Respiratory question - Sinoe Medical Association
... 5. The term "respiration" is best described as: 1. The reaction of carbon dioxide with water is a relatively slow process yet this reaction occurs within the red cells in a fraction of a second. What is responsible for speeding up this reaction? A. cytochrome oxidase B. adenosine triphosphate C. pho ...
... 5. The term "respiration" is best described as: 1. The reaction of carbon dioxide with water is a relatively slow process yet this reaction occurs within the red cells in a fraction of a second. What is responsible for speeding up this reaction? A. cytochrome oxidase B. adenosine triphosphate C. pho ...
Algae triglycerides
... TAG in algae need to be answered. Clearly, physiological and genetic manipulations of growth and lipid metabolism must be readily implementable, and critical engineering breakthroughs related to algal mass culture and downstream processing are necessary. The purpose of this review is to provide an o ...
... TAG in algae need to be answered. Clearly, physiological and genetic manipulations of growth and lipid metabolism must be readily implementable, and critical engineering breakthroughs related to algal mass culture and downstream processing are necessary. The purpose of this review is to provide an o ...
Legume presence increases photosynthesis and N concentrations
... Our first objective was to evaluate the leaf-level responses of three focal species not capable of symbiotic N2 fixation and growing with and without the N2-fixing legume Lupinus perennis L. The three focal non-fixers were: Achillea millefolium L. (forb), Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. and Koeleria cr ...
... Our first objective was to evaluate the leaf-level responses of three focal species not capable of symbiotic N2 fixation and growing with and without the N2-fixing legume Lupinus perennis L. The three focal non-fixers were: Achillea millefolium L. (forb), Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. and Koeleria cr ...
17 - Stanford University
... and the primary kinetic isotope (KIE) effects, Hk/Dk, have been determined to be 1.9 and 1.3 for the L- to D-alanine and for the D- to L-alanine conversions, respectively.13,21,22 The associated free energy barriers are 12.8 and 12.1 kcal/mol for the two proton-transfer steps in the enzyme. Spies an ...
... and the primary kinetic isotope (KIE) effects, Hk/Dk, have been determined to be 1.9 and 1.3 for the L- to D-alanine and for the D- to L-alanine conversions, respectively.13,21,22 The associated free energy barriers are 12.8 and 12.1 kcal/mol for the two proton-transfer steps in the enzyme. Spies an ...
Light, temperature and competition
... Erect leafy or branchy seaweeds often attached to the ocean floor (three main groups; brown algae, red algae and green algae) ...
... Erect leafy or branchy seaweeds often attached to the ocean floor (three main groups; brown algae, red algae and green algae) ...
Krebs Cycle
... - Krebs cycle is comprised of a total of eight enzymatic steps—excluding Step 0 for the synthesis of acetyl-CoA—and occurs within the mitochondrial matrix - Overall reaction scheme is: Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi <=> CoA + 3NADH + FADH2 + GTP + 2CO2 ...
... - Krebs cycle is comprised of a total of eight enzymatic steps—excluding Step 0 for the synthesis of acetyl-CoA—and occurs within the mitochondrial matrix - Overall reaction scheme is: Acetyl-CoA + 3NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi <=> CoA + 3NADH + FADH2 + GTP + 2CO2 ...
chapter 1: exploring life
... 4. Draw and label a simplified model of an atom. Explain how this model simplifies our understanding of atomic structure. 5. Distinguish between each of the following pairs of terms: neutron and proton atomic number and mass number atomic weight and mass number 6. Explain how the atomic number and m ...
... 4. Draw and label a simplified model of an atom. Explain how this model simplifies our understanding of atomic structure. 5. Distinguish between each of the following pairs of terms: neutron and proton atomic number and mass number atomic weight and mass number 6. Explain how the atomic number and m ...
IBAssessments2015
... 9.1.4 Describe adaptations for plants living in deserts and high saline soils. 9.1.5 Compare blotting paper, porous pots and capillary tubing to the vascular tissues of plants. 9.1.6 Diagram the structure of primary xylem vessels in sections of stems based on microscopic images. 9.1.7 Analyze the tr ...
... 9.1.4 Describe adaptations for plants living in deserts and high saline soils. 9.1.5 Compare blotting paper, porous pots and capillary tubing to the vascular tissues of plants. 9.1.6 Diagram the structure of primary xylem vessels in sections of stems based on microscopic images. 9.1.7 Analyze the tr ...
Document
... • Smaller molecules produced during metabolism are absorbed through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream and transported to different cells for use. • Once in cells, further breakdown occurs into molecules containing two or three carbons. • These smaller molecules are referred to as metabolites, ...
... • Smaller molecules produced during metabolism are absorbed through the intestinal wall into the bloodstream and transported to different cells for use. • Once in cells, further breakdown occurs into molecules containing two or three carbons. • These smaller molecules are referred to as metabolites, ...
Document
... Ans:-Double circulation means that blood passes through the heart twice in one complete cycle of the body. Once it enters the right side of the heart in the deoxygenated state. Q9.Amylase is secreted by two different glands. Name them. What is the action of amylase on food ? Ans:-Amylase is secreted ...
... Ans:-Double circulation means that blood passes through the heart twice in one complete cycle of the body. Once it enters the right side of the heart in the deoxygenated state. Q9.Amylase is secreted by two different glands. Name them. What is the action of amylase on food ? Ans:-Amylase is secreted ...
Life 9e - Garvness
... c. Cytochromes, FADH, and NADH are oxidized. d. Only NAD+ is reduced. e. None of the above Answer: c Textbook Reference: 9.3 How Does Oxidative Phosphorylation Form ATP? Page: 178 Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 48. The electron transport chain contains four large protein complexes (I, II, III, an ...
... c. Cytochromes, FADH, and NADH are oxidized. d. Only NAD+ is reduced. e. None of the above Answer: c Textbook Reference: 9.3 How Does Oxidative Phosphorylation Form ATP? Page: 178 Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 48. The electron transport chain contains four large protein complexes (I, II, III, an ...
Plant functional traits and soil carbon sequestration in contrasting
... allocation of photosynthates (Högberg & Högberg 2002; Warembourg et al. 2003). Respiration rates of symbionts are thus likely greater in fast- than in slow-growing plant species, but the net effect on soil carbon can be specific to the host-symbiont species combination due to differential efficien ...
... allocation of photosynthates (Högberg & Högberg 2002; Warembourg et al. 2003). Respiration rates of symbionts are thus likely greater in fast- than in slow-growing plant species, but the net effect on soil carbon can be specific to the host-symbiont species combination due to differential efficien ...
An Efficient Real–Space Configuration–Interaction Method for
... or curve crossings in molecular reaction dynamics. In contrast, non–adiabatic methods take into account the fact that the electronic motions cannot be rigorously separated from nuclear motions. Nuclear motions can cause the ...
... or curve crossings in molecular reaction dynamics. In contrast, non–adiabatic methods take into account the fact that the electronic motions cannot be rigorously separated from nuclear motions. Nuclear motions can cause the ...
T03 growth2013
... Microbial growth (assimilation) is an endergonic process and requires energy input for the conversion of ingredients from the growth medium into biomass. This energy is derived from the energy source component of the growth medium. Typically an energy source consists of a suitable electron donor and ...
... Microbial growth (assimilation) is an endergonic process and requires energy input for the conversion of ingredients from the growth medium into biomass. This energy is derived from the energy source component of the growth medium. Typically an energy source consists of a suitable electron donor and ...
4.6 Fermentation
... – occurs when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration – does not produce ATP ...
... – occurs when oxygen is not available for cellular respiration – does not produce ATP ...
Note - EtoosIndia
... FADH2 enters the electron system to form 2 ATP. DHAP gets transferred to cytosol. In the presence of this shuttle, 36 ATP are produced from one glucose molecule. (2 Glycolytic NADH2 = 4 ATP) ...
... FADH2 enters the electron system to form 2 ATP. DHAP gets transferred to cytosol. In the presence of this shuttle, 36 ATP are produced from one glucose molecule. (2 Glycolytic NADH2 = 4 ATP) ...
21. glycolysis
... arbohydrates are the first cellular constituents formed by photosynthetic organisms and result from the fixation of CO2 on absorption of light. The carbohydrates are metabolized to yield a vast array of other organic compounds, many of which are subsequently utilized as dietary constituents by anima ...
... arbohydrates are the first cellular constituents formed by photosynthetic organisms and result from the fixation of CO2 on absorption of light. The carbohydrates are metabolized to yield a vast array of other organic compounds, many of which are subsequently utilized as dietary constituents by anima ...
Student notes in ppt
... Stored lipids is the primary source of energy in most organisms. Lipids, such as triacylglycerols, are much more reduced than carbohydrates and are hydrophobic, which makes them ideal storage forms of high energy compounds. ...
... Stored lipids is the primary source of energy in most organisms. Lipids, such as triacylglycerols, are much more reduced than carbohydrates and are hydrophobic, which makes them ideal storage forms of high energy compounds. ...
A Comprehensive Guide to orchid Culture
... expensive than plants propagated through seed or tissue culture. On the other hand, unless some abhorrent mutation occurs, these plants will be exactly like the plant they were propagated from. These plants too are entitled to be recognized by the same variety name as the original plant from which t ...
... expensive than plants propagated through seed or tissue culture. On the other hand, unless some abhorrent mutation occurs, these plants will be exactly like the plant they were propagated from. These plants too are entitled to be recognized by the same variety name as the original plant from which t ...
U4L24 Carbo Disposal
... chain, the reduction/dehydration/reduction steps, moving the fatty acid to the right site and finally releasing it as FA-CoA ...
... chain, the reduction/dehydration/reduction steps, moving the fatty acid to the right site and finally releasing it as FA-CoA ...
Characterization of the regulatory function of the 46
... Arabidopsis Rubisco activase was recently shown to be regulated by redox changes in the larger (46-kDa) isoform specifically mediated by thioredoxin-f [Zhang and Portis (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 9438–9443]. Reduction greatly increases the activity of the 46-kDa isoform and the native protein ...
... Arabidopsis Rubisco activase was recently shown to be regulated by redox changes in the larger (46-kDa) isoform specifically mediated by thioredoxin-f [Zhang and Portis (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 9438–9443]. Reduction greatly increases the activity of the 46-kDa isoform and the native protein ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... are transformed into glucose. B.Two mechanisms are responsible for absorption of monosaccharides: active transport (against concentration gradient i.e. from low to high concentration) and passive transport (by facilitated diffusion). C. For active transport to take place, the structure of sugar shou ...
... are transformed into glucose. B.Two mechanisms are responsible for absorption of monosaccharides: active transport (against concentration gradient i.e. from low to high concentration) and passive transport (by facilitated diffusion). C. For active transport to take place, the structure of sugar shou ...
Introduction
... part of the vascular system of a plant that conducts sap (containing any sugars), manufactured by photosynthesis, around the plant ...
... part of the vascular system of a plant that conducts sap (containing any sugars), manufactured by photosynthesis, around the plant ...
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. This chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, such as sugars, which are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water – hence the name photosynthesis, from the Greek φῶς, phōs, ""light"", and σύνθεσις, synthesis, ""putting together"". In most cases, oxygen is also released as a waste product. Most plants, most algae, and cyanobacteria perform photosynthesis; such organisms are called photoautotrophs. Photosynthesis maintains atmospheric oxygen levels and supplies all of the organic compounds and most of the energy necessary for life on Earth.Although photosynthesis is performed differently by different species, the process always begins when energy from light is absorbed by proteins called reaction centres that contain green chlorophyll pigments. In plants, these proteins are held inside organelles called chloroplasts, which are most abundant in leaf cells, while in bacteria they are embedded in the plasma membrane. In these light-dependent reactions, some energy is used to strip electrons from suitable substances, such as water, producing oxygen gas. Furthermore, two further compounds are generated: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the ""energy currency"" of cells.In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, sugars are produced by a subsequent sequence of light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, but some bacteria use different mechanisms, such as the reverse Krebs cycle. In the Calvin cycle, atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated into already existing organic carbon compounds, such as ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). Using the ATP and NADPH produced by the light-dependent reactions, the resulting compounds are then reduced and removed to form further carbohydrates, such as glucose.The first photosynthetic organisms probably evolved early in the evolutionary history of life and most likely used reducing agents, such as hydrogen or hydrogen sulfide, as sources of electrons, rather than water. Cyanobacteria appeared later; the excess oxygen they produced contributed to the oxygen catastrophe, which rendered the evolution of complex life possible. Today, the average rate of energy capture by photosynthesis globally is approximately 130 terawatts, which is about three times the current power consumption of human civilization.Photosynthetic organisms also convert around 100–115 thousand million metric tonnes of carbon into biomass per year.