![A differential response element for the homeotics at the Antennapedia P1 promoter of Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 7420-7424 .pdf](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008830908_1-b8e1dcd675b352d601c98bdc9302dcb6-300x300.png)
A differential response element for the homeotics at the Antennapedia P1 promoter of Drosophila. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 7420-7424 .pdf
... aspects of morphology in the different segments. In certain cells and tissues different homeotics even have identical functions. For example, Ubx and abd-A each suppress the formation of sensory structures called Keilin's organs in their respective domains of expression (1). But these regulators are ...
... aspects of morphology in the different segments. In certain cells and tissues different homeotics even have identical functions. For example, Ubx and abd-A each suppress the formation of sensory structures called Keilin's organs in their respective domains of expression (1). But these regulators are ...
Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology Scope
... The Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology is a peer reviewed on-line journal in open access, devoted to genes, cytogenetics, and clinical entities in cancer, and cancer-prone diseases. It presents structured review articles (“cards”) on genes, leukaemias, solid tumours, canc ...
... The Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology is a peer reviewed on-line journal in open access, devoted to genes, cytogenetics, and clinical entities in cancer, and cancer-prone diseases. It presents structured review articles (“cards”) on genes, leukaemias, solid tumours, canc ...
Molecular cloning of a laccase isozyme gene from
... the absorbance spectrum of native laccase. All these copper ions appear to be involved in the catalytic mechanism. Amino acid sequence analysis of different laccases indicates that the copper-binding sites, involving ten-histidine residues, are very highly conserved. Various fungi, several insects ( ...
... the absorbance spectrum of native laccase. All these copper ions appear to be involved in the catalytic mechanism. Amino acid sequence analysis of different laccases indicates that the copper-binding sites, involving ten-histidine residues, are very highly conserved. Various fungi, several insects ( ...
Biochemical Journal
... depends on the stimulus, but also on the cell type, because of variations in MAP2K expression levels among cell types [23,25]. In addition, several studies including genetic analysis in mice have demonstrated functional differences between MKK3 and MKK6, as discussed in [26]. Depending on the stress ...
... depends on the stimulus, but also on the cell type, because of variations in MAP2K expression levels among cell types [23,25]. In addition, several studies including genetic analysis in mice have demonstrated functional differences between MKK3 and MKK6, as discussed in [26]. Depending on the stress ...
Expression and characterization of 1
... determined to be a-helical by circular dichroism (CD). P. putida UW4 ACCD unfolded at 60 8C as determined by its CD temperature profile as well as by differential scanning microcalorimetry (DSC). Enzyme activity was knocked out in the point mutant Gly44Asp. Modeling this mutation into the known yeas ...
... determined to be a-helical by circular dichroism (CD). P. putida UW4 ACCD unfolded at 60 8C as determined by its CD temperature profile as well as by differential scanning microcalorimetry (DSC). Enzyme activity was knocked out in the point mutant Gly44Asp. Modeling this mutation into the known yeas ...
In tobacco leaf epidermal cells, the integrity of protein export from
... coat protein complexes I (COPI) and II (COPII) machineries. To date, full characterization of the distribution and dynamics of these machineries in plant cells remains elusive. Furthermore, except for a presumed linkage between COPI and COPII for the maintenance of ER protein export, the mechanisms ...
... coat protein complexes I (COPI) and II (COPII) machineries. To date, full characterization of the distribution and dynamics of these machineries in plant cells remains elusive. Furthermore, except for a presumed linkage between COPI and COPII for the maintenance of ER protein export, the mechanisms ...
Eucalyptus Arabidopsis grandis thaliana
... The ever-growing demand for wood and wood derived cellulose products coupled with the public concern about the clearance of natural flora or agricultural land to make way for the forest tree plantations has sparked a renewed interest in the genetic improvement of forest tree species. Conventional br ...
... The ever-growing demand for wood and wood derived cellulose products coupled with the public concern about the clearance of natural flora or agricultural land to make way for the forest tree plantations has sparked a renewed interest in the genetic improvement of forest tree species. Conventional br ...
Light-Related Photosynthetic Gene Expression and Enzyme Activity
... transcript levels, however, were similarly up-regulated by light in the sea slug and alga, but on a much smaller scale in the sea slug. Overall these results imply that the nuclear-encoded factors responsible for redox regulation of nuclear-encoded proteins, such as PRK, in V. litorea are probably n ...
... transcript levels, however, were similarly up-regulated by light in the sea slug and alga, but on a much smaller scale in the sea slug. Overall these results imply that the nuclear-encoded factors responsible for redox regulation of nuclear-encoded proteins, such as PRK, in V. litorea are probably n ...
... Peng, 2012). The lectins that bind to accessible carbohydrate residues from the cell wall or cell membrane trigger a cascade of biological responses. The capacity for identifying and binding glycoconjugates from the microorganism’s surface is exclusive to lectins. Consequently, they are capable of i ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document: ROLE
... FIG.3.1 Structure of modified IGS between F and HN, HN and L genes of mutant NDVs. ....... 30 FIG.3.2 RT-PCR analysis of the F-HN and HN-L IGS from mutant NDVs. ............................... 39 FIG.3.3 Kinetics of replication of mutant NDVs in DF-1 cells. .......................................... ...
... FIG.3.1 Structure of modified IGS between F and HN, HN and L genes of mutant NDVs. ....... 30 FIG.3.2 RT-PCR analysis of the F-HN and HN-L IGS from mutant NDVs. ............................... 39 FIG.3.3 Kinetics of replication of mutant NDVs in DF-1 cells. .......................................... ...
pdf file - John Innes Centre
... PII proteins are one of the most widespread families of signal transduction proteins in nature, being ubiquitous throughout bacteria, archaea, and plants. They play a major role in coordinating nitrogen metabolism by interacting with, and regulating the activities of, a variety of enzymes, transcrip ...
... PII proteins are one of the most widespread families of signal transduction proteins in nature, being ubiquitous throughout bacteria, archaea, and plants. They play a major role in coordinating nitrogen metabolism by interacting with, and regulating the activities of, a variety of enzymes, transcrip ...
Click Anywhere to Continue
... For a reaction to occur, an energy barrier must be overcome. This is called… ...
... For a reaction to occur, an energy barrier must be overcome. This is called… ...
Protein-Reactive Natural Products
... are now confronting the task of understanding the cellular and molecular functions of thousands of predicted gene products. The genome gives rise to the proteome, and it is the combinatorial interactions among proteins that make living organisms so complex at the molecular level. Elucidating the thr ...
... are now confronting the task of understanding the cellular and molecular functions of thousands of predicted gene products. The genome gives rise to the proteome, and it is the combinatorial interactions among proteins that make living organisms so complex at the molecular level. Elucidating the thr ...
Transcription • Transcription factors • Chromatin • RNA polymerase II
... well as prokaryotes; not essential for viability. Yeast mutant lacking all its cyclophilins and FKBP binding proteins still alive! - bind immunosuppressants FK506 and rapamycin (but not cyclosporin A) - both cyclophilins and FKBP’s form complexes with the molecular chaperone Hsp90, perhaps to cataly ...
... well as prokaryotes; not essential for viability. Yeast mutant lacking all its cyclophilins and FKBP binding proteins still alive! - bind immunosuppressants FK506 and rapamycin (but not cyclosporin A) - both cyclophilins and FKBP’s form complexes with the molecular chaperone Hsp90, perhaps to cataly ...
In tobacco leaf epidermal cells, the integrity of protein export from
... coat protein complexes I (COPI) and II (COPII) machineries. To date, full characterization of the distribution and dynamics of these machineries in plant cells remains elusive. Furthermore, except for a presumed linkage between COPI and COPII for the maintenance of ER protein export, the mechanisms ...
... coat protein complexes I (COPI) and II (COPII) machineries. To date, full characterization of the distribution and dynamics of these machineries in plant cells remains elusive. Furthermore, except for a presumed linkage between COPI and COPII for the maintenance of ER protein export, the mechanisms ...
Organo-Mineral–Enzyme Interaction and Soil Enzyme
... Organo-Mineral–Enzyme Interaction and Soil Enzyme Activity • Enzyme adsorption/stabilization • Enzyme adsorption/alteration of activity via surface charge or pH change • Enzyme adsorption/alter activity via conformational changes or steric factors • Restriction of co-enzyme availability ...
... Organo-Mineral–Enzyme Interaction and Soil Enzyme Activity • Enzyme adsorption/stabilization • Enzyme adsorption/alteration of activity via surface charge or pH change • Enzyme adsorption/alter activity via conformational changes or steric factors • Restriction of co-enzyme availability ...
Study of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) as
... Escherichia Coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Peroxynitrite formation (near diffusionlimited reaction between NO and O2-) was monitored by measuring nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity with selective antibodies. Three indirect indices of oxidative stress were also used to detect protein oxidation (carbonyl ...
... Escherichia Coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Peroxynitrite formation (near diffusionlimited reaction between NO and O2-) was monitored by measuring nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity with selective antibodies. Three indirect indices of oxidative stress were also used to detect protein oxidation (carbonyl ...
Conservation of Brachyury (T) genes in amphioxus and vertebrates
... because these are the only invertebrate animals to possess a notochord. Yasuo and Satoh (1993, 1994) reported the cloning of a Brachyury homologue (As-T) from the ascidian tunicate Halocynthia roretzi. Their precise description of As-T expression, at the single cell level, revealed a significant dif ...
... because these are the only invertebrate animals to possess a notochord. Yasuo and Satoh (1993, 1994) reported the cloning of a Brachyury homologue (As-T) from the ascidian tunicate Halocynthia roretzi. Their precise description of As-T expression, at the single cell level, revealed a significant dif ...
Look on the positive side! The orientation, identi¢cation and
... as waste products. The organism has been shown to grow slowly under heterotrophic conditions with lactate as an electron donor and nitrate as an electron acceptor (Wu et al., 2005). The second hit is in Moorella thermoacetica ATCC 39073. This strict anaerobe is also a Gram-positive Firmicutes and a ...
... as waste products. The organism has been shown to grow slowly under heterotrophic conditions with lactate as an electron donor and nitrate as an electron acceptor (Wu et al., 2005). The second hit is in Moorella thermoacetica ATCC 39073. This strict anaerobe is also a Gram-positive Firmicutes and a ...
Divergent Functional Properties of the Ribosome
... fragment into the same sites of pRS316⌬KX-ABA (James et al., 1997) to generate pRS316⌬KX-SSA1-V435F. The V435F mutation in BAB was cloned as a 0.55-kb MunI-XhoI fragment into the same sites of pRS316⌬KX-BAB to generate pRS316⌬KX-BAB-V435F. To generate the His-tagged version of SSB, a BamHI site was ...
... fragment into the same sites of pRS316⌬KX-ABA (James et al., 1997) to generate pRS316⌬KX-SSA1-V435F. The V435F mutation in BAB was cloned as a 0.55-kb MunI-XhoI fragment into the same sites of pRS316⌬KX-BAB to generate pRS316⌬KX-BAB-V435F. To generate the His-tagged version of SSB, a BamHI site was ...
Mutational Analysis of Synaptobrevin Transmembrane Domain
... gave higher CAT activity than the GpA G83I mutant. This suggests that there is some association. However, none of these constructs gave more than 25% of the CAT activity seen for the GpA wild-type sequence. As our results from the TOXCAT analysis are in conflict with previously published results (16 ...
... gave higher CAT activity than the GpA G83I mutant. This suggests that there is some association. However, none of these constructs gave more than 25% of the CAT activity seen for the GpA wild-type sequence. As our results from the TOXCAT analysis are in conflict with previously published results (16 ...
PDF - Wiley Online Library
... Bacteriophages have developed multiple host cell lysis strategies to promote release of descendant virions from infected bacteria. This review is focused on the lysis mechanisms employed by tailed double-stranded DNA bacteriophages, where new developments have recently emerged. These phages seem to ...
... Bacteriophages have developed multiple host cell lysis strategies to promote release of descendant virions from infected bacteria. This review is focused on the lysis mechanisms employed by tailed double-stranded DNA bacteriophages, where new developments have recently emerged. These phages seem to ...
Endosperm Origin, Development, and Function
... and embryo, even though these tissues are remarkably different at the morphological and physiological levels. Such a conclusion could be viewed as further support for Friedman’s (1990a, 1992) hypothesis of endosperm evolution from a supernumerary embryo (Olsen et al. 1992). Genetic analysis suggests ...
... and embryo, even though these tissues are remarkably different at the morphological and physiological levels. Such a conclusion could be viewed as further support for Friedman’s (1990a, 1992) hypothesis of endosperm evolution from a supernumerary embryo (Olsen et al. 1992). Genetic analysis suggests ...
Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human
... Correlation with predicted secondary structure Secondary structure predictions of the exon sequences containing the SNPs show that SNPs are found in all the secondary structural elements: helical, beta-sheet and coil regions. While the absolute number of SNPs in coils is generally more than the numb ...
... Correlation with predicted secondary structure Secondary structure predictions of the exon sequences containing the SNPs show that SNPs are found in all the secondary structural elements: helical, beta-sheet and coil regions. While the absolute number of SNPs in coils is generally more than the numb ...
Association of FMRP with Ribosomal Precursor Particles in the
... since in cells from fragile X patients, lacking FMRP, a normal transport of ribosomes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm occurs. On the other hand, the RNA binding properties of FMRP and the in vitro association with ribosomes led to different proposals for a theoretical function for FMRP. One possib ...
... since in cells from fragile X patients, lacking FMRP, a normal transport of ribosomes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm occurs. On the other hand, the RNA binding properties of FMRP and the in vitro association with ribosomes led to different proposals for a theoretical function for FMRP. One possib ...
Protein moonlighting
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/3EL3.png?width=300)
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.