Short-term regulation of the mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase
... In this minireview the main mechanism of control of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) activity by phosphorylation–dephosphorylation is presented in the first place. The information recently obtained in several laboratories includes new data about isoforms of the PDH converting enzymes ( ...
... In this minireview the main mechanism of control of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) activity by phosphorylation–dephosphorylation is presented in the first place. The information recently obtained in several laboratories includes new data about isoforms of the PDH converting enzymes ( ...
Structural and Functional Basis of
... ion-pairs to the guanidinium group of Arg-120 and hydrogenbonds to Tyr-355. The aliphatic backbone projects up into the top of the cyclooxygenase active site from the hydrophobic channel and then makes a sharp bend in the vicinity of Tyr385 (Figure 5).32,33 In these structures, the vast majority of ...
... ion-pairs to the guanidinium group of Arg-120 and hydrogenbonds to Tyr-355. The aliphatic backbone projects up into the top of the cyclooxygenase active site from the hydrophobic channel and then makes a sharp bend in the vicinity of Tyr385 (Figure 5).32,33 In these structures, the vast majority of ...
University of Groningen Citrate driven transamination for
... pta) and acetate kinase (ACK) (encoded by ackA1 and ackA2). The pathway from pyruvate to acetate via acetate kinase produces metabolic energy in the form of ATP. A shift from homolactic fermentation (L-lactate) to mixed-acid fermentation (ethanol and acetate) has been observed under certain growth c ...
... pta) and acetate kinase (ACK) (encoded by ackA1 and ackA2). The pathway from pyruvate to acetate via acetate kinase produces metabolic energy in the form of ATP. A shift from homolactic fermentation (L-lactate) to mixed-acid fermentation (ethanol and acetate) has been observed under certain growth c ...
ESTUDIO DE LOS MECANISMOS DE INHIBICIÓN DE LA ACTIVIDAD CARNITINA PALMITOILTRANSFERASA 1
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
... The enzyme carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)1 I catalyzes the conversion of long chain fatty acyl-CoAs to acylcarnitines, which is the first step in the transport of fatty acyl-CoA groups from the cytosol to mitochondria where they undergo -oxidation. This reaction is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, a ...
Intermediary metabolism
... the cell. In this chapter, we will focus on intermediary metabolism, which describes all reactions concerned with the storage and generation of metabolic energy required for the biosynthesis of low-molecular weight compounds and energy storage compounds (Mathews and Van Holde, 1996). In the intermed ...
... the cell. In this chapter, we will focus on intermediary metabolism, which describes all reactions concerned with the storage and generation of metabolic energy required for the biosynthesis of low-molecular weight compounds and energy storage compounds (Mathews and Van Holde, 1996). In the intermed ...
Mechanistic Role of an NS4A Peptide Cofactor with the Truncated
... residue in this substrate cleavage site, had no effect on catalytic parameters and let us avoid potential problems arising from the adjacent Cys residue (data not shown). Although the 5A/5B cleavage sequence is more hydrophobic than the 4A/4B cleavage sequence, solubility problems were not encounter ...
... residue in this substrate cleavage site, had no effect on catalytic parameters and let us avoid potential problems arising from the adjacent Cys residue (data not shown). Although the 5A/5B cleavage sequence is more hydrophobic than the 4A/4B cleavage sequence, solubility problems were not encounter ...
Saccharomyces species in the Production of Beer
... brewing will be discussed in Section 8. Yeast is cultured in an acidic aqueous sugary solution called wort prepared from barley malt and other cereals such as corn (maize), wheat, rice, sorghum, and also cane and beet sugar. The cells absorb dissolved sugars, simple nitrogenous matter (amino acids, ...
... brewing will be discussed in Section 8. Yeast is cultured in an acidic aqueous sugary solution called wort prepared from barley malt and other cereals such as corn (maize), wheat, rice, sorghum, and also cane and beet sugar. The cells absorb dissolved sugars, simple nitrogenous matter (amino acids, ...
List of tables - Repositório Aberto da Universidade do Porto
... Robert Koch, postulate that bacteria are present in all cases of the disease. To prove this assumption, bacteria were extracted for the host, grown in pure culture, reintroduced in a healthy host, and finally recovered from the infected host. However, now like in the past, this postulate has some li ...
... Robert Koch, postulate that bacteria are present in all cases of the disease. To prove this assumption, bacteria were extracted for the host, grown in pure culture, reintroduced in a healthy host, and finally recovered from the infected host. However, now like in the past, this postulate has some li ...
Myr 8, A Novel Unconventional Myosin Expressed during Brain
... members of a new class of myosins, which we have designated class XVI. The head domain of myr 8 myosins contains an N-terminal extension composed of multiple ankyrin repeats, which biochemical evidence implicates in binding the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) catalytic subunits 1␣ and 1␥. Immunoblot and ...
... members of a new class of myosins, which we have designated class XVI. The head domain of myr 8 myosins contains an N-terminal extension composed of multiple ankyrin repeats, which biochemical evidence implicates in binding the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) catalytic subunits 1␣ and 1␥. Immunoblot and ...
BIOTRANSFORMATION OF DRUGS
... metabolite, or into a C=C double bond, forming an epoxide. A hydroxylated metabolite may be stable, or unstable. From an unstable hydroxylated metabolite a group may break off spontaneously: an alkyl group, ammonia, a halogen atom, or sulfur atom; such reactions are called oxidative dealkylation, ox ...
... metabolite, or into a C=C double bond, forming an epoxide. A hydroxylated metabolite may be stable, or unstable. From an unstable hydroxylated metabolite a group may break off spontaneously: an alkyl group, ammonia, a halogen atom, or sulfur atom; such reactions are called oxidative dealkylation, ox ...
Factor IXHollywood
... this mutation. Churucferizof ion ofjucfor /X,,” protein. Approximately 5 mg of factor IX,,, protein was isolated from 5 L of the patient’s plasma. The results of SDS gel electrophoretic analysis of the purified factor IX,,, are shown in Fig I A . For comparison, SIX gels of factor IX, arc also depic ...
... this mutation. Churucferizof ion ofjucfor /X,,” protein. Approximately 5 mg of factor IX,,, protein was isolated from 5 L of the patient’s plasma. The results of SDS gel electrophoretic analysis of the purified factor IX,,, are shown in Fig I A . For comparison, SIX gels of factor IX, arc also depic ...
please refer to anzfa`s guide to applications and proposals for a
... On the basis of the available evidence, including detailed studies provided by the Applicant, food derived from dual-herbicide tolerant soybean line DP-356043-5 is considered as safe and wholesome as food derived from other commercial soybean varieties. Novel herbicide residues The US EPA has only ...
... On the basis of the available evidence, including detailed studies provided by the Applicant, food derived from dual-herbicide tolerant soybean line DP-356043-5 is considered as safe and wholesome as food derived from other commercial soybean varieties. Novel herbicide residues The US EPA has only ...
THE MULTIFARIOUS AND DYNAMIC REGULATION OF THE LIVING CELL Karen van Eunen
... The quantitative method of Sauro discussed above, dissects the various components of the metabolic regulation of the flux. To include the regulation by gene expression, a complementary methodology was developed by Ter Kuile and Westerhoff [299]. This methodology, called Hierarchical Regulation Analy ...
... The quantitative method of Sauro discussed above, dissects the various components of the metabolic regulation of the flux. To include the regulation by gene expression, a complementary methodology was developed by Ter Kuile and Westerhoff [299]. This methodology, called Hierarchical Regulation Analy ...
The enzymes of biotin dependent CO2 metabolism: What structures
... however, also showed the B-domain in an open conformation.23 In contrast, crystal structures of the apo biotin carboxylase domains from yeast acetylCoA carboxylase,24 human acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2,25 and Bacillus thermodenitrificans pyruvate carboxylase26 all demonstrated conformations for the Bdom ...
... however, also showed the B-domain in an open conformation.23 In contrast, crystal structures of the apo biotin carboxylase domains from yeast acetylCoA carboxylase,24 human acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2,25 and Bacillus thermodenitrificans pyruvate carboxylase26 all demonstrated conformations for the Bdom ...
cofactorsA
... Rarity: vitamin is the prosthetic group Used in reactions that transfer carboxyl groups … and in ATP-dependent carboxylations ...
... Rarity: vitamin is the prosthetic group Used in reactions that transfer carboxyl groups … and in ATP-dependent carboxylations ...
L19 Alkaloids MedicinalPlants
... ** iso, pseudo, neo and epi : always prefixes used for designating isomeric compounds. **The suffix (dine) refers to isomers as: quinidine and cinchonidine for example: different isomers and different biological activity. **(ine) : additionally added, refers specially by ergot alkaloids to designat ...
... ** iso, pseudo, neo and epi : always prefixes used for designating isomeric compounds. **The suffix (dine) refers to isomers as: quinidine and cinchonidine for example: different isomers and different biological activity. **(ine) : additionally added, refers specially by ergot alkaloids to designat ...
Glycolysis
... concentrations of pyruvate and lactate and the ratio NADH/NAD+ - in the liver and heart, the ratio of NADH/NAD+ is lower than in exercising muscle, these tissues oxidize lactate obtained from blood to pyruvate . -In the liver pyruvate is converted to glucose (called Cori Cycle) or enter the citric a ...
... concentrations of pyruvate and lactate and the ratio NADH/NAD+ - in the liver and heart, the ratio of NADH/NAD+ is lower than in exercising muscle, these tissues oxidize lactate obtained from blood to pyruvate . -In the liver pyruvate is converted to glucose (called Cori Cycle) or enter the citric a ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.