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Etude in vitro de la stéatose hépatique induite par la - HAL
... protein was produced in vitro in various cell types, using heterologous expression systems. These studies showed that the HCV core protein was cytoplasmic, and either associated with the ER membrane or on the surface of lipid droplets [41, 42]. Subsequent studies have confirmed these observations [4 ...
... protein was produced in vitro in various cell types, using heterologous expression systems. These studies showed that the HCV core protein was cytoplasmic, and either associated with the ER membrane or on the surface of lipid droplets [41, 42]. Subsequent studies have confirmed these observations [4 ...
Chapter 6 General discussion
... SY5Y cells. This suggests that the pathogenic events that occur in PD could be highly similar, if not identical, to the phenomena observed in our in vitro PD-mimicking culture model. In this human neuronal model, the induction of ER-stress with various PD and/or more specific ER-stress inducing tox ...
... SY5Y cells. This suggests that the pathogenic events that occur in PD could be highly similar, if not identical, to the phenomena observed in our in vitro PD-mimicking culture model. In this human neuronal model, the induction of ER-stress with various PD and/or more specific ER-stress inducing tox ...
Profilin regulates the activity of p42 , a novel Myb
... Profilins, regulators of cytoplasmic actin dynamics, also bind to several nuclear proteins but the significance of these interactions is mostly unclear. Here, we describe a novel Myb-related transcription factor, p42POP, as a new ligand for profilin and show that profilin regulates its activity. p42 ...
... Profilins, regulators of cytoplasmic actin dynamics, also bind to several nuclear proteins but the significance of these interactions is mostly unclear. Here, we describe a novel Myb-related transcription factor, p42POP, as a new ligand for profilin and show that profilin regulates its activity. p42 ...
Spinal Muscular Atrophy
... There are exceptions; therefore SMN2 copy number does not predict what will happen with an individual patient ...
... There are exceptions; therefore SMN2 copy number does not predict what will happen with an individual patient ...
PDF
... directed against the human SmB/B⬘ (SNRPB – Human Genome Nomenclature Database) proteins. Only one protein band of the expected molecular mass was detected on a western blot using this antibody, demonstrating its specificity for SmB (Fig. 2C). Immunostained egg chambers showed an accumulation of endo ...
... directed against the human SmB/B⬘ (SNRPB – Human Genome Nomenclature Database) proteins. Only one protein band of the expected molecular mass was detected on a western blot using this antibody, demonstrating its specificity for SmB (Fig. 2C). Immunostained egg chambers showed an accumulation of endo ...
MOLECULAR RECOGNITION AND RESPONSE IN POLLEN AND
... S-haplotype specificity displayed by each of these hybrid S-RNases. In constructing these chimeric genes, one allele of the S-RNase gene was used as the backbone, and the sequence for a region of another allele was swapped into the corresponding region of the backbone allele. When pairs of S-RNases ...
... S-haplotype specificity displayed by each of these hybrid S-RNases. In constructing these chimeric genes, one allele of the S-RNase gene was used as the backbone, and the sequence for a region of another allele was swapped into the corresponding region of the backbone allele. When pairs of S-RNases ...
Structural Mechanisms for Regulation of Membrane
... illustrate the remarkable degree to which Rab GEFs have evolved not only to recognize different Rab substrates but also to facilitate nucleotide exchange through largely unrelated structural mechanisms. The 17 kDa protein Mss4 and its yeast ortholog Dss4 were among the first Rab GEFs identified (62, ...
... illustrate the remarkable degree to which Rab GEFs have evolved not only to recognize different Rab substrates but also to facilitate nucleotide exchange through largely unrelated structural mechanisms. The 17 kDa protein Mss4 and its yeast ortholog Dss4 were among the first Rab GEFs identified (62, ...
Solid-phase classical complement activation by C
... Complement activation on PC- and IgG-coated surfaces In order to compare complement activation on IgG- versus (vs) PC-coated surfaces, IgG was adsorbed to hydrophobized silicon and PC-KLH immobilized to pre-fabricated cross-linked fibrinogen layers. The surfaces were subsequently incubated for 0 to ...
... Complement activation on PC- and IgG-coated surfaces In order to compare complement activation on IgG- versus (vs) PC-coated surfaces, IgG was adsorbed to hydrophobized silicon and PC-KLH immobilized to pre-fabricated cross-linked fibrinogen layers. The surfaces were subsequently incubated for 0 to ...
Dynamics of survival of motor neuron (SMN)
... deletion or mutation of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. The SMN protein plays an essential role in the assembly of spliceosomal ribonucleoproteins. However, it is still unclear how low levels of the ubiquitously expressed SMN protein lead to the selective degeneration of motor neurons. A ...
... deletion or mutation of the survival of motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene. The SMN protein plays an essential role in the assembly of spliceosomal ribonucleoproteins. However, it is still unclear how low levels of the ubiquitously expressed SMN protein lead to the selective degeneration of motor neurons. A ...
Lewis lung carcinoma regulation of mechanical stretch - AJP-Cell
... 21, 2015; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00052.2015.—Mechanical stretch can activate muscle and myotube protein synthesis through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. While it has been established that tumor-derived cachectic factors can induce myotube wasting, the effect of this catabol ...
... 21, 2015; doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00052.2015.—Mechanical stretch can activate muscle and myotube protein synthesis through mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. While it has been established that tumor-derived cachectic factors can induce myotube wasting, the effect of this catabol ...
Impaired overload-induced muscle growth is associated with
... well as deficits in total eEF2 accretion. Moreover, in overloaded muscles across both age groups, phospho-S6k at Thr389 (but not at Thr421 /Ser424 ), 4E-BP1 phosphorylation status, and total eEF2 accretion were all positively correlated with percentage muscle hypertrophy, and negatively correlated w ...
... well as deficits in total eEF2 accretion. Moreover, in overloaded muscles across both age groups, phospho-S6k at Thr389 (but not at Thr421 /Ser424 ), 4E-BP1 phosphorylation status, and total eEF2 accretion were all positively correlated with percentage muscle hypertrophy, and negatively correlated w ...
Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial protein translation in axonal and
... translation preferentially affects the maintenance of dendritic arborization in adults. We also provide evidence that human GARS shows equivalent functions in Drosophila, and that CMT2D causal mutations show loss-of-function properties. Our study highlights different demands of protein translation f ...
... translation preferentially affects the maintenance of dendritic arborization in adults. We also provide evidence that human GARS shows equivalent functions in Drosophila, and that CMT2D causal mutations show loss-of-function properties. Our study highlights different demands of protein translation f ...
Contribution of Hox genes to the diversity of the hindbrain sensory
... dorsoventral (DV) axis are dedicated to the perception of multiple sensations, such as proprioception, pain, temperature, touch, hearing, balance, taste and respiratory control. Within these nuclei, first-order sensory interneurons relay information to various spinal cord and hindbrain neurons that ...
... dorsoventral (DV) axis are dedicated to the perception of multiple sensations, such as proprioception, pain, temperature, touch, hearing, balance, taste and respiratory control. Within these nuclei, first-order sensory interneurons relay information to various spinal cord and hindbrain neurons that ...
Caspases - Essays in Biochemistry
... domains) found in pro-caspases 1, 2, 4, 5 and 9, which are important for the activation of these enzymes [10]. Activation of caspases containing long prodomains first requires oligomerization via DED or CARD domains. Following the recruitment of a single type of caspase pro-enzyme to a common oligom ...
... domains) found in pro-caspases 1, 2, 4, 5 and 9, which are important for the activation of these enzymes [10]. Activation of caspases containing long prodomains first requires oligomerization via DED or CARD domains. Following the recruitment of a single type of caspase pro-enzyme to a common oligom ...
Cardosin A Molecular Determinants and Biosynthetic Pathways
... addressed to cardosin A in reproduction, mobilization of reserves and membrane remodeling. To participate in such diverse events, cardosin A must accumulate and travel to different compartments inside the cell: protein storage vacuoles, lytic vacuoles, cytoplasmic membrane (and eventually outside th ...
... addressed to cardosin A in reproduction, mobilization of reserves and membrane remodeling. To participate in such diverse events, cardosin A must accumulate and travel to different compartments inside the cell: protein storage vacuoles, lytic vacuoles, cytoplasmic membrane (and eventually outside th ...
High-Molecular-Weight Forms of Tyrosinase and the
... TRP-2 migrated exclusively in a hig h - molecul ar-we ig ht form, as expected from its behavior on mol ecul ar sieve HPLC (Fig 1b, bottom). No TRP-2 was detected in association with th e peak of "free" tyrosinase from HPLC (Fig lb, lOp), Triton X-1 00 was used only in the initial phase of the purifi ...
... TRP-2 migrated exclusively in a hig h - molecul ar-we ig ht form, as expected from its behavior on mol ecul ar sieve HPLC (Fig 1b, bottom). No TRP-2 was detected in association with th e peak of "free" tyrosinase from HPLC (Fig lb, lOp), Triton X-1 00 was used only in the initial phase of the purifi ...
MEF2 responds to multiple calciumregulated signals in the control of
... functional interactions between calcineurin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) in the control of myoglobin and desMEF2 enhancer function. CaMKIV was shown previously to modify calcineurin-regulated transcriptional responses mediated by the CREB transcription factor in hippocampal ne ...
... functional interactions between calcineurin and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMKIV) in the control of myoglobin and desMEF2 enhancer function. CaMKIV was shown previously to modify calcineurin-regulated transcriptional responses mediated by the CREB transcription factor in hippocampal ne ...
Plant Wnt: deciphering a novel signalling pathway
... processes. Wnt gene was first reported as int-1 gene by Nusse and Varmus1 in mouse genome while working with an oncogenic retrovirus known as mouse mammary tumour virus. Later, a homolog of int-1 was identified in Drosophila as Wingless gene (wg), both of which encoded for similar glycoproteins2 and ...
... processes. Wnt gene was first reported as int-1 gene by Nusse and Varmus1 in mouse genome while working with an oncogenic retrovirus known as mouse mammary tumour virus. Later, a homolog of int-1 was identified in Drosophila as Wingless gene (wg), both of which encoded for similar glycoproteins2 and ...
SoyMilk - Soyfoods Association of North America
... days. A vigorous shake before pouring helps disperse the ingredients evenly throughout the liquid. Soymilk works in any recipe. For sauces, gravies, soups and other savory dishes, plain, less sweetened works best. Light colored desserts and sauces will have more eye appeal by using a lighter colored ...
... days. A vigorous shake before pouring helps disperse the ingredients evenly throughout the liquid. Soymilk works in any recipe. For sauces, gravies, soups and other savory dishes, plain, less sweetened works best. Light colored desserts and sauces will have more eye appeal by using a lighter colored ...
Quantification of Type VI secretion system activity in macrophages
... The Gram-negative bacterial type VI Secretion System (T6SS) delivers toxins to kill or ...
... The Gram-negative bacterial type VI Secretion System (T6SS) delivers toxins to kill or ...
Functional and structural studies of a C
... whereas the large subunit has two RNA chains (23S and 5S rRNA) of about 2904 nt and 120 nt, respectively, packed with 31 different ribosomal proteins. In bacteria, ribosomes synthesize proteins on a continuous basis at an incredible speed of > 15 peptide bonds formed per second. Despite their size d ...
... whereas the large subunit has two RNA chains (23S and 5S rRNA) of about 2904 nt and 120 nt, respectively, packed with 31 different ribosomal proteins. In bacteria, ribosomes synthesize proteins on a continuous basis at an incredible speed of > 15 peptide bonds formed per second. Despite their size d ...
Ciliary Microtubule Capping Structures Contain A
... affinity-purified antibodies were tested by immunoblotting as shown in Fig. 4 (lanes 3 and 3') and found to bind exclusively to the 97-kD protein in the cap fraction and to no proteins in the axonemal fraction. The 34-kD polypeptide that occasionally stained in the capping or axonemal fraction was n ...
... affinity-purified antibodies were tested by immunoblotting as shown in Fig. 4 (lanes 3 and 3') and found to bind exclusively to the 97-kD protein in the cap fraction and to no proteins in the axonemal fraction. The 34-kD polypeptide that occasionally stained in the capping or axonemal fraction was n ...
htp Pseudomonas aeruginosa AMANDA SWANEPOEL
... and insects (Schroth et al., 1992; Rahme et al., 1995). The success of P. aeruginosa in colonizing these diverse environments is attributed to its ability to synthesize a large number of different virulence factors such as alginate, pili and lipopolysaccharides, and secreted virulence factors, inclu ...
... and insects (Schroth et al., 1992; Rahme et al., 1995). The success of P. aeruginosa in colonizing these diverse environments is attributed to its ability to synthesize a large number of different virulence factors such as alginate, pili and lipopolysaccharides, and secreted virulence factors, inclu ...
Expression of Allene Oxide Synthase Determines - Bio
... non-inducing conditions, such as in the absence of wounding or elicitors. Contrary to this, there was a basal level of constitutive expression of the flax AOS under non-inducing conditions in all plant organs (Harms et al., 1998). A similar constitutive level of the AOS protein has also been observe ...
... non-inducing conditions, such as in the absence of wounding or elicitors. Contrary to this, there was a basal level of constitutive expression of the flax AOS under non-inducing conditions in all plant organs (Harms et al., 1998). A similar constitutive level of the AOS protein has also been observe ...
Full-Text PDF
... such interaction stimulating each other activity (ATPase for HerA and nuclease for NurA). In all of the Thermus spp. so far sequenced, an archaeal HerA homologue is encoded in the chromosome. We will call this protein helicase protein A (HepA) hereafter to avoid confusion with the extensively studie ...
... such interaction stimulating each other activity (ATPase for HerA and nuclease for NurA). In all of the Thermus spp. so far sequenced, an archaeal HerA homologue is encoded in the chromosome. We will call this protein helicase protein A (HepA) hereafter to avoid confusion with the extensively studie ...
Protein moonlighting
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/3EL3.png?width=300)
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.