxisomal membrane. All of the mutant phenotypes of ZPEG101 are restored by expression of wild-type ...
Lipid transfer and metabolism across the endolysosomal
... cell types are sensitive to elevation of intracellular Ca2+, and can be secreted to promote repair of plasma membrane wounds [19,20]. Recently, lysosomes have been recognized as key signaling hubs necessary on the one hand for mTORC1 activation by nutrients and growth factors [1,21], and on the othe ...
... cell types are sensitive to elevation of intracellular Ca2+, and can be secreted to promote repair of plasma membrane wounds [19,20]. Recently, lysosomes have been recognized as key signaling hubs necessary on the one hand for mTORC1 activation by nutrients and growth factors [1,21], and on the othe ...
RalA ACTIVATION ASSAY BIOCHEM KIT
... proteins, RalA and RalB, share 58% identity to these oncoproteins and 85% identity with each other (Chardin and Tavitian 1986). Ral proteins play an important role in diverse cellular processes including endocytosis, exocytosis, oncogenesis and the regulation of transcription and cell morphology (Fe ...
... proteins, RalA and RalB, share 58% identity to these oncoproteins and 85% identity with each other (Chardin and Tavitian 1986). Ral proteins play an important role in diverse cellular processes including endocytosis, exocytosis, oncogenesis and the regulation of transcription and cell morphology (Fe ...
Action of Trypsin on Casein
... The effect of digestion of casein by trypsin and protease on electrophoretic mobility is shown in Figure 2. The intact protein shows several distinct bands of relatively low mobility. Proteolytic digestion causes the appearance of distinct high mobility bands in the case of trypsin and a broad, feat ...
... The effect of digestion of casein by trypsin and protease on electrophoretic mobility is shown in Figure 2. The intact protein shows several distinct bands of relatively low mobility. Proteolytic digestion causes the appearance of distinct high mobility bands in the case of trypsin and a broad, feat ...
Molecular Docking
... three times (A, B, C). For each one, we have a set of potential solutions that can be generated. Each intermediate level is extended to the next one by adding a new next fragment in all possible configurations. Solutions with a bad score are ...
... three times (A, B, C). For each one, we have a set of potential solutions that can be generated. Each intermediate level is extended to the next one by adding a new next fragment in all possible configurations. Solutions with a bad score are ...
Mechanism of translation of the bicistronic mRNA encoding human
... established cervical epithelial tumour cell line, CaSki, containing HPV16 was used in this study. The cells were grown in MEM supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum, 100 units/ml penicillin, 100 Ixg/ml streptomycin and 2 mM-glutamine. Another cervicaltumour cell line, C-33A, lacki ...
... established cervical epithelial tumour cell line, CaSki, containing HPV16 was used in this study. The cells were grown in MEM supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum, 100 units/ml penicillin, 100 Ixg/ml streptomycin and 2 mM-glutamine. Another cervicaltumour cell line, C-33A, lacki ...
Proteomics insights: proteins related to larval attachment and
... The transition in an animal from a pelagic larval stage to a sessile benthic juvenile typically requires major morphological and behavioral changes. Larval competency, attachment and initiation of metamorphosis are thought to be regulated by intrinsic chemical signals and specific sets of proteins. ...
... The transition in an animal from a pelagic larval stage to a sessile benthic juvenile typically requires major morphological and behavioral changes. Larval competency, attachment and initiation of metamorphosis are thought to be regulated by intrinsic chemical signals and specific sets of proteins. ...
A nomenclature for restriction enzymes, DNA methyltransferases
... the pre®x. This will enable enzymes, such as Eco57I, with both REase activity and MTase activity fused in a single protein to be designated RM.Eco57I. Its accompanying MTase would remain as M.Eco57I. Note that the current convention of permitting the REase to be named either with or without the `R' ...
... the pre®x. This will enable enzymes, such as Eco57I, with both REase activity and MTase activity fused in a single protein to be designated RM.Eco57I. Its accompanying MTase would remain as M.Eco57I. Note that the current convention of permitting the REase to be named either with or without the `R' ...
Hitting the Target: Emerging Technologies in the Search for Kinase
... searches for candidate Akt substrates with Scansite (16). This approach successfully identified known and novel Akt substrates that were confirmed by using conventional methods of substrate validation. One problem with this method is that in any given mass range Scansite will predict several strong ...
... searches for candidate Akt substrates with Scansite (16). This approach successfully identified known and novel Akt substrates that were confirmed by using conventional methods of substrate validation. One problem with this method is that in any given mass range Scansite will predict several strong ...
S1 Document.
... Vector using HaloTag_F and HaloTag_R primers to introduce an Nde I restriction site at the 5′-end and a BamH I restriction site at the 3′-end (Table S1). The amplified fragment was digested with Nde I and BamH I and then introduced into the same sites in the expression plasmid for GFPuv3-pD-SecM148– ...
... Vector using HaloTag_F and HaloTag_R primers to introduce an Nde I restriction site at the 5′-end and a BamH I restriction site at the 3′-end (Table S1). The amplified fragment was digested with Nde I and BamH I and then introduced into the same sites in the expression plasmid for GFPuv3-pD-SecM148– ...
1_Introduction and Importance
... crucial concepts, which include the cell theory by Schleiden and Schwann, Mendel’s study of inheritance and Darwin’s theory of evolution. The real push to biochemistry was given in 1828 when total synthesis of urea from lead cyanate and ammonia was successfully achieved by Wohler who thus initiated ...
... crucial concepts, which include the cell theory by Schleiden and Schwann, Mendel’s study of inheritance and Darwin’s theory of evolution. The real push to biochemistry was given in 1828 when total synthesis of urea from lead cyanate and ammonia was successfully achieved by Wohler who thus initiated ...
Enzyme from Banana (Musa sp.) Extraction Procedures for Sensitive
... In the cleaning step, there has been hydrosoluble and liposoluble enzyme separation. The former were precipitated, centrifuged and separated from the liposolubles, which were discarded along with the organic medium. Consequently, there was a decrease in total protein concentration, from 27% up to 72 ...
... In the cleaning step, there has been hydrosoluble and liposoluble enzyme separation. The former were precipitated, centrifuged and separated from the liposolubles, which were discarded along with the organic medium. Consequently, there was a decrease in total protein concentration, from 27% up to 72 ...
Plk4/SAK/ZYG-1 in the regulation of centriole
... centrioles during G1/S and the protein levels increase at both centrioles into mitosis [29]. In addition to centriole localization, Plk4/SAK protein levels are regulated and, when aberrant, centriole assembly is either amplified or decreased corresponding to levels of Plk4/SAK [30,31]. Defects resul ...
... centrioles during G1/S and the protein levels increase at both centrioles into mitosis [29]. In addition to centriole localization, Plk4/SAK protein levels are regulated and, when aberrant, centriole assembly is either amplified or decreased corresponding to levels of Plk4/SAK [30,31]. Defects resul ...
Screening for increased protein thiol oxidation in oxidatively
... protein thiol oxidation has been demonstrated in proteins with a range of functions including signal transduction, ion transport, contractility, metabolism, protein synthesis and protein catabolism [1,7]. Alterations in protein function caused by protein thiol oxidation can profoundly affect cell fu ...
... protein thiol oxidation has been demonstrated in proteins with a range of functions including signal transduction, ion transport, contractility, metabolism, protein synthesis and protein catabolism [1,7]. Alterations in protein function caused by protein thiol oxidation can profoundly affect cell fu ...
Gene Section AIP (aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein) in Oncology and Haematology
... (TPR) domain-containing proteins. It has three TPRdomains which are important for protein-protein interactions and an α helix at the C-terminal region and a PPIase-like domain (FKBP-type) in the N-terminus. ...
... (TPR) domain-containing proteins. It has three TPRdomains which are important for protein-protein interactions and an α helix at the C-terminal region and a PPIase-like domain (FKBP-type) in the N-terminus. ...
Polymerization and nucleic acid-binding
... two proteins, ORF1p and ORF2p. ORF2p is the L1 replicase, but the role of ORF1p is unknown. Mouse ORF1p, a coiled-coil-mediated trimer of 42-kDa monomers, binds nucleic acids and has nucleic acid chaperone activity. We purified human L1 ORF1p expressed in insect cells and made two findings that sig ...
... two proteins, ORF1p and ORF2p. ORF2p is the L1 replicase, but the role of ORF1p is unknown. Mouse ORF1p, a coiled-coil-mediated trimer of 42-kDa monomers, binds nucleic acids and has nucleic acid chaperone activity. We purified human L1 ORF1p expressed in insect cells and made two findings that sig ...
Dreze et al, Methods Enzymol 2010
... will likely score as autoactivators when fused to DB, (ii) proteins that are not transcription factors in their natural context but can behave as autoactivators because they contain a cryptic AD (cognate autoactivators), and (iii) nontranscription factor proteins that contain one or more cryptic ADs ...
... will likely score as autoactivators when fused to DB, (ii) proteins that are not transcription factors in their natural context but can behave as autoactivators because they contain a cryptic AD (cognate autoactivators), and (iii) nontranscription factor proteins that contain one or more cryptic ADs ...
2 Biogenesis and the regulation of the maturation of miRNAs
... Virus-derived miRNAs miRNAs can also be derived from pathogens such as viruses. These viral miRNAs are encoded in the viral genome and were first discovered in the herpes virus families [56]. To-date 26 mammalian viruses have been described to harbour viral miRNAs including the human EBV (Epstein–Ba ...
... Virus-derived miRNAs miRNAs can also be derived from pathogens such as viruses. These viral miRNAs are encoded in the viral genome and were first discovered in the herpes virus families [56]. To-date 26 mammalian viruses have been described to harbour viral miRNAs including the human EBV (Epstein–Ba ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.