Teaching notes
... Haemophilia is a sex-linked disorder. Its gene is in chromosome sexual X. Since males (XY) have only one X chromosome, so only one copy of the gene is placed in this chromosome, if the gene is present, then they will be affected with the disease. Females have two X chromosome (XX) and only will have ...
... Haemophilia is a sex-linked disorder. Its gene is in chromosome sexual X. Since males (XY) have only one X chromosome, so only one copy of the gene is placed in this chromosome, if the gene is present, then they will be affected with the disease. Females have two X chromosome (XX) and only will have ...
Cloning and Expression of Cellulosimicrobium cellulans β
... is produced recombinantly and protease-free [4,5]. The primary goal of making silage is to maximize the preservation of original nutrients in the forage crop for feeding at a later date [7]. Therefore, ensiled forages are the most commonly used feeds for ruminants all over the world [8]. Lactobacill ...
... is produced recombinantly and protease-free [4,5]. The primary goal of making silage is to maximize the preservation of original nutrients in the forage crop for feeding at a later date [7]. Therefore, ensiled forages are the most commonly used feeds for ruminants all over the world [8]. Lactobacill ...
The AMP-activated protein kinase pathway – new
... subunits are required to form a complex with the β and γ subunits (Crute et al., 1998). Comparison of β subunit sequences from different species revealed that they contained two conserved regions originally termed the KIS and ASC domains (Jiang and Carlson, 1997). Recent work has shown that, in mamm ...
... subunits are required to form a complex with the β and γ subunits (Crute et al., 1998). Comparison of β subunit sequences from different species revealed that they contained two conserved regions originally termed the KIS and ASC domains (Jiang and Carlson, 1997). Recent work has shown that, in mamm ...
Plant blue-light receptors - Molecular, Cell, and Developmental
... certainly not because of a lack of effort; rather, a lack of specific biochemical assays and the relatively low abundance of these proteins made the biochemical approach ineffective. A laboratory nickname, cryptochrome, was coined for the blue–UV-A light receptors, which reminds us of the pervasive ...
... certainly not because of a lack of effort; rather, a lack of specific biochemical assays and the relatively low abundance of these proteins made the biochemical approach ineffective. A laboratory nickname, cryptochrome, was coined for the blue–UV-A light receptors, which reminds us of the pervasive ...
Kallikrein-like prorenin-converting enzymes in inbred
... function is to convert inactive pro-peptide into its biologically active form. In recent years, emerging evidence indicates that some kallikrein–kinin enzymes also play a role in the modulation of renin–angiotensin system. These kallikrein-like prorenin converting enzymes act on renin–angiotensin by ...
... function is to convert inactive pro-peptide into its biologically active form. In recent years, emerging evidence indicates that some kallikrein–kinin enzymes also play a role in the modulation of renin–angiotensin system. These kallikrein-like prorenin converting enzymes act on renin–angiotensin by ...
Systemic methods for capturing protein–lipid interactions (PDF
... SOS-HF domain recruitment to PA and PI(4,5)P2 liposomes is higher upon presence of the E108K aminoterminal mutation ...
... SOS-HF domain recruitment to PA and PI(4,5)P2 liposomes is higher upon presence of the E108K aminoterminal mutation ...
PDF - Hormones.gr
... Autophagy (ATG) is the process of bulk degradation and recycling of long-lived proteins, macromolecular aggregates, and damaged intracellular organelles. Cellular homeostasis requires continuous removal of worn-out components and replacement with newly synthesized ones. Studies in yeast and other ma ...
... Autophagy (ATG) is the process of bulk degradation and recycling of long-lived proteins, macromolecular aggregates, and damaged intracellular organelles. Cellular homeostasis requires continuous removal of worn-out components and replacement with newly synthesized ones. Studies in yeast and other ma ...
Lens Major Intrinsic Protein (MIP)
... turbidity assay. The absorbance time course at 350 nm was monitored when PC-Mbs vesicles (-) and PC vesicles (A)were mixed with 25 pM PS vesicles. Vesicles were incubated in the same solution described for Figure 1. After 3 min of preincubation, 25 r M PS vesicles was added to the cuvette (arrow). e ...
... turbidity assay. The absorbance time course at 350 nm was monitored when PC-Mbs vesicles (-) and PC vesicles (A)were mixed with 25 pM PS vesicles. Vesicles were incubated in the same solution described for Figure 1. After 3 min of preincubation, 25 r M PS vesicles was added to the cuvette (arrow). e ...
Insulin action on skeletal muscle protein metabolism during
... inhibitors in the incubation medium. Moreover, studies on the expression of factors and cofactors involved in the proteolytic pathways correlated with results obtained in goats. The ATP-ubiquitin-proteasome dependent is, no doubt, a target for insulin in vivo. This does not preclude that insulin may ...
... inhibitors in the incubation medium. Moreover, studies on the expression of factors and cofactors involved in the proteolytic pathways correlated with results obtained in goats. The ATP-ubiquitin-proteasome dependent is, no doubt, a target for insulin in vivo. This does not preclude that insulin may ...
High-Level Expression in Escherichia coli of Alkaline Phosphatase
... BL21 harboring pEAP1 (Table 1). Thus, the use of the pelB leader peptide sequence in the pET-22b(+) for the high-level expression of the Tca APase gene was somewhat better than that of the original signal peptide sequence. The leader peptide sequence appears to be influencing the efficiency of gene ...
... BL21 harboring pEAP1 (Table 1). Thus, the use of the pelB leader peptide sequence in the pET-22b(+) for the high-level expression of the Tca APase gene was somewhat better than that of the original signal peptide sequence. The leader peptide sequence appears to be influencing the efficiency of gene ...
Bicoid associates with the 5 -cap-bound complex of caudal mRNA
... Translational control plays a key role in many biological processes including pattern formation during early Drosophila embryogenesis. In this process, the anterior determinant Bicoid (BCD) acts not only as a transcriptional activator of segmentation genes but also causes specific translational repr ...
... Translational control plays a key role in many biological processes including pattern formation during early Drosophila embryogenesis. In this process, the anterior determinant Bicoid (BCD) acts not only as a transcriptional activator of segmentation genes but also causes specific translational repr ...
A. Work Accomplished by You and/or Others Cellular biology of
... persistent substrate-chaperone heterocomplex (Pratt and Toft, 1997), and in some cases directed delivery of the protein to the proteolytic degradation machinery (Schneider et al., 1996). While the biochemistry of these interactions has been the subject of many years of productive investigation, how ...
... persistent substrate-chaperone heterocomplex (Pratt and Toft, 1997), and in some cases directed delivery of the protein to the proteolytic degradation machinery (Schneider et al., 1996). While the biochemistry of these interactions has been the subject of many years of productive investigation, how ...
Glycoblocks: a schematic three-dimensional
... considerable restrictions on their three-dimensional conformations, it is precisely this nonlinear nature of glycans that poses a challenge in terms of two-dimensional representation. A number of sequence formats (e.g. LINUCS, Bohne-Lang et al., 2001; GLYCO-CT, Herget et al., 2008) have been develop ...
... considerable restrictions on their three-dimensional conformations, it is precisely this nonlinear nature of glycans that poses a challenge in terms of two-dimensional representation. A number of sequence formats (e.g. LINUCS, Bohne-Lang et al., 2001; GLYCO-CT, Herget et al., 2008) have been develop ...
universidad complutense de madrid - E-Prints Complutense
... plants. In metazoans, lamins which constitute the class V of the intermediate filament superfamily are the main components of the lamina. They play important functions in the nucleus such as the regulation of chromatin organization, maintenance of nuclear morphology, mechanotransduction, physical co ...
... plants. In metazoans, lamins which constitute the class V of the intermediate filament superfamily are the main components of the lamina. They play important functions in the nucleus such as the regulation of chromatin organization, maintenance of nuclear morphology, mechanotransduction, physical co ...
Protein phosphatases and the regulation of mitosis
... enzyme (1, 2A, 4, 5 and 6) and ## is a unique number. Where there are multiple catalytic or regulatory subunit isoforms, these numbers are followed by letters , , or A, B, C. For example, MYPT is composed of PPP1C and the MYPT regulatory subunit PPP1R12A. See text for more details. (B,C)Electr ...
... enzyme (1, 2A, 4, 5 and 6) and ## is a unique number. Where there are multiple catalytic or regulatory subunit isoforms, these numbers are followed by letters , , or A, B, C. For example, MYPT is composed of PPP1C and the MYPT regulatory subunit PPP1R12A. See text for more details. (B,C)Electr ...
11206 bajek.vp
... muscle protein containing cytoplasmatic and nuclear fractions was extracted from EDL muscles by pulverization of frozen samples. The samples were immersed in a homogenizing buffer containing 1% Nonidet P-40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, and 0.1% SDS in PBS. 0.1mM phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride was added ...
... muscle protein containing cytoplasmatic and nuclear fractions was extracted from EDL muscles by pulverization of frozen samples. The samples were immersed in a homogenizing buffer containing 1% Nonidet P-40, 0.5% sodium deoxycholate, and 0.1% SDS in PBS. 0.1mM phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride was added ...
Introduction - ART
... inflammatory response (Deng et al. 2000), and the function of certain transcription factors (Kaiser et al., 2000). Ubiquitination usually results in the formation of a bond between the C-terminus of ubiquitin (G76) and the -amino group of a substrate lysine residue. This reaction requires the seque ...
... inflammatory response (Deng et al. 2000), and the function of certain transcription factors (Kaiser et al., 2000). Ubiquitination usually results in the formation of a bond between the C-terminus of ubiquitin (G76) and the -amino group of a substrate lysine residue. This reaction requires the seque ...
Hepatic Secretion of Conjugated Drugs and Endogenous Substances
... amino-proximal in front of the core sequence. A remarkable topologic feature of MRP1 and MRP2 represents their amino-terminus, which was predicted to be extracellular. This was first described for MRP2 on the basis of topology prediction programs9 and subsequently experimentally established both for ...
... amino-proximal in front of the core sequence. A remarkable topologic feature of MRP1 and MRP2 represents their amino-terminus, which was predicted to be extracellular. This was first described for MRP2 on the basis of topology prediction programs9 and subsequently experimentally established both for ...
Proc. National Academy of Sciences
... by studies indicating that (i) its highly localized site of cell wall degradation matched the restricted distribution of the isotropic noncrystalline wall architecture at root hair tips of axenic white clover seedlings that typically undergo marked curling and infection (10), (ii) the discrete hole ...
... by studies indicating that (i) its highly localized site of cell wall degradation matched the restricted distribution of the isotropic noncrystalline wall architecture at root hair tips of axenic white clover seedlings that typically undergo marked curling and infection (10), (ii) the discrete hole ...
Gene Duplication - Semantic Scholar
... Gene duplication typically occurs by one of three mutational mechanisms: unequal crossing-over, retroposition, and chromosomal (or genome) duplication. Zhang 2003 summarizes the main features of these mechanisms. Kaessmann, et al. 2009 provides detailed information a ...
... Gene duplication typically occurs by one of three mutational mechanisms: unequal crossing-over, retroposition, and chromosomal (or genome) duplication. Zhang 2003 summarizes the main features of these mechanisms. Kaessmann, et al. 2009 provides detailed information a ...
Translocation of Globin Fusion Proteins across the Endoplasmic
... is directed by a series of interactions between discrete sequences within the nascent chains and receptors (1). The mechanism by which this occurs has been studied by two general approaches. One approach used fractionation and reconstitution of translocation activity to identify critical components. ...
... is directed by a series of interactions between discrete sequences within the nascent chains and receptors (1). The mechanism by which this occurs has been studied by two general approaches. One approach used fractionation and reconstitution of translocation activity to identify critical components. ...
Cell signalling - The Open University
... the signal can be amplified (or damped down) as it travels along the signalling pathway; it can switch on multiple pathways, leading to several cellular responses in diverse regions of the cell; information can be processed from several different receptors at once to produce an integrated resp ...
... the signal can be amplified (or damped down) as it travels along the signalling pathway; it can switch on multiple pathways, leading to several cellular responses in diverse regions of the cell; information can be processed from several different receptors at once to produce an integrated resp ...
Pax6 lights-up the way for eye development Ruth Ashery
... and regulation in development of the fly and vertebrate eyes has revealed a surprising conservation of molecular mechanisms. In particular, the study of the transcription factor Pax6 promoted our understanding of the development of ocular tissues. Pax6 is a member of the Pax family of transcription ...
... and regulation in development of the fly and vertebrate eyes has revealed a surprising conservation of molecular mechanisms. In particular, the study of the transcription factor Pax6 promoted our understanding of the development of ocular tissues. Pax6 is a member of the Pax family of transcription ...
Sugar Signaling and Proteolysis in Higher Plants
... phosphate, ester phosphates, adenine nucleotides (AdN) or Pi/PPi ratio, which regulate carbohydrate metabolism, appear to be little or not at all involved in sugar regulation of gene expression in the systems studied so far (Stitt et al. 1995). Questionning the role of hexokinase as sugar sensor it ...
... phosphate, ester phosphates, adenine nucleotides (AdN) or Pi/PPi ratio, which regulate carbohydrate metabolism, appear to be little or not at all involved in sugar regulation of gene expression in the systems studied so far (Stitt et al. 1995). Questionning the role of hexokinase as sugar sensor it ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.