Construction of Recombinant Expression Vectors to Study the Effect
... studies have shown that linkage to thioredoxin increases the yield of biologically active proteins expressed in Escherichia coli. How thioredoxin promotes protein solubility is not known, although a catalytic contribution involving the formation of disulphide bonds in the E. coli cytoplasm has been ...
... studies have shown that linkage to thioredoxin increases the yield of biologically active proteins expressed in Escherichia coli. How thioredoxin promotes protein solubility is not known, although a catalytic contribution involving the formation of disulphide bonds in the E. coli cytoplasm has been ...
Genes Code for Proteins
... provided a wild-type copy of each gene. The heterozygote has wild phenotype, and thus the two genes are said to complement. The complementation test is shown in more detail in FIGURE 2.3. The basic test consists of the comparison shown in the top part of the figure. If two mutations lie in the same ...
... provided a wild-type copy of each gene. The heterozygote has wild phenotype, and thus the two genes are said to complement. The complementation test is shown in more detail in FIGURE 2.3. The basic test consists of the comparison shown in the top part of the figure. If two mutations lie in the same ...
Working concentrations and stock solutions
... 1. Prepare and autoclave/sterilize stock media. Be sure that the flask contains a stir-bar. 2. The solution must cool before adding antibiotics as the heat may inactive them. Let the flask equilibrate in the water bath set at 55-60o C for a minimum of 30 min. At this point, agar solutions should be ...
... 1. Prepare and autoclave/sterilize stock media. Be sure that the flask contains a stir-bar. 2. The solution must cool before adding antibiotics as the heat may inactive them. Let the flask equilibrate in the water bath set at 55-60o C for a minimum of 30 min. At this point, agar solutions should be ...
Repeat proteins challenge the concept of structural domains
... Definition of the repeat-units Over the last years, several algorithms have been used to characterize repetitions in protein sequences. Most methods are based on the self-alignment of the primary structure and more sophisticated implementations use spectral analysis of pseudo-chemical characteristics ...
... Definition of the repeat-units Over the last years, several algorithms have been used to characterize repetitions in protein sequences. Most methods are based on the self-alignment of the primary structure and more sophisticated implementations use spectral analysis of pseudo-chemical characteristics ...
Hin- und Rückflug: €199,37
... dynamics and mediate the anchorage of microtubules to different cellular structures, including kinetochores and membrane compartments. As such, they play important roles in all microtubule-based cellular processes. +TIPs comprise a structurally and functionally diverse group of multidomain and/or mu ...
... dynamics and mediate the anchorage of microtubules to different cellular structures, including kinetochores and membrane compartments. As such, they play important roles in all microtubule-based cellular processes. +TIPs comprise a structurally and functionally diverse group of multidomain and/or mu ...
Huntingtin-interacting protein 14 is a type 1 diabetes
... susceptibility risk, only few causal genes have currently been identified. To identify disease-causing genes in T1D, we performed an in silico “phenome–interactome analysis” on a genome-wide linkage scan dataset. This method prioritizes candidates according to their physical interactions at the prote ...
... susceptibility risk, only few causal genes have currently been identified. To identify disease-causing genes in T1D, we performed an in silico “phenome–interactome analysis” on a genome-wide linkage scan dataset. This method prioritizes candidates according to their physical interactions at the prote ...
Cloning of the Human Interferon-Related Developmental Regulator
... nerve growth factor-inducible sequence in PC12 cells. Although its function remains unknown, recently it has been shown that PC4 is necessary to muscle differentiation and that it might have a role in signal transduction. We report the isolation of the human homolog of the rat PC4 gene, renamed here ...
... nerve growth factor-inducible sequence in PC12 cells. Although its function remains unknown, recently it has been shown that PC4 is necessary to muscle differentiation and that it might have a role in signal transduction. We report the isolation of the human homolog of the rat PC4 gene, renamed here ...
EP02/AH/02 Biology
... spines. To investigate the relevance of this feature to Daphnia survival, laboratory experiments were carried out to compare the population dynamics of D. lumholtzi with Daphnia pulicaria, the most widely distributed American species. All the experiments were conducted under standard conditions of t ...
... spines. To investigate the relevance of this feature to Daphnia survival, laboratory experiments were carried out to compare the population dynamics of D. lumholtzi with Daphnia pulicaria, the most widely distributed American species. All the experiments were conducted under standard conditions of t ...
Solution to Practice Exam 2
... Mutant 1 will encode a truncated protein. The codon corresponding to the amino acid 302 in the PKA transcript of this mutant is a stop codon. Thus the PKA protein produced by mutant 1 will only be 301 amino acids long instead of 305. In comparison, the mutation in mutant 2 is a silent mutation and h ...
... Mutant 1 will encode a truncated protein. The codon corresponding to the amino acid 302 in the PKA transcript of this mutant is a stop codon. Thus the PKA protein produced by mutant 1 will only be 301 amino acids long instead of 305. In comparison, the mutation in mutant 2 is a silent mutation and h ...
Guard Cells Possess a Calcium-Dependent
... stomata and stimulates closure of open stomata in isolated epidermal peels of Commelina communis (De Silva et al., 1985; Schwartz, 1985; Schwartz et al., 1988); such Ca21 application is known to increase cytosolic Ca21 levels (Gilroy et al., 1991). In addition, a variety of stimuli such as ABA, CO2, ...
... stomata and stimulates closure of open stomata in isolated epidermal peels of Commelina communis (De Silva et al., 1985; Schwartz, 1985; Schwartz et al., 1988); such Ca21 application is known to increase cytosolic Ca21 levels (Gilroy et al., 1991). In addition, a variety of stimuli such as ABA, CO2, ...
At One Hundred: The Living Legacy of Francis Crick
... there with a project to measure the viscosity of water at high temperatures. This work was interrupted by World War II (and Crick’s equipment was destroyed by a German bomb in 1942). During the war, Crick worked with distinction for the Admiralty Research Laboratory on the design and detection of mi ...
... there with a project to measure the viscosity of water at high temperatures. This work was interrupted by World War II (and Crick’s equipment was destroyed by a German bomb in 1942). During the war, Crick worked with distinction for the Admiralty Research Laboratory on the design and detection of mi ...
Shaping the Endoplasmic Reticulum into a Social Network
... are constantly pulled out of the plane of ER membranes; an effect related to microtubule sliding or tip binding [23]. The small GTPase Rab10 marks the growing tip of ER tubules [15]. Overexpression of a dominant-negative form or depletion of Rab10 causes ER sheet expansion. When a microtubule-based ...
... are constantly pulled out of the plane of ER membranes; an effect related to microtubule sliding or tip binding [23]. The small GTPase Rab10 marks the growing tip of ER tubules [15]. Overexpression of a dominant-negative form or depletion of Rab10 causes ER sheet expansion. When a microtubule-based ...
Use of the non-radioactive SUnSET method to detect decreased
... reviewed [20], and has been widely employed in human cell lines [21] and human tissue, including skeletal muscle [22] and the hippocampus [23]; however, SUnSET has not been demonstrated in plants. Briefly, this technique requires treatment and uptake of the antibiotic puromycin, a structural analogu ...
... reviewed [20], and has been widely employed in human cell lines [21] and human tissue, including skeletal muscle [22] and the hippocampus [23]; however, SUnSET has not been demonstrated in plants. Briefly, this technique requires treatment and uptake of the antibiotic puromycin, a structural analogu ...
Export To Word
... The student will connect changes that occur in the genetic code, during transcription and translation, to the deleterious impact on proto oncogenes that promote cell division and tumor suppressor genes that normally inhibit it. This lesson will clear misconceptions and probe student thinking by util ...
... The student will connect changes that occur in the genetic code, during transcription and translation, to the deleterious impact on proto oncogenes that promote cell division and tumor suppressor genes that normally inhibit it. This lesson will clear misconceptions and probe student thinking by util ...
Chapter 17 Notes
... Several different snRNPs join with a variety of proteins to form a larger assembly called a spliceosome, which is about the size of a ribosome. ...
... Several different snRNPs join with a variety of proteins to form a larger assembly called a spliceosome, which is about the size of a ribosome. ...
A Search for Genes Encoding Histidine
... the ribosome translating the leader peptide does not reach the stop codon and an RNA hairpin is formed to prevent initiation of structural gene translation. If histidine is excessive, the ribosome rapidly translates the leader peptide and unwinds or prevents formation the RNA helix. After reaching t ...
... the ribosome translating the leader peptide does not reach the stop codon and an RNA hairpin is formed to prevent initiation of structural gene translation. If histidine is excessive, the ribosome rapidly translates the leader peptide and unwinds or prevents formation the RNA helix. After reaching t ...
Chapter 17 lecture notes
... In some organisms, RNA splicing occurs without proteins or additional RNA molecules: The intron RNA functions as a ribozyme and catalyzes its own excision. ...
... In some organisms, RNA splicing occurs without proteins or additional RNA molecules: The intron RNA functions as a ribozyme and catalyzes its own excision. ...
Protein Synthesis
... In some organisms, RNA splicing occurs without proteins or additional RNA molecules: The intron RNA functions as a ribozyme and catalyzes its own excision. ...
... In some organisms, RNA splicing occurs without proteins or additional RNA molecules: The intron RNA functions as a ribozyme and catalyzes its own excision. ...
Kidney function test
... Renal function tests • Glomerular function tests: all the clearance tests (innulin, creatinine, urea) • Tubular function test: urine concentration or dilution test or urine acidification test • Analysis of blood/serum: blood urea, serum creatinine, protein and electrolytes • Urine examination: simp ...
... Renal function tests • Glomerular function tests: all the clearance tests (innulin, creatinine, urea) • Tubular function test: urine concentration or dilution test or urine acidification test • Analysis of blood/serum: blood urea, serum creatinine, protein and electrolytes • Urine examination: simp ...
The Evolution of Multimeric Protein Assemblages R esearch article
... Key words: complex adaptation, dimer, genome evolution, heteromer, molecular evolution, random genetic drift. Although the earliest cells must have been considerably simpler than any of today’s free-living organisms, the mechanisms by which complex cellular features emerge remain unclear. However, r ...
... Key words: complex adaptation, dimer, genome evolution, heteromer, molecular evolution, random genetic drift. Although the earliest cells must have been considerably simpler than any of today’s free-living organisms, the mechanisms by which complex cellular features emerge remain unclear. However, r ...
The genetic code of gene regulatory elements
... – 1% of sequence is conserved between humans and fish – 75% of genes are conserved between humans and fish RE E1 is highly conserved in human and mouse genomes. Comparative genomics can be utilized to prioritize functional elements ...
... – 1% of sequence is conserved between humans and fish – 75% of genes are conserved between humans and fish RE E1 is highly conserved in human and mouse genomes. Comparative genomics can be utilized to prioritize functional elements ...
Pharos university Faculty of Allied Medical SCIENCE Biochemistry 1
... atom, and a fourth group that differs from one amino acid to another and often is referred to as the-R group or the side chain. ...
... atom, and a fourth group that differs from one amino acid to another and often is referred to as the-R group or the side chain. ...
CHAPTER 17 FROM GENE TO PROTEIN
... Several different snRNPs join with a variety of proteins to form a larger assembly called a spliceosome, which is about the size of a ribosome. ...
... Several different snRNPs join with a variety of proteins to form a larger assembly called a spliceosome, which is about the size of a ribosome. ...
Noppl40 Shuttles on Tracks
... (UTRs). Figure 1 delineates the nucleotide sequence and the predicted amino acid sequence of the cDNAs pTM17 (A) and pTM6 (B). The coding sequences were identical except for the CAG triplet encoding glutamine 150 in pTM17 (Figure lA), which was absent in pTM6 as confirmed by sequencing of several in ...
... (UTRs). Figure 1 delineates the nucleotide sequence and the predicted amino acid sequence of the cDNAs pTM17 (A) and pTM6 (B). The coding sequences were identical except for the CAG triplet encoding glutamine 150 in pTM17 (Figure lA), which was absent in pTM6 as confirmed by sequencing of several in ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.