- Bridgewater College WordPress
... the old makeup residue in the brushes to be placed directly onto the TSA agar. After 48 hours of incubation at 37°C, colonies successfully grew. The first time the spread plates were inoculated, too much saline solution containing the makeup brush bacteria was spread onto the TSA agar, and improper ...
... the old makeup residue in the brushes to be placed directly onto the TSA agar. After 48 hours of incubation at 37°C, colonies successfully grew. The first time the spread plates were inoculated, too much saline solution containing the makeup brush bacteria was spread onto the TSA agar, and improper ...
national publications
... Abstract: The physico-chemical characteristics of oils extracted from six different parts of hilsa fish (Hilsa ilisha) like dorsal, ventral, tail, egg, liver and brain were analyzed. The physical characteristics such as the specific gravity, refractive index, smoke point, flash point, fire point, cl ...
... Abstract: The physico-chemical characteristics of oils extracted from six different parts of hilsa fish (Hilsa ilisha) like dorsal, ventral, tail, egg, liver and brain were analyzed. The physical characteristics such as the specific gravity, refractive index, smoke point, flash point, fire point, cl ...
Yield Potential, Plant Assimilatory Capacity, and Metabolic Efficiencies
... “Q-cycle” is associated with cyt b6 f. Electrons are transferred from cyt b6 f to PSI via plastocyanin (PC). In noncyclic electron transport, e2 are then transferred from PSI via ferredoxin (Fd) to FNR (ferredoxin-NADP reductase), which leads to reduction of NADP. The dashed line (– – –) indicates c ...
... “Q-cycle” is associated with cyt b6 f. Electrons are transferred from cyt b6 f to PSI via plastocyanin (PC). In noncyclic electron transport, e2 are then transferred from PSI via ferredoxin (Fd) to FNR (ferredoxin-NADP reductase), which leads to reduction of NADP. The dashed line (– – –) indicates c ...
Observations during muscle contraction
... – At rest, ATP phosphorylates creatine. – During exercise, creatine kinase (creatine phosphokinase) moves phosphate from phosphocreatine to ATP ...
... – At rest, ATP phosphorylates creatine. – During exercise, creatine kinase (creatine phosphokinase) moves phosphate from phosphocreatine to ATP ...
BCHEM 253 – METABOLISM IN HEALTH AND DISEASES
... D-Glucose is a major fuel for most organisms. D-Glucose metabolism occupies the center position for all metabolic pathways. Glucose contains a great deal of potential energy. The complete oxidation of glucose yields −2,840 kJ/mol of energy. Glucose + 6O 2 → 6CO2 + 6H2 O ΔGo’ = −2,840 kJ/mol ...
... D-Glucose is a major fuel for most organisms. D-Glucose metabolism occupies the center position for all metabolic pathways. Glucose contains a great deal of potential energy. The complete oxidation of glucose yields −2,840 kJ/mol of energy. Glucose + 6O 2 → 6CO2 + 6H2 O ΔGo’ = −2,840 kJ/mol ...
Contrasting C3, C4 and CAM Photosynthesis
... fixation of CO2 from the actual fixation of CO2 by RuBisCO, in order to concentrate it, what actually is the difference ...
... fixation of CO2 from the actual fixation of CO2 by RuBisCO, in order to concentrate it, what actually is the difference ...
Contrasting C3, C4 and CAM Photosynthesis
... fixation of CO2 from the actual fixation of CO2 by RuBisCO, in order to concentrate it, what actually is the difference ...
... fixation of CO2 from the actual fixation of CO2 by RuBisCO, in order to concentrate it, what actually is the difference ...
The role of photosynthesis and amino acid metabolism in the energy
... Under normal conditions, respiration depends on the oxidation of carbohydrates. However, during situations in which carbohydrate supply is limited, the plant cell can modify its metabolism to utilize alternative respiratory substrates. Among these substrates are proteins. Protein degradation is a hi ...
... Under normal conditions, respiration depends on the oxidation of carbohydrates. However, during situations in which carbohydrate supply is limited, the plant cell can modify its metabolism to utilize alternative respiratory substrates. Among these substrates are proteins. Protein degradation is a hi ...
Slide 1
... transport compounds, make new molecules, and more. With the loss of a phosphate group, high-energy ATP (charged battery) becomes low-energy ADP (used battery). ...
... transport compounds, make new molecules, and more. With the loss of a phosphate group, high-energy ATP (charged battery) becomes low-energy ADP (used battery). ...
Electron transport chain
... • NADH and FADH2 – Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
... • NADH and FADH2 – Donate electrons to the electron transport chain, which powers ATP synthesis via oxidative phosphorylation ...
to an allosteric site
... weak bonds that stabilize the active conformation. • Optimal temperature range of most human enzymes is 35°– 40°C. Optimal pH range for most enzymes is pH 6 – 8. • Some enzymes operate best at more extremes of pH. • For example, the digestive enzyme, pepsin, found in the acid environment of the stom ...
... weak bonds that stabilize the active conformation. • Optimal temperature range of most human enzymes is 35°– 40°C. Optimal pH range for most enzymes is pH 6 – 8. • Some enzymes operate best at more extremes of pH. • For example, the digestive enzyme, pepsin, found in the acid environment of the stom ...
Work and Energy in Muscles
... glycogen remains the major source of energy during the first half-hour. After this period we see that fatty acids and blood glucose take over as major energy sources since muscle glycogen stores have become depleted. Glucose continues as an important energy source throughout the experimental period. ...
... glycogen remains the major source of energy during the first half-hour. After this period we see that fatty acids and blood glucose take over as major energy sources since muscle glycogen stores have become depleted. Glucose continues as an important energy source throughout the experimental period. ...
Guidelines for the Investigation of Hyperammonaemia
... A normal plasma collected from a symptomatic infant excludes a Urea Cycle Defect If the ammonia concentration is higher on repeat testing this provides additional evidence for a metabolic disorder. If the confirmed results is greater than 150 µmol it should be repeated again within 4 hours as concen ...
... A normal plasma collected from a symptomatic infant excludes a Urea Cycle Defect If the ammonia concentration is higher on repeat testing this provides additional evidence for a metabolic disorder. If the confirmed results is greater than 150 µmol it should be repeated again within 4 hours as concen ...
Guideline for the investigation of hyperammonaemia
... collection or a delay in analysis. Plasma ammonia levels should be taken from a free flowing venous sample and should be taken directly to the biochemistry laboratory. It is important to inform the laboratory that an ammonia sample is being taken before drawing the blood. Hyperammonaemia can be caus ...
... collection or a delay in analysis. Plasma ammonia levels should be taken from a free flowing venous sample and should be taken directly to the biochemistry laboratory. It is important to inform the laboratory that an ammonia sample is being taken before drawing the blood. Hyperammonaemia can be caus ...
Nutrition and Food Science
... Nutrition and Food Science Elucidating Metabolic Effects & Health Benefits of Dietary Components Explore the Complex Relationship Between Nutrition and Metabolism Nutrients and non-essential compounds present in foods interact with a number of metabolic pathways. Decoding these complex interactions ...
... Nutrition and Food Science Elucidating Metabolic Effects & Health Benefits of Dietary Components Explore the Complex Relationship Between Nutrition and Metabolism Nutrients and non-essential compounds present in foods interact with a number of metabolic pathways. Decoding these complex interactions ...
lect4
... Free ammonia is a by-product of brain metabolism The neurotransmitter GABA is inactivated by deamination glutamate + NH4+ + ATP ...
... Free ammonia is a by-product of brain metabolism The neurotransmitter GABA is inactivated by deamination glutamate + NH4+ + ATP ...
Document
... molecules are broken down in a series of steps Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD, a coenzyme As an electron acceptor, NAD functions as an oxidizing agent during cellular respiration Each NADH (the reduced form of NAD) represents stored energy that is tapp ...
... molecules are broken down in a series of steps Electrons from organic compounds are usually first transferred to NAD, a coenzyme As an electron acceptor, NAD functions as an oxidizing agent during cellular respiration Each NADH (the reduced form of NAD) represents stored energy that is tapp ...
3-Glycolysis BCH340
... Lactate released to the blood may be taken up by other tissues, or by skeletal muscle after exercise, and converted via Lactate Dehydrogenase back to pyruvate, which may be oxidized in Krebs Cycle or (in liver) converted to back to glucose via ...
... Lactate released to the blood may be taken up by other tissues, or by skeletal muscle after exercise, and converted via Lactate Dehydrogenase back to pyruvate, which may be oxidized in Krebs Cycle or (in liver) converted to back to glucose via ...
... in the presence of NADH or NADPH,7 while a cell-free particulate preparation of Penicillium patulum catalyzed the epoxidation of gentisyl alcohol (a hydroquinone) in the absence of any added cofactor,24as we now report for two Streptomyces enzymes. Consistent with the mechanism proposed for the P. p ...
Chapter 19 Lipid Metabolism
... Can synthesize fatty acids from sugars, some amino acids, and other fatty acids. →Fatty acids are synthesized from acetyl-CoA in the cytosol. The body synthesizes palmitic acid (16:0), and then modifies it to form other fatty acids. Synthesis of Palmitic Acid 8 acetyl-CoA + 7 ATP +14NADPH +14H+ → pa ...
... Can synthesize fatty acids from sugars, some amino acids, and other fatty acids. →Fatty acids are synthesized from acetyl-CoA in the cytosol. The body synthesizes palmitic acid (16:0), and then modifies it to form other fatty acids. Synthesis of Palmitic Acid 8 acetyl-CoA + 7 ATP +14NADPH +14H+ → pa ...
Q26to35
... E. The PPP is necessary to provide the carbon dioxide needed to produce malonyl-CoA carbon dioxide not in short supply ...
... E. The PPP is necessary to provide the carbon dioxide needed to produce malonyl-CoA carbon dioxide not in short supply ...
Chapter 14 - Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation 14.4
... 14.15 The P:O Ratio molecules of ADP phosphorylated P:O ratio = ----------------------------------------atoms of oxygen reduced • Translocation of 3H+ required by ATP synthase for each ATP produced • 1 H+ needed for transport of Pi, ADP and ATP • Net: 4 H+ transported for each ATP synthesized Prent ...
... 14.15 The P:O Ratio molecules of ADP phosphorylated P:O ratio = ----------------------------------------atoms of oxygen reduced • Translocation of 3H+ required by ATP synthase for each ATP produced • 1 H+ needed for transport of Pi, ADP and ATP • Net: 4 H+ transported for each ATP synthesized Prent ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)