CHAPTER 16
... Concept check: Under what conditions is the lac repressor bound to the lac operon? Answer: The lac repressor is bound to the lac operon when it is not exposed to lactose— when allolactose is not bound to the repressor. FIGURE 16.8 Concept check: Why is it beneficial to the bacterium to regulate the ...
... Concept check: Under what conditions is the lac repressor bound to the lac operon? Answer: The lac repressor is bound to the lac operon when it is not exposed to lactose— when allolactose is not bound to the repressor. FIGURE 16.8 Concept check: Why is it beneficial to the bacterium to regulate the ...
- Wiley Online Library
... into HEK293T cells. Expression and subcellular localization of the FH products were determined. In contrast to the endogenous FH, when expressed from the pFH plasmid, harboring only the coding sequence of FH, the protein is completely imported into the mitochondria as detected by subcellular fractio ...
... into HEK293T cells. Expression and subcellular localization of the FH products were determined. In contrast to the endogenous FH, when expressed from the pFH plasmid, harboring only the coding sequence of FH, the protein is completely imported into the mitochondria as detected by subcellular fractio ...
putative mineral-specific proteins synthesized by a
... manipulations were performed inside an anaerobe chamber (Coy Laboratory Products, Ann Arbor, MI) with an atmosphere of N2:H2 (95:5); glass bottles were stopped with butyl rubber stoppers; air was not bubbled through the cultures. Cells were harvested at exponential growth phase by centrifugation. Th ...
... manipulations were performed inside an anaerobe chamber (Coy Laboratory Products, Ann Arbor, MI) with an atmosphere of N2:H2 (95:5); glass bottles were stopped with butyl rubber stoppers; air was not bubbled through the cultures. Cells were harvested at exponential growth phase by centrifugation. Th ...
From Flower to Seed Germination in Cynara cardunculus: A Role for
... Cardosins are plant aspartic proteinases (APs) isolated from the flowers of Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon) and are responsible for their milk-clotting activity used to manufacture ewe’s cheese. Cardosin A is mainly accumulated in protein storage vacuoles of the stigmatic papillae being suggested a ...
... Cardosins are plant aspartic proteinases (APs) isolated from the flowers of Cynara cardunculus L. (cardoon) and are responsible for their milk-clotting activity used to manufacture ewe’s cheese. Cardosin A is mainly accumulated in protein storage vacuoles of the stigmatic papillae being suggested a ...
outer membrane proteins as virulence determinants of
... Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women and children are most often caused by uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Recent studies reveal that bladder epithelial binding by UPEC is followed by an extensive intracellular phase of pathogenes ...
... Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) in women and children are most often caused by uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC). Recent studies reveal that bladder epithelial binding by UPEC is followed by an extensive intracellular phase of pathogenes ...
Playing Biology’s Name Game: Identifying Protein Names In
... An accompanying automatic curation procedure based on a simple token model of protein names An efficient search algorithm to analyze all abstracts in MEDLINE Parameters are optimized using machine learning techniques ...
... An accompanying automatic curation procedure based on a simple token model of protein names An efficient search algorithm to analyze all abstracts in MEDLINE Parameters are optimized using machine learning techniques ...
The Dock and Lock Method: A Novel
... C-DDD1-Fab-hMN-14, was generated by linking the DDD1 peptide sequence, which is composed of amino acids 1 to 44 of human RIIa, to the COOH-terminal end of the Fd chain via a 14-residue flexible peptide linker (Fig. 2B). This construct was modified by incorporation of a cysteine residue adjacent to t ...
... C-DDD1-Fab-hMN-14, was generated by linking the DDD1 peptide sequence, which is composed of amino acids 1 to 44 of human RIIa, to the COOH-terminal end of the Fd chain via a 14-residue flexible peptide linker (Fig. 2B). This construct was modified by incorporation of a cysteine residue adjacent to t ...
Scale-free networks - Chair of Computational Biology
... Expansion of protein families in multcellular vertebrates coincides with higher connectivity of the respective domains. Extensive shuffling of domains to increase combinatorial diversity might provide protein sets which are sufficient to preserve cellular procedures without dramatically expanding th ...
... Expansion of protein families in multcellular vertebrates coincides with higher connectivity of the respective domains. Extensive shuffling of domains to increase combinatorial diversity might provide protein sets which are sufficient to preserve cellular procedures without dramatically expanding th ...
GUDMAP Crym analysis
... point (E15.5) and screened the mice for their ability to aid in the isolation of specific components from the developing kidney for gene expression profiling. We have utilized Crym-EGFP transgenic mice to examine the transcription profile of cells at E15.5 as well as several other developmental time ...
... point (E15.5) and screened the mice for their ability to aid in the isolation of specific components from the developing kidney for gene expression profiling. We have utilized Crym-EGFP transgenic mice to examine the transcription profile of cells at E15.5 as well as several other developmental time ...
12.4 G Protein–Coupled Receptors and Second Messengers
... b kinase. (b) The substrate-binding region of a catalytic subunit revealed by x-ray crystallography (derived from PDB ID 1JBP). Enzyme side chains known to be critical in substrate binding and specificity are in blue. The peptide substrate (red) lies in a groove in the enzyme surface, with its Ser r ...
... b kinase. (b) The substrate-binding region of a catalytic subunit revealed by x-ray crystallography (derived from PDB ID 1JBP). Enzyme side chains known to be critical in substrate binding and specificity are in blue. The peptide substrate (red) lies in a groove in the enzyme surface, with its Ser r ...
Lipids affect the function of membrane proteins
... For example, the scientists found that the functional form of a bacterial amino acid transporter called LeuT has three phospholipids and one cardiolipin per subunit. A bacterial sugar transporter called SemiSWEET binds lipids when it forms its functional dimeric form. “These lipids are critical for ...
... For example, the scientists found that the functional form of a bacterial amino acid transporter called LeuT has three phospholipids and one cardiolipin per subunit. A bacterial sugar transporter called SemiSWEET binds lipids when it forms its functional dimeric form. “These lipids are critical for ...
An essential gene, ESR1, is required for mitotic
... division, whereas meiosis I is unique and involves homologous chromosome pairing, synaptonemal complex formation and chromosome segregation. These events are related to meiotic recombination, which occurs at a very high level during meiosis ...
... division, whereas meiosis I is unique and involves homologous chromosome pairing, synaptonemal complex formation and chromosome segregation. These events are related to meiotic recombination, which occurs at a very high level during meiosis ...
MagneHis™ Protein Purification System Technical Manual
... 4. For every 1 O.D.600, dilute 10µl of FastBreak™ Cell Lysis Reagent, 10X, to 100µl (1X) by adding 90µl of NANOpure® or double-distilled water. Do not process more than 1 O.D.600 of culture per 100µl of 1X FastBreak™ Cell Lysis Reagent. 5. Resuspend the cell pellet in 1X FastBreak™ Cell Lysis Reage ...
... 4. For every 1 O.D.600, dilute 10µl of FastBreak™ Cell Lysis Reagent, 10X, to 100µl (1X) by adding 90µl of NANOpure® or double-distilled water. Do not process more than 1 O.D.600 of culture per 100µl of 1X FastBreak™ Cell Lysis Reagent. 5. Resuspend the cell pellet in 1X FastBreak™ Cell Lysis Reage ...
Sulphur Metabolism on the Anaerobic Earth Dr
... involvement in sulphur metabolism, although none had previously been studied or associated with particular molecular processes. Convinced that they were on the right track, the team then used genetic engineering approaches to selectively delete the newly discovered genes from the chromosome of Metha ...
... involvement in sulphur metabolism, although none had previously been studied or associated with particular molecular processes. Convinced that they were on the right track, the team then used genetic engineering approaches to selectively delete the newly discovered genes from the chromosome of Metha ...
Living Synaptic Vesicle Marker: Synaptotagmin-GFP
... to Leu and Ser 65 to Thr and fluoresces 35-fold more intensely than wild-type GFP when excited at 488 nm, based on spectral analysis of equal amounts of soluble protein (Cormack et al., 1996). Four syt-eGFP transgenic lines were generated; one with insertion on the X chromosome, two on the second ch ...
... to Leu and Ser 65 to Thr and fluoresces 35-fold more intensely than wild-type GFP when excited at 488 nm, based on spectral analysis of equal amounts of soluble protein (Cormack et al., 1996). Four syt-eGFP transgenic lines were generated; one with insertion on the X chromosome, two on the second ch ...
Heart, Vascular Smooth Muscle, Excitation
... compliance, and cardiac contractility. We now turn to specific functionalities for cardiac contractility based on Ca2+ signaling in excitation-contraction coupling. The modifications discussed apply specifically to cardiac muscle and not to skeletal muscle. The observations described might raise que ...
... compliance, and cardiac contractility. We now turn to specific functionalities for cardiac contractility based on Ca2+ signaling in excitation-contraction coupling. The modifications discussed apply specifically to cardiac muscle and not to skeletal muscle. The observations described might raise que ...
Bioinformatics Unit 1: Data Bases and Alignments
... Searches and Alignments (cont.) • Filters: usually part of an alignment algorithm and are turned on by default. – The filter masks (hides) regions of the query sequence (your sequence) that have low compositional complexity (like poly A tails). Masking is achieved by replacing the sequence with a st ...
... Searches and Alignments (cont.) • Filters: usually part of an alignment algorithm and are turned on by default. – The filter masks (hides) regions of the query sequence (your sequence) that have low compositional complexity (like poly A tails). Masking is achieved by replacing the sequence with a st ...
Tertiary Protein Structure Prediction with Profile Analysis: A Case Study
... predicted that was conserved throughout the sequences from various species. It is known that the biological and immunological activity of CCK-58 is different than its close relatives, CCK-8 and CCK-33, which share the same binding regions. This suggests that this sort of packing may actually occur i ...
... predicted that was conserved throughout the sequences from various species. It is known that the biological and immunological activity of CCK-58 is different than its close relatives, CCK-8 and CCK-33, which share the same binding regions. This suggests that this sort of packing may actually occur i ...
Homework # 7 Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
... protein on the outside of the cell wall and prevents any alcohol from entering the cell. Ques. 21. How does alcohol work as a disinfectant on the skin? In addition to the tertiary structure shown below, what other types of structure is also disrupted - be specific? ...
... protein on the outside of the cell wall and prevents any alcohol from entering the cell. Ques. 21. How does alcohol work as a disinfectant on the skin? In addition to the tertiary structure shown below, what other types of structure is also disrupted - be specific? ...
The Advantages of Fluorescent Proteins Over Luciferase
... produced. The light generated by this chemical reaction is called bioluminescence. Bioluminescence can be found on hundreds of life forms. The specific molecules involved, such as the structure of the luciferase and luciferin, and thus the color of light produced, can vary. Figure 1 shows one exampl ...
... produced. The light generated by this chemical reaction is called bioluminescence. Bioluminescence can be found on hundreds of life forms. The specific molecules involved, such as the structure of the luciferase and luciferin, and thus the color of light produced, can vary. Figure 1 shows one exampl ...
GELBANK: a database of annotated two
... proteins, these 2DE gel patterns provide information of relative abundance, MW and pI of isolated proteins in the given pI and MW range. The stained protein spots can be identi®ed by peptide mass ®ngerprinting by comparing the peptide masses of digested proteins cut out of 2DE gels with the predicte ...
... proteins, these 2DE gel patterns provide information of relative abundance, MW and pI of isolated proteins in the given pI and MW range. The stained protein spots can be identi®ed by peptide mass ®ngerprinting by comparing the peptide masses of digested proteins cut out of 2DE gels with the predicte ...
Biol115_2014_Lecture 10_Prokaryotic Gene Regulation
... Overview: conducting the genetic orchestra" • The genome contains all of the information needed for the growth and development of individuals." • Gene expression refers to the use of DNA sequences to synthesise RNA and proteins." • Some genes are expressed all the time (constitutive or housekeep ...
... Overview: conducting the genetic orchestra" • The genome contains all of the information needed for the growth and development of individuals." • Gene expression refers to the use of DNA sequences to synthesise RNA and proteins." • Some genes are expressed all the time (constitutive or housekeep ...
Thai Sports Supplements Co., Ltd.
... blood stream and muscle tissues extremely quickly. Despite this, whey protein concentrate will be enough to satisfy their daily protein requirements of most sports people. For those wanting to extract an extra advantage from their diet and training or drop that extra percentage of body-fat, then whe ...
... blood stream and muscle tissues extremely quickly. Despite this, whey protein concentrate will be enough to satisfy their daily protein requirements of most sports people. For those wanting to extract an extra advantage from their diet and training or drop that extra percentage of body-fat, then whe ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.