Respiration - Indian River Research and Education Center
... • First Law of Thermodynamics: –Energy can not be created or destroyed –Thus, total energy at the beginning of a reaction must equal energy at the end ...
... • First Law of Thermodynamics: –Energy can not be created or destroyed –Thus, total energy at the beginning of a reaction must equal energy at the end ...
Chap 5
... nutritional and environmental conditions 2. Metabolic pathways are subgroups as aerobic and anaerobic metabolism 3. Catabolism: the intracellular process of degrading a compound into smaller amd simpler products (ex: glucose to CO2 and H2O) and produces energy for the cell 4. Anabolism: involves in ...
... nutritional and environmental conditions 2. Metabolic pathways are subgroups as aerobic and anaerobic metabolism 3. Catabolism: the intracellular process of degrading a compound into smaller amd simpler products (ex: glucose to CO2 and H2O) and produces energy for the cell 4. Anabolism: involves in ...
Chapter 7 Notes - MDC Faculty Home Pages
... pumped against their concentration gradient (uphill). ...
... pumped against their concentration gradient (uphill). ...
Ecology - Greeley Schools
... The carbon dioxide in the glucose is used during cellular respiration to make ATP the energy of biological work and CO2 is made as a waste product. Decomposing plants and animals return carbon to the soil and air. Carbon Cycle Steps: ...
... The carbon dioxide in the glucose is used during cellular respiration to make ATP the energy of biological work and CO2 is made as a waste product. Decomposing plants and animals return carbon to the soil and air. Carbon Cycle Steps: ...
Life Processes Movement is the most important criterion to decide
... 33. Herbivores have longer small intestine than carnivores. Explain 34. Site for the complete digestion of carbohydrate, protein and fats 35. Write about the emulsification of fat and mention the role of bile salt 36. Name the enzymes present in the pancreatic juice 37. Intestinal juice secreted by ...
... 33. Herbivores have longer small intestine than carnivores. Explain 34. Site for the complete digestion of carbohydrate, protein and fats 35. Write about the emulsification of fat and mention the role of bile salt 36. Name the enzymes present in the pancreatic juice 37. Intestinal juice secreted by ...
Notes from Dr
... •When ATP releases energy, the energy release only involves breaking the last of three phosphate bonds in the molecule. This results in the production of a small controlled amount of energy that is just the right amount for most of the energy using processed of the cell. •Energy release since it inv ...
... •When ATP releases energy, the energy release only involves breaking the last of three phosphate bonds in the molecule. This results in the production of a small controlled amount of energy that is just the right amount for most of the energy using processed of the cell. •Energy release since it inv ...
Reading - Science with Ms. Wang
... Monosaccharides and disaccharides are grouped together and called simple carbohydrates, simple sugars or just “sugars.” Polysaccharides are also called complex carbohydrates. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrate molecules and contain 3 to 8 carbon atoms. They also contain hydrogen and oxyge ...
... Monosaccharides and disaccharides are grouped together and called simple carbohydrates, simple sugars or just “sugars.” Polysaccharides are also called complex carbohydrates. Monosaccharides are the simplest carbohydrate molecules and contain 3 to 8 carbon atoms. They also contain hydrogen and oxyge ...
Light and Electrons!
... -tells the orientation in space; values depend on l, m=(-l…0…+l) 4th Quantum Number=s -describes the spin; is either +1/2(clockwise) or -1/2(counter-clockwise) Total Number of Electrons in a shell = 2n2 -Potential energy increases as electrons move out to farther energy ...
... -tells the orientation in space; values depend on l, m=(-l…0…+l) 4th Quantum Number=s -describes the spin; is either +1/2(clockwise) or -1/2(counter-clockwise) Total Number of Electrons in a shell = 2n2 -Potential energy increases as electrons move out to farther energy ...
Energetics and Catabolism
... There are three main catabolic pathways: - Fermentation: Partial breakdown of organic food without net electron transfer to an inorganic terminal electron acceptor - Respiration: Complete breakdown of organic molecules with electron transfer to a terminal electron acceptor such as O2 - Photoheterotr ...
... There are three main catabolic pathways: - Fermentation: Partial breakdown of organic food without net electron transfer to an inorganic terminal electron acceptor - Respiration: Complete breakdown of organic molecules with electron transfer to a terminal electron acceptor such as O2 - Photoheterotr ...
Ecology Practice
... 27. When two kinds of organisms both use a resource that is in short supply, the usual end result is that A. both species modify their needs and use some substitute B. both species survive as long as possible, and then die out C. one species will win out and eliminate the other D. the amount of the ...
... 27. When two kinds of organisms both use a resource that is in short supply, the usual end result is that A. both species modify their needs and use some substitute B. both species survive as long as possible, and then die out C. one species will win out and eliminate the other D. the amount of the ...
CHAPTER 39 PLANT RESPONSES TO INTERNAL AND
... Both plants and animals respond to environmental stimuli. Which of the following statements are correct? a. The processes by which plants and animals perceive environmental changes are equally complex. b. The processes by which plants and animals perceive environmental changes are often homologous. ...
... Both plants and animals respond to environmental stimuli. Which of the following statements are correct? a. The processes by which plants and animals perceive environmental changes are equally complex. b. The processes by which plants and animals perceive environmental changes are often homologous. ...
AP Biology Chapter 5 Notes
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
... You are welcome to write your notes in a notebook as well but this sheet will be due in your binders at the end of each unit. Your book research must say something different then the classroom notes unless boxes are merged. ...
Topic One: Chemistry of Living Things
... 1. Feedback mechanisms are cycles in which the product of one reaction causes another to start or stop. D) While organisms are balanced, they are not unchanging. The term used to describe the balanced state is dynamic equilibrium. 1. Dynamic Equilibrium: A balanced state created by many small, oppos ...
... 1. Feedback mechanisms are cycles in which the product of one reaction causes another to start or stop. D) While organisms are balanced, they are not unchanging. The term used to describe the balanced state is dynamic equilibrium. 1. Dynamic Equilibrium: A balanced state created by many small, oppos ...
Name: ____________ Pd.: ______ Date: Read Section 2.1 – Atoms
... substance by ordinary chemical means. It also refers to a group of atoms of the same type. 6. Atoms of different elements differ in the number of _______protons_______ they have. 7. The chemical properties of an element are determined by the _______electrons___________. 8. Electrons move around the ...
... substance by ordinary chemical means. It also refers to a group of atoms of the same type. 6. Atoms of different elements differ in the number of _______protons_______ they have. 7. The chemical properties of an element are determined by the _______electrons___________. 8. Electrons move around the ...
Functional Groups and Chemical Families
... Although there are a wide variety of organic compounds, most of them are composed of the elements from the upper right hand portion of the periodic chart: C, H, N, O, S, Halogen. These compounds can be categorized by certain structural and reactive features, dictated by the way carbon bonds to itsel ...
... Although there are a wide variety of organic compounds, most of them are composed of the elements from the upper right hand portion of the periodic chart: C, H, N, O, S, Halogen. These compounds can be categorized by certain structural and reactive features, dictated by the way carbon bonds to itsel ...
Citric Acid Cycle 1
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic gr ...
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic gr ...
hapter 11
... • Only 4 ATP molecules synthesized directly from oxidation of glucose to CO2 • Most ATP made when NADH and FADH2 (formed as glucose degraded) are oxidized in electron transport chain (ETC) ...
... • Only 4 ATP molecules synthesized directly from oxidation of glucose to CO2 • Most ATP made when NADH and FADH2 (formed as glucose degraded) are oxidized in electron transport chain (ETC) ...
organic molecules
... 1. Amine (NH2) on one end, carboxyl (COOH) on the other end, and H and R groups a. portion that differs: R-group 2. More than 20 different amino acids in nature 3. Sequence of amino acids determines the protein C. 2 amino acids joined by a peptide bond forms a dipeptide. A long chain is called a pol ...
... 1. Amine (NH2) on one end, carboxyl (COOH) on the other end, and H and R groups a. portion that differs: R-group 2. More than 20 different amino acids in nature 3. Sequence of amino acids determines the protein C. 2 amino acids joined by a peptide bond forms a dipeptide. A long chain is called a pol ...
Citric Acid Cycle 1 - Indiana University
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic g ...
... 1. The net effect of the eight steps of the citric acid cycle is to A) completely oxidize an acetyl group to carbon dioxide. B) convert pyruvate to Acetyl CoA. C) produce a citrate molecule D) produce 8 ATP for every pass through the cycle. E) More than one of the above 2. The order of prosthetic g ...
What`s the function of
... ____ 17. Len was alone, in a strange place, in a new situation, feeling afraid. His body reacted by producing the hormone adrenalin. How did the adrenalin make Len feel? A. He began to feel happy and cheerful. B. He felt calm and at ease. C. He became shaky and his heart thumped. D. He didn’t feel a ...
... ____ 17. Len was alone, in a strange place, in a new situation, feeling afraid. His body reacted by producing the hormone adrenalin. How did the adrenalin make Len feel? A. He began to feel happy and cheerful. B. He felt calm and at ease. C. He became shaky and his heart thumped. D. He didn’t feel a ...
Stream Biotic and Abiotic
... Increase in stream erosion Increase in water volume Heavy rain/melting snow ...
... Increase in stream erosion Increase in water volume Heavy rain/melting snow ...
PPT #2
... Pollination occurs when the pollen travels from the stamen to the pistil Pollen attaches to the stigma of the pistil (female) and travels down the pollen tube to the ovules. Fertilization occurs when the male ...
... Pollination occurs when the pollen travels from the stamen to the pistil Pollen attaches to the stigma of the pistil (female) and travels down the pollen tube to the ovules. Fertilization occurs when the male ...
Aerobic Metabolism: The Citric Acid Cycle
... reactions of central importance in all living cells that utilize oxygen as part of cellular respiration. ...
... reactions of central importance in all living cells that utilize oxygen as part of cellular respiration. ...
Unit 3 Macromolecules, Enzymes, and ATP
... • He was trying to make an inorganic salt called ammonium cyanate by mixing ammonium and cyanate ions but made urea instead. Urea is an organic compound that is found in the urine of mammals. • Scientists (Vitalists) were not convinced because the cyanate was extracted from animal blood. • Vitalism ...
... • He was trying to make an inorganic salt called ammonium cyanate by mixing ammonium and cyanate ions but made urea instead. Urea is an organic compound that is found in the urine of mammals. • Scientists (Vitalists) were not convinced because the cyanate was extracted from animal blood. • Vitalism ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.