Regulation of Lung Fibrosis: the impact of Smad3 post
... some patients fibrotic scar tissues persist several weeks to several months. While most patients recover without significant complications, some develop permanent nonfunctional scar tissues (fibrosis). The molecular mechanism underlying this discrepancy remains to be elucidated. Transforming growth ...
... some patients fibrotic scar tissues persist several weeks to several months. While most patients recover without significant complications, some develop permanent nonfunctional scar tissues (fibrosis). The molecular mechanism underlying this discrepancy remains to be elucidated. Transforming growth ...
Regulation of the Discs Large Tumor Suppressor by a
... cell-cell contact, being rapidly degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in isolated cells (22). However, loss of differentiated epithelial morphology and progression toward a highly transformed and metastatic phenotype of epithelial tumor cells are associated with down-regulation of hDlg prote ...
... cell-cell contact, being rapidly degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in isolated cells (22). However, loss of differentiated epithelial morphology and progression toward a highly transformed and metastatic phenotype of epithelial tumor cells are associated with down-regulation of hDlg prote ...
The Arabidopsis TONNEAU2 Gene Encodes a Putative Novel
... stabilization, and severing) and translocation, but the relative roles of these events and the proteins involved are unknown. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying MT arrangements, mutants impaired in MT functions are essential, and a number of proteins involved in MT organization or dyn ...
... stabilization, and severing) and translocation, but the relative roles of these events and the proteins involved are unknown. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying MT arrangements, mutants impaired in MT functions are essential, and a number of proteins involved in MT organization or dyn ...
Short review - BioPublisher
... outside a cell - including cell wall, extracellular matrix and extracellular space - in an organism. Recently many efforts have been made to identify secretomes as these proteins have both potential applications in environmental industry and biomedicine (Lum and Min, 2011; Makridakis and Vlahou, 201 ...
... outside a cell - including cell wall, extracellular matrix and extracellular space - in an organism. Recently many efforts have been made to identify secretomes as these proteins have both potential applications in environmental industry and biomedicine (Lum and Min, 2011; Makridakis and Vlahou, 201 ...
1 - Nature
... embryonic lethality levels (T-test P value ≤ 0.04), or obvious cytological defects. Fertility defects were also obtained when N2 animals were injected with dsRNA corresponding 10 genes tested (eft-1, hcp-4, top-1, smz-1, smz-1, gsp-3, gsp-4, F23B12.7, B0261.6, and F27C8.5). We found a number of gene ...
... embryonic lethality levels (T-test P value ≤ 0.04), or obvious cytological defects. Fertility defects were also obtained when N2 animals were injected with dsRNA corresponding 10 genes tested (eft-1, hcp-4, top-1, smz-1, smz-1, gsp-3, gsp-4, F23B12.7, B0261.6, and F27C8.5). We found a number of gene ...
Alfalfa Mob1-like proteins are involved in cell
... been discovered, mainly through the characterization of mutants that display either defects in establishing a division plane or aberrant formation of the cell plate. Several Arabidopsis genes involved in cytokinesis have been cloned. Of these, some have been implicated in polarized vesicle trafficki ...
... been discovered, mainly through the characterization of mutants that display either defects in establishing a division plane or aberrant formation of the cell plate. Several Arabidopsis genes involved in cytokinesis have been cloned. Of these, some have been implicated in polarized vesicle trafficki ...
Identifying proteins required for chromatin organization using a GFP
... genes can have drastic consequences for the cell. For example, incorrect regulation of cyclin genes can lead to inappropriate progression through the cell cycle. Such progression can cause prolific cell division allowing cells to bypass cellular checkpoints and divide uncontrollably. Gene expression ...
... genes can have drastic consequences for the cell. For example, incorrect regulation of cyclin genes can lead to inappropriate progression through the cell cycle. Such progression can cause prolific cell division allowing cells to bypass cellular checkpoints and divide uncontrollably. Gene expression ...
The Calyptogena magnifica Chemoautotrophic Symbiont Genome
... or their precursors (fig. S3). R. magnifica also has complete biosynthetic pathways for the majority of vitamins and cofactors (SOM text). The genome encodes a complete glycolytic pathway and the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway and, interestingly, also encodes a tricarboxylic ac ...
... or their precursors (fig. S3). R. magnifica also has complete biosynthetic pathways for the majority of vitamins and cofactors (SOM text). The genome encodes a complete glycolytic pathway and the nonoxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway and, interestingly, also encodes a tricarboxylic ac ...
Plk4/SAK/ZYG-1 in the regulation of centriole
... and is required for normal duplication [24,25,27,28]. Active Plk4/SAK kinase is present at duplicating mother centrioles during G1/S and the protein levels increase at both centrioles into mitosis [29]. In addition to centriole localization, Plk4/SAK protein levels are regulated and, when aberrant, ...
... and is required for normal duplication [24,25,27,28]. Active Plk4/SAK kinase is present at duplicating mother centrioles during G1/S and the protein levels increase at both centrioles into mitosis [29]. In addition to centriole localization, Plk4/SAK protein levels are regulated and, when aberrant, ...
Evolutionary basins of attraction and convergence in plants and
... As an organism evolves, its phenotype Some proteins present in the last different biochemical pathways. This will be limited among other things by common ancestor of plant and animal demonstrates that sometimes evolutionary the bounds of protein function. Certain lineages appear to have preadaptatio ...
... As an organism evolves, its phenotype Some proteins present in the last different biochemical pathways. This will be limited among other things by common ancestor of plant and animal demonstrates that sometimes evolutionary the bounds of protein function. Certain lineages appear to have preadaptatio ...
Acetylcholine Receptor-associated 43K Protein Contains Covalently
... Three 60-ram cultures of BC3Ht cells were labeled for 4 h with [3H]myristate and 43K protein was immunoprecipitated from the cell lysate with anti-43K serum. Immunoprecipitated proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE and the region of the unfixed, undried gel containing 43K protein excised using prestain ...
... Three 60-ram cultures of BC3Ht cells were labeled for 4 h with [3H]myristate and 43K protein was immunoprecipitated from the cell lysate with anti-43K serum. Immunoprecipitated proteins were resolved by SDS-PAGE and the region of the unfixed, undried gel containing 43K protein excised using prestain ...
The human apyrase-like protein LALP70 is lysosomal
... to the yeast E1 analog Uba1. Where all these mutants are involved in the regulation of the start of autophagy, other genes are critical for the delivery of autophagocytosed material to the vacuole. Aut2 and aut7 have been described as constituents of a protein complex responsible for a proper associ ...
... to the yeast E1 analog Uba1. Where all these mutants are involved in the regulation of the start of autophagy, other genes are critical for the delivery of autophagocytosed material to the vacuole. Aut2 and aut7 have been described as constituents of a protein complex responsible for a proper associ ...
The major coat protein gene of the filamentous Pseudomonas
... displace the DKA-binding proteins from their intracellular complex with DNA# during assembly and transport of the virus out of the cell. The major coat proteins of the Ff virus group are all synthesized in the infected cell in a precursor form (17,18). Concomitant with deposition into the inner cell ...
... displace the DKA-binding proteins from their intracellular complex with DNA# during assembly and transport of the virus out of the cell. The major coat proteins of the Ff virus group are all synthesized in the infected cell in a precursor form (17,18). Concomitant with deposition into the inner cell ...
Biogenesis of photosynthetic complexes in the chloroplast of
... homolog TRC40 interacts with newly synthesized Sec61b in cross-linking experiments and is peripherally associated with membranes (Stefanovic and Hegde, 2007). A homozygous knockout of the mouse ASNA1 gene caused embryonic lethality (Mukhopadhyay et al., 2006), suggesting that the ASNA1 pathway could ...
... homolog TRC40 interacts with newly synthesized Sec61b in cross-linking experiments and is peripherally associated with membranes (Stefanovic and Hegde, 2007). A homozygous knockout of the mouse ASNA1 gene caused embryonic lethality (Mukhopadhyay et al., 2006), suggesting that the ASNA1 pathway could ...
Winter Final Study Guide
... 9. Explain why lipids are used in steroids and waterproof coverings. ...
... 9. Explain why lipids are used in steroids and waterproof coverings. ...
Microbiology
... The type II secretion system (T2SS) is a doublemembrane-spanning protein secretion system composed of 12–15 different general secretory pathway (Gsp) proteins It is found in a large number of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. The T2SSs of different species secrete a wide variety o ...
... The type II secretion system (T2SS) is a doublemembrane-spanning protein secretion system composed of 12–15 different general secretory pathway (Gsp) proteins It is found in a large number of pathogenic and nonpathogenic Gram-negative bacteria. The T2SSs of different species secrete a wide variety o ...
No Slide Title
... Inclusion cell disease (I cell disease) - rare disorder in which almost all hydrolytic enzymes are missing from lysosome I cell disease - single gene, recessive defect ...
... Inclusion cell disease (I cell disease) - rare disorder in which almost all hydrolytic enzymes are missing from lysosome I cell disease - single gene, recessive defect ...
The Identity of Proteins Associated with a Small Heat Shock Protein
... cells, 13 of which were subsequently identified by mass spectrometry. These proteins fit stringent criteria for being sHSP substrates, including specific interaction under heat stress conditions, ability to be released from Hsp16.6 by the DnaK system plus ATP, and heat lability. We also show that, i ...
... cells, 13 of which were subsequently identified by mass spectrometry. These proteins fit stringent criteria for being sHSP substrates, including specific interaction under heat stress conditions, ability to be released from Hsp16.6 by the DnaK system plus ATP, and heat lability. We also show that, i ...
Amyloid deposits - Lindquist Lab
... such prefibrillar structures in vitro and, when they do, they are toxic when applied extracellularly to cells in culture or injected into rat brains.9,10 The intra- and extracellular conversion of misfolded proteins into highly structured and less reactive amyloid forms may reduce the levels of thes ...
... such prefibrillar structures in vitro and, when they do, they are toxic when applied extracellularly to cells in culture or injected into rat brains.9,10 The intra- and extracellular conversion of misfolded proteins into highly structured and less reactive amyloid forms may reduce the levels of thes ...
Bioinformatics analysis of experimentally determined protein
... the cytoplasm-associated complexes. Finally, we find a weak, but positive correlation between the size of the complex and its essentiality: the larger the complex, the more likely that its core is essential (Fig. 2b). For example, only ~45% of the complexes identified by Gavin et al. (Gavin 2002) wi ...
... the cytoplasm-associated complexes. Finally, we find a weak, but positive correlation between the size of the complex and its essentiality: the larger the complex, the more likely that its core is essential (Fig. 2b). For example, only ~45% of the complexes identified by Gavin et al. (Gavin 2002) wi ...
Figure 2 - York College of Pennsylvania
... today. In the year 2002, 1,284,900 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed (American Cancer Society 2002). Transforming growth factor (TGF) plays an essential role in the development of cancers and has become a popular target for research. TGF functions as a natural potent growth inhibitor ...
... today. In the year 2002, 1,284,900 new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed (American Cancer Society 2002). Transforming growth factor (TGF) plays an essential role in the development of cancers and has become a popular target for research. TGF functions as a natural potent growth inhibitor ...
RNA binding proteins: a common denominator of neuronal function
... In eukaryotic cells, gene activity is not directly reflected by protein levels because mRNA processing, transport, stability, and translation are co- and post-transcriptionally regulated. These processes, collectively known as the ribonome, are tightly controlled and carried out by a plethora of tra ...
... In eukaryotic cells, gene activity is not directly reflected by protein levels because mRNA processing, transport, stability, and translation are co- and post-transcriptionally regulated. These processes, collectively known as the ribonome, are tightly controlled and carried out by a plethora of tra ...
Chapter 4. Unnatural amino acids with caged side chains
... survey of this literature.21-23 Interesting experiments have been done with such caged proteins, including a number of caged kinases whose activity is dependent on decaging.23,24 In addition, protein-protein interactions essential to actin polymerization have been disrupted by caging a lysine on F-a ...
... survey of this literature.21-23 Interesting experiments have been done with such caged proteins, including a number of caged kinases whose activity is dependent on decaging.23,24 In addition, protein-protein interactions essential to actin polymerization have been disrupted by caging a lysine on F-a ...
Biology 11: Bacteria
... Tube 1 contains Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. Tube 2 contains Closteridium botulinum bacteria. Tube 3 contains Escherichia coli bacteria. In a short paragraph explain how you were able to identify which type of bacteria was in each tube. -tube1 – obligate aerobe because only at top near air -tub ...
... Tube 1 contains Streptococcus pneumonia bacteria. Tube 2 contains Closteridium botulinum bacteria. Tube 3 contains Escherichia coli bacteria. In a short paragraph explain how you were able to identify which type of bacteria was in each tube. -tube1 – obligate aerobe because only at top near air -tub ...
from dicp.ac.cn
... activate the holoenzyme (17). p38 and CK2 both co-immunoprecipitate with p53 (18, 19). Anisomycin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced phosphorylation of p53 at Ser392 requires p38 MAPK kinase and CK2 activities (17). In additional, CK2 can phosphorylate IκBα at a cluster of C-terminal sites ...
... activate the holoenzyme (17). p38 and CK2 both co-immunoprecipitate with p53 (18, 19). Anisomycin and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced phosphorylation of p53 at Ser392 requires p38 MAPK kinase and CK2 activities (17). In additional, CK2 can phosphorylate IκBα at a cluster of C-terminal sites ...
Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group. Phosphorylation alters the structural conformation of a protein, causing it to become activated, deactivated, or modifying its function. The reverse reaction of phosphorylation is called dephosphorylation, and is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. Protein kinases and phosphatases work independently and in a balance to regulate the function of proteins. The amino acids most commonly phosphorylated are serine, threonine, and tyrosine in eukaryotes, and histidine in prokaryotes, which play important and well-characterized roles in signaling pathways and metabolism. However, many other amino acids can also be phosphorylated, including arginine, lysine, and cysteine. Protein phosphorylation was first reported in 1906 by Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research with the discovery of phosphorylated vitellin. However, it was nearly 50 years until the enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinases was discovered.