mTORC1 regulates the efficiency and cellular capacity for protein
... (15–30 min) dephosphorylation of eEF2 [8–10]. They also cause the inactivation of eEF2K and, in almost all cases, this effect, and the dephosphorylation of eEF2, are blocked by rapamycin, showing that the effects are mediated through mTORC1. The finding that eEF2K is phosphorylated (on Ser366 ) and ...
... (15–30 min) dephosphorylation of eEF2 [8–10]. They also cause the inactivation of eEF2K and, in almost all cases, this effect, and the dephosphorylation of eEF2, are blocked by rapamycin, showing that the effects are mediated through mTORC1. The finding that eEF2K is phosphorylated (on Ser366 ) and ...
Abstract/Session Information for Program Number 1264
... TRPS1 and RUNX2 are transcription factors important in skeletal development. Mutations in TRPS1 cause tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome (TRPS), while loss of function mutations of RUNX2 lead to cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD). Both TRPS and CCD patients exhibit short stature, brachydactyly and cone-sha ...
... TRPS1 and RUNX2 are transcription factors important in skeletal development. Mutations in TRPS1 cause tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome (TRPS), while loss of function mutations of RUNX2 lead to cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD). Both TRPS and CCD patients exhibit short stature, brachydactyly and cone-sha ...
biopatt - Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science
... • “Suspected” properties: They may be – in the non-coding regions – relatively more continuous and short – working together with many other factors ...
... • “Suspected” properties: They may be – in the non-coding regions – relatively more continuous and short – working together with many other factors ...
Quantitative Host Cell Protein Analysis Using Two
... ABSTRACT: Host cell proteins (HCPs) are bioprocess-related impurities arising from cell-death or secretion from nonhuman cells used for recombinant protein production. Clearance of HCPs through downstream purification (DSP) is required to produce safe and efficacious therapeutic proteins. While traditi ...
... ABSTRACT: Host cell proteins (HCPs) are bioprocess-related impurities arising from cell-death or secretion from nonhuman cells used for recombinant protein production. Clearance of HCPs through downstream purification (DSP) is required to produce safe and efficacious therapeutic proteins. While traditi ...
BI0I 121 cell and tissues
... Transcription of sucrose-digesting genes is prevented by the presence of the sucrose regulator on its operator. The regulator is released from the operator when it binds sucrose. There is A. negative control with induction of enzyme synthesis. B. negative control with repression of enzyme synthesis. ...
... Transcription of sucrose-digesting genes is prevented by the presence of the sucrose regulator on its operator. The regulator is released from the operator when it binds sucrose. There is A. negative control with induction of enzyme synthesis. B. negative control with repression of enzyme synthesis. ...
The Unfolded Protein Response Is Triggered by a Plant Viral
... among mammals, yeast, and plants, although mammals and plants each have additional factors that lead to unique and complex sets of cellular responses (Xu et al., 2005; Zhang and Kaufman, 2006; Supplemental Fig. S1). Nutrient depletion or pharmacological agents, such as tunicamycin, have been used to ...
... among mammals, yeast, and plants, although mammals and plants each have additional factors that lead to unique and complex sets of cellular responses (Xu et al., 2005; Zhang and Kaufman, 2006; Supplemental Fig. S1). Nutrient depletion or pharmacological agents, such as tunicamycin, have been used to ...
The Escherichia coli uropathogenic-specific-protein
... Surprisingly, EMSA showed that Imu3 binds linear and circular (Figure 4B) DNA as well as RNA molecules. When Imu3 reached a critical concentration (ca. 1 μg Imu3 per 100 ng double-stranded linear or circular DNA), it repeatedly precipitated the DNA, which resulted in total retardation/precipitation ...
... Surprisingly, EMSA showed that Imu3 binds linear and circular (Figure 4B) DNA as well as RNA molecules. When Imu3 reached a critical concentration (ca. 1 μg Imu3 per 100 ng double-stranded linear or circular DNA), it repeatedly precipitated the DNA, which resulted in total retardation/precipitation ...
Nematode lecture
... Functions of Parasitism Proteins Nematodes need to penetrate and migrate through the roots ! ...
... Functions of Parasitism Proteins Nematodes need to penetrate and migrate through the roots ! ...
msb156484-sup-0001-Appendix
... reporter activation and auto-activation with both Y2H reporter genes (GAL1-HIS3 and GAL2ADE2). Nearly 11,500 primary positive colonies activated at least one reporter gene and were CHX sensitive. These secondary positives were retained for further processing. ...
... reporter activation and auto-activation with both Y2H reporter genes (GAL1-HIS3 and GAL2ADE2). Nearly 11,500 primary positive colonies activated at least one reporter gene and were CHX sensitive. These secondary positives were retained for further processing. ...
The ATP-Cone: An Evolutionarily Mobile, ATP
... Allosteric regulation is a common mechanism by which the activity of enzymes is modulated by the concentrations of their products, substrates and other small regulatory molecules. Structural studies have suggested that these functions frequently reside in compact globular domains that are distinct f ...
... Allosteric regulation is a common mechanism by which the activity of enzymes is modulated by the concentrations of their products, substrates and other small regulatory molecules. Structural studies have suggested that these functions frequently reside in compact globular domains that are distinct f ...
Transcription termination control in bacteria Tina M Henkin
... An interesting variation on this type of mechanism is provided by the λ Q system, which controls the transition from delayed early to late transcription. Q protein plays the role of N in directing the conversion of RNAP into a termination-resistant form. The key difference is that Q joins RNAP only ...
... An interesting variation on this type of mechanism is provided by the λ Q system, which controls the transition from delayed early to late transcription. Q protein plays the role of N in directing the conversion of RNAP into a termination-resistant form. The key difference is that Q joins RNAP only ...
Control of Gene Expression
... Transcription Is Controlled by Proteins Binding to Regulatory DNA Sequences Control of transcription is usually exerted at the step at which the process is initiated. In Chapter 7, we saw that the promoter region of a gene attracts the enzyme RNA polymerase and correctly orients the enzyme to begin ...
... Transcription Is Controlled by Proteins Binding to Regulatory DNA Sequences Control of transcription is usually exerted at the step at which the process is initiated. In Chapter 7, we saw that the promoter region of a gene attracts the enzyme RNA polymerase and correctly orients the enzyme to begin ...
Characterization of Cytosolic Cyclophilin from Guard Cells of Vicia
... This property of CyP has led to the extensive study towards elucidating the cellular function of calcineurin in animals. CyPs have peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity that is inhibited by CsA and catalyze refolding of some denatured proteins indicating that CyPs are involved in protein fold ...
... This property of CyP has led to the extensive study towards elucidating the cellular function of calcineurin in animals. CyPs have peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity that is inhibited by CsA and catalyze refolding of some denatured proteins indicating that CyPs are involved in protein fold ...
Perturbation of - Circulation Research
... agents. An animal model of cardiomyocyte-restricted UPS functional impairment is currently lacking but would remarkably benefit the elucidation of pathophysiological significance of cardiac UPS dysfunction in cardiac pathogenesis. Ubiquitination, the initial and essential step to target a protein mo ...
... agents. An animal model of cardiomyocyte-restricted UPS functional impairment is currently lacking but would remarkably benefit the elucidation of pathophysiological significance of cardiac UPS dysfunction in cardiac pathogenesis. Ubiquitination, the initial and essential step to target a protein mo ...
The Bacillus subtilis clpC operon encodes DNA
... frames (Ogasawara et al., 1994). We recently showed that the six genes are cotranscribed as an operon, preceded by two promoters. One resembles promoters recognized by the vegetative RNA polymerase EoA. The other promoter was shown to be stress-inducible and dependent upon aB, the general stress a-f ...
... frames (Ogasawara et al., 1994). We recently showed that the six genes are cotranscribed as an operon, preceded by two promoters. One resembles promoters recognized by the vegetative RNA polymerase EoA. The other promoter was shown to be stress-inducible and dependent upon aB, the general stress a-f ...
Adaptation of proteases and carbohydrases of
... vrtriety of insects has given fungi countless opportunities to exploit them; the antiquity and subsequently extended co-evolution of such interrelationships being reflected in their present ubiquity and often high degree of sophistication (Cooke & Whipps, 1993). Obviously, given the many routes by w ...
... vrtriety of insects has given fungi countless opportunities to exploit them; the antiquity and subsequently extended co-evolution of such interrelationships being reflected in their present ubiquity and often high degree of sophistication (Cooke & Whipps, 1993). Obviously, given the many routes by w ...
GPCR–G fusion proteins
... by Bertin et al.1 have been confirmed by Seifert and colleagues. Moreover, they found that there is highly efficient ligand-regulation of GTPgS binding and GTPase activity in Sf9 membranes expressing b2AR-GsaL (Ref. 5). In contrast, detection of ligand-regulation of GTPase and GTPgS binding by non-f ...
... by Bertin et al.1 have been confirmed by Seifert and colleagues. Moreover, they found that there is highly efficient ligand-regulation of GTPgS binding and GTPase activity in Sf9 membranes expressing b2AR-GsaL (Ref. 5). In contrast, detection of ligand-regulation of GTPase and GTPgS binding by non-f ...
Using intrinsically fluorescent proteins for plant cell
... www.clontech.com/clontech/gfp/pdf/LC_NFP_Features.pdf. ...
... www.clontech.com/clontech/gfp/pdf/LC_NFP_Features.pdf. ...
the Adult Drosophila Fat Body
... YP2, and YP3), produced by three X-linked genes are synthesized in the fat body (analogous to the vertebrate liver), secreted into the hemolymph, and sequestered in the oocyte by receptor-mediated endocytosis (Bownes and Hames, 1978; Bownes and Hodson, 1980). A second site of synthesis is the ovaria ...
... YP2, and YP3), produced by three X-linked genes are synthesized in the fat body (analogous to the vertebrate liver), secreted into the hemolymph, and sequestered in the oocyte by receptor-mediated endocytosis (Bownes and Hames, 1978; Bownes and Hodson, 1980). A second site of synthesis is the ovaria ...
Expanding Yeast Knowledge Online.
... genome, the genes it contains and their interactions. SGD provides current, annotated yeast sequence through the WWW and via FTP. In addition to providing an on-line genome database, SGD also provides access to other information of interest to the budding yeast community. SGD is responsible for main ...
... genome, the genes it contains and their interactions. SGD provides current, annotated yeast sequence through the WWW and via FTP. In addition to providing an on-line genome database, SGD also provides access to other information of interest to the budding yeast community. SGD is responsible for main ...
Hemocyte marker proteins and regulation of the proPO system in a
... cell development; Srp acts upstream of the other factors and is required for late plasmatocyte differentiation. (Fossett and Schulz, 2001a; Lebestky et al., 2000; Rehorn et al., 1996). In P. leniusculus, also some transcription factor proteins have been found. The Hpt cells were shown to be actively ...
... cell development; Srp acts upstream of the other factors and is required for late plasmatocyte differentiation. (Fossett and Schulz, 2001a; Lebestky et al., 2000; Rehorn et al., 1996). In P. leniusculus, also some transcription factor proteins have been found. The Hpt cells were shown to be actively ...
PANTHER version 11: expanded annotation data from Gene
... tools allow users to classify new protein sequences, and to analyze gene lists obtained from large-scale genomics experiments. In the past year, major improvements include a large expansion of classification information available in PANTHER, as well as significant enhancements to the analysis tools. ...
... tools allow users to classify new protein sequences, and to analyze gene lists obtained from large-scale genomics experiments. In the past year, major improvements include a large expansion of classification information available in PANTHER, as well as significant enhancements to the analysis tools. ...
DNA binding
... For the lac operon, gene expression is maximal when the binding of allolactose relieves the inhibition by the lac repressor and the CAP–cAMP complex stimulates the binding of RNA polymerase. It shows a concerted regulation of gene expression. There are four possibilities of coregulation of CAP and L ...
... For the lac operon, gene expression is maximal when the binding of allolactose relieves the inhibition by the lac repressor and the CAP–cAMP complex stimulates the binding of RNA polymerase. It shows a concerted regulation of gene expression. There are four possibilities of coregulation of CAP and L ...
Knockout of the adp gene related with colonization in Bacillus
... (TALEs) are natural effector proteins secreted by numerous species of Xanthomonas, in order to modulate gene expression in host plants, and to facilitate bacterial colonization and survival (Boch and Bonas, 2010; Bogdanove et al., 2010). TALEs have revealed an elegant code linking the repetitive reg ...
... (TALEs) are natural effector proteins secreted by numerous species of Xanthomonas, in order to modulate gene expression in host plants, and to facilitate bacterial colonization and survival (Boch and Bonas, 2010; Bogdanove et al., 2010). TALEs have revealed an elegant code linking the repetitive reg ...
Noncovalently Associated Complexes: Apomyoglobin and
... complexes comprising multiple proteins. Signaling and regulation, protein biosynthesis, immune response, enzyme catalysis, and other similar mechanisms all involve noncovalent interactions between proteins and other molecules. Examples of macromolecular interactions include proteinprotein, protein-l ...
... complexes comprising multiple proteins. Signaling and regulation, protein biosynthesis, immune response, enzyme catalysis, and other similar mechanisms all involve noncovalent interactions between proteins and other molecules. Examples of macromolecular interactions include proteinprotein, protein-l ...
Protein moonlighting
Protein moonlighting (or gene sharing) is a phenomenon by which a protein can perform more than one function. Ancestral moonlighting proteins originally possessed a single function but through evolution, acquired additional functions. Many proteins that moonlight are enzymes; others are receptors, ion channels or chaperones. The most common primary function of moonlighting proteins is enzymatic catalysis, but these enzymes have acquired secondary non-enzymatic roles. Some examples of functions of moonlighting proteins secondary to catalysis include signal transduction, transcriptional regulation, apoptosis, motility, and structural.Protein moonlighting may occur widely in nature. Protein moonlighting through gene sharing differs from the use of a single gene to generate different proteins by alternative RNA splicing, DNA rearrangement, or post-translational processing. It is also different from multifunctionality of the protein, in which the protein has multiple domains, each serving a different function. Protein moonlighting by gene sharing means that a gene may acquire and maintain a second function without gene duplication and without loss of the primary function. Such genes are under two or more entirely different selective constraints.Various techniques have been used to reveal moonlighting functions in proteins. The detection of a protein in unexpected locations within cells, cell types, or tissues may suggest that a protein has a moonlighting function. Furthermore, sequence or structure homology of a protein may be used to infer both primary function as well as secondary moonlighting functions of a protein.The most well-studied examples of gene sharing are crystallins. These proteins, when expressed at low levels in many tissues function as enzymes, but when expressed at high levels in eye tissue, become densely packed and thus form lenses. While the recognition of gene sharing is relatively recent—the term was coined in 1988, after crystallins in chickens and ducks were found to be identical to separately identified enzymes—recent studies have found many examples throughout the living world. Joram Piatigorsky has suggested that many or all proteins exhibit gene sharing to some extent, and that gene sharing is a key aspect of molecular evolution. The genes encoding crystallins must maintain sequences for catalytic function and transparency maintenance function.Inappropriate moonlighting is a contributing factor in some genetic diseases, and moonlighting provides a possible mechanism by which bacteria may become resistant to antibiotics.