Unit 6: Ecology
... infinitely. However, each ecosystem has a limited amount of resources which influences how organisms interact. Some basics: 1. competition: the struggle for resources among organisms. As resources increase, so do population sizes. 2. Factors that limit the size of a population are known as limiting ...
... infinitely. However, each ecosystem has a limited amount of resources which influences how organisms interact. Some basics: 1. competition: the struggle for resources among organisms. As resources increase, so do population sizes. 2. Factors that limit the size of a population are known as limiting ...
Biology1FinalExam I F'04.doc
... a. All red b. Mixed red and white (some flowers of each color) c. pink d. white with pink streaks e. purple 32.Genes located on the same chromosome are said to be: a. polygenic. b. bottlenecked. c. pleiotropic. d. linked. e. epistatic. 33.An inactivated ‘X’ chromosome in a human female cell is seen ...
... a. All red b. Mixed red and white (some flowers of each color) c. pink d. white with pink streaks e. purple 32.Genes located on the same chromosome are said to be: a. polygenic. b. bottlenecked. c. pleiotropic. d. linked. e. epistatic. 33.An inactivated ‘X’ chromosome in a human female cell is seen ...
Title - Iowa State University
... 2. Glycolysis involves breaking down glucose to make two molecules of ________. This also creates ___ molecules of ATP and ___ molecules of NADH. Glycolysis requires Oxygen, which is termed ________ respiration. Glycolysis occurs in ___ steps or ___ phases. 3. Pyruvate then enters the mitochondr ...
... 2. Glycolysis involves breaking down glucose to make two molecules of ________. This also creates ___ molecules of ATP and ___ molecules of NADH. Glycolysis requires Oxygen, which is termed ________ respiration. Glycolysis occurs in ___ steps or ___ phases. 3. Pyruvate then enters the mitochondr ...
Slide 1
... intermediates in the citric acid cycle). The final stage of catabolism is the aerobic combustion of the acetyl groups of acetyl CoA by the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation to produce CO2 and H20. As will be discussed in lecture 27, oxidation of acetyl CoA generates most of the energy ...
... intermediates in the citric acid cycle). The final stage of catabolism is the aerobic combustion of the acetyl groups of acetyl CoA by the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation to produce CO2 and H20. As will be discussed in lecture 27, oxidation of acetyl CoA generates most of the energy ...
Chapter 4: Principles of Ecology: How Ecosystems Work
... materials within this closed system are recycled over and over in order for life to be sustained. The only outside contribution to the biosphere is sunlight, which provides energy for all living things. Biomes and Aquatic Life Zones The biosphere consists of distinct regions called biomes and aquati ...
... materials within this closed system are recycled over and over in order for life to be sustained. The only outside contribution to the biosphere is sunlight, which provides energy for all living things. Biomes and Aquatic Life Zones The biosphere consists of distinct regions called biomes and aquati ...
File
... ______ The final steps regenerate NAD+, the coenzyme that assists the breakdown reactions ______ Each pyruvate molecule that formed in glycolysis is converted to the intermediate acetaldehyde ______ These reactions do not completely degrade glucose to CO2 and H2O ...
... ______ The final steps regenerate NAD+, the coenzyme that assists the breakdown reactions ______ Each pyruvate molecule that formed in glycolysis is converted to the intermediate acetaldehyde ______ These reactions do not completely degrade glucose to CO2 and H2O ...
Environmental Chemistry
... those pollutants or their effects, either by chemical testing or direct observation of biological organisms. Biological indicators are organisms whose presence or absence gives clues as to the amount of pollution affecting any ecosystem. ...
... those pollutants or their effects, either by chemical testing or direct observation of biological organisms. Biological indicators are organisms whose presence or absence gives clues as to the amount of pollution affecting any ecosystem. ...
1 Introduction and History Introduction to the course (syllabus
... a. nutrients = substances required for microbial growth (1) biosynthesis (2) energy production b. analysis of cells shows that 95% of dry weight is made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron (1) termed the macroelements or macronutrient ...
... a. nutrients = substances required for microbial growth (1) biosynthesis (2) energy production b. analysis of cells shows that 95% of dry weight is made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and iron (1) termed the macroelements or macronutrient ...
L10v01a_intro_to_metabolism.stamped_doc
... amino acids, phospholipids, nucleotides, other cofactors that we need to synthesize in order to support cell division, new cells. And this lays the foundation for the calculations that people are able to do. [00:04:33.87] As you can see, we know what the input is, and we know the connectivity of th ...
... amino acids, phospholipids, nucleotides, other cofactors that we need to synthesize in order to support cell division, new cells. And this lays the foundation for the calculations that people are able to do. [00:04:33.87] As you can see, we know what the input is, and we know the connectivity of th ...
Aerobic Metabolism ii: electron transport chain
... As electrons pass through the ETC, protons are transported from the matrix and released into the inter membrane space As a result, an electrical potential and proton gradient (pH) arise across the inner membrane and this elecrochemical proton gradient is often referred as protonmotive force ...
... As electrons pass through the ETC, protons are transported from the matrix and released into the inter membrane space As a result, an electrical potential and proton gradient (pH) arise across the inner membrane and this elecrochemical proton gradient is often referred as protonmotive force ...
Resource: Microbes Video Transcript
... Life in the domains bacteria and archaea consist of microbes—that is, they are one celled organisms. However, not all organisms in eukarya are microbes, and are instead multicellular. For instance, although there are unicellular fungi, such as yeast, other fungi such as mushrooms consist of many cel ...
... Life in the domains bacteria and archaea consist of microbes—that is, they are one celled organisms. However, not all organisms in eukarya are microbes, and are instead multicellular. For instance, although there are unicellular fungi, such as yeast, other fungi such as mushrooms consist of many cel ...
Honors Cellular Respiration
... What is Cellular Respiration? The release of chemical energy for use by cells. Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism. This process is cellular respiratio ...
... What is Cellular Respiration? The release of chemical energy for use by cells. Once the energy that was in sunlight is changed into chemical energy by photosynthesis, an organism has to transform the chemical energy into a a form that can be used by the organism. This process is cellular respiratio ...
Ecosystems and Biomes
... large fish have invertebrate parasites cleaner mimic gains access to large fish and takes a bite (parasitism & deceit) ...
... large fish have invertebrate parasites cleaner mimic gains access to large fish and takes a bite (parasitism & deceit) ...
Unit 8 -Ecology Populations, Communities, Ecosystems, and Biomes
... Remember: Because of ___________ ____________ every organism has a variety of __________________ that are suited to it’s specific living conditions. The role of an organism in it’s habitat is called its _________________. (what it eats, how it gets the food, what eats it, how and when it reproduces, ...
... Remember: Because of ___________ ____________ every organism has a variety of __________________ that are suited to it’s specific living conditions. The role of an organism in it’s habitat is called its _________________. (what it eats, how it gets the food, what eats it, how and when it reproduces, ...
living
... amount of biodiversity (different plants and animals)? • The Tropical Rainforest due to its high amount of rainfall, and the amount of sunlight it gets year round. ...
... amount of biodiversity (different plants and animals)? • The Tropical Rainforest due to its high amount of rainfall, and the amount of sunlight it gets year round. ...
Cellular Respiration
... Glucose (sugar) provides energy. Monosaccharides and Dissacharides structures usually give quick energy. Polysaccharide structure is mainly used for storage and structure. Glucose is obtained from and/or produced by plants The Cell and the Mitochondria ...
... Glucose (sugar) provides energy. Monosaccharides and Dissacharides structures usually give quick energy. Polysaccharide structure is mainly used for storage and structure. Glucose is obtained from and/or produced by plants The Cell and the Mitochondria ...
Cellular Respiration
... compounds and break them down to release their stored energy (ATP) • When the bond to the last phosphate group is broken, leaving ADP and a free phosphate group, the energy released is available to do cellular work. • In P/S the CO2 and H2O are involved in two separate sets of reactions: • H2O is sp ...
... compounds and break them down to release their stored energy (ATP) • When the bond to the last phosphate group is broken, leaving ADP and a free phosphate group, the energy released is available to do cellular work. • In P/S the CO2 and H2O are involved in two separate sets of reactions: • H2O is sp ...
Chapter 6 How Cells Harvest Chemical Energy
... monosaccharides and then converted to glucose for glycolysis • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the Krebs cycle • Fats are broken up and fed into glycolysis and the Krebs cycle ...
... monosaccharides and then converted to glucose for glycolysis • Proteins can be digested to amino acids, which are chemically altered and then used in the Krebs cycle • Fats are broken up and fed into glycolysis and the Krebs cycle ...
Chapter 34: Ecosystems and Human Interferences
... The flow of energy with large losses between successive trophic levels can be depicted as an ecological pyramid that shows trophic levels stacked one on the other like building blocks. Usually a pyramid shows that biomass and energy content decrease from one trophic level to the next, but an invert ...
... The flow of energy with large losses between successive trophic levels can be depicted as an ecological pyramid that shows trophic levels stacked one on the other like building blocks. Usually a pyramid shows that biomass and energy content decrease from one trophic level to the next, but an invert ...
Food Chains and Webs Notes(page 601, Ch.20) Main Idea Details
... Food Chains and Webs Notes(page 601, Ch.20) Main Idea Autotrophs(producers) ...
... Food Chains and Webs Notes(page 601, Ch.20) Main Idea Autotrophs(producers) ...
PDF Datastream - Brown Digital Repository
... laboratories, they can be grown successfully without feeding them live insects. Technically, they are heterotrophic, but can survive as autotrophs. Plants on slide: venous fly trap (left) and California pitcher plant (right) Slide 6: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the molecular unit of energy c ...
... laboratories, they can be grown successfully without feeding them live insects. Technically, they are heterotrophic, but can survive as autotrophs. Plants on slide: venous fly trap (left) and California pitcher plant (right) Slide 6: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the molecular unit of energy c ...
Microbial metabolism
Microbial metabolism is the means by which a microbe obtains the energy and nutrients (e.g. carbon) it needs to live and reproduce. Microbes use many different types of metabolic strategies and species can often be differentiated from each other based on metabolic characteristics. The specific metabolic properties of a microbe are the major factors in determining that microbe’s ecological niche, and often allow for that microbe to be useful in industrial processes or responsible for biogeochemical cycles.== Types of microbial metabolism ==All microbial metabolisms can be arranged according to three principles:1. How the organism obtains carbon for synthesising cell mass: autotrophic – carbon is obtained from carbon dioxide (CO2) heterotrophic – carbon is obtained from organic compounds mixotrophic – carbon is obtained from both organic compounds and by fixing carbon dioxide2. How the organism obtains reducing equivalents used either in energy conservation or in biosynthetic reactions: lithotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from inorganic compounds organotrophic – reducing equivalents are obtained from organic compounds3. How the organism obtains energy for living and growing: chemotrophic – energy is obtained from external chemical compounds phototrophic – energy is obtained from lightIn practice, these terms are almost freely combined. Typical examples are as follows: chemolithoautotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide. Examples: Nitrifying bacteria, Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, Iron-oxidizing bacteria, Knallgas-bacteria photolithoautotrophs obtain energy from light and carbon from the fixation of carbon dioxide, using reducing equivalents from inorganic compounds. Examples: Cyanobacteria (water (H2O) as reducing equivalent donor), Chlorobiaceae, Chromatiaceae (hydrogen sulfide (H2S) as reducing equivalent donor), Chloroflexus (hydrogen (H2) as reducing equivalent donor) chemolithoheterotrophs obtain energy from the oxidation of inorganic compounds, but cannot fix carbon dioxide (CO2). Examples: some Thiobacilus, some Beggiatoa, some Nitrobacter spp., Wolinella (with H2 as reducing equivalent donor), some Knallgas-bacteria, some sulfate-reducing bacteria chemoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy, carbon, and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Examples: most bacteria, e. g. Escherichia coli, Bacillus spp., Actinobacteria photoorganoheterotrophs obtain energy from light, carbon and reducing equivalents for biosynthetic reactions from organic compounds. Some species are strictly heterotrophic, many others can also fix carbon dioxide and are mixotrophic. Examples: Rhodobacter, Rhodopseudomonas, Rhodospirillum, Rhodomicrobium, Rhodocyclus, Heliobacterium, Chloroflexus (alternatively to photolithoautotrophy with hydrogen)