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... tissue, but also in the liver, muscle, heart and pancreas. This pathway is used to maintain and control energy homeostasis by a continuous communication between oxidative tissues and peripheral organs, in particular adipose tissue. The process of fatty acid esterification into TAG involves the activ ...
... tissue, but also in the liver, muscle, heart and pancreas. This pathway is used to maintain and control energy homeostasis by a continuous communication between oxidative tissues and peripheral organs, in particular adipose tissue. The process of fatty acid esterification into TAG involves the activ ...
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... the microelectrode when the adsorbent consisted of PS microbeads with a SPG-modified surface. A different protein immobilization method involves using a protein implanted with a ligand that acts as a tag [9]. The tag consisted of a continuous sequence of seven to eight histidine residues and could b ...
... the microelectrode when the adsorbent consisted of PS microbeads with a SPG-modified surface. A different protein immobilization method involves using a protein implanted with a ligand that acts as a tag [9]. The tag consisted of a continuous sequence of seven to eight histidine residues and could b ...
CYP-450
... Nitro compounds are reduced to aromatic primary amines by a nitro-reductase, presumably through nitrosoamine and hydroxylamine intermediates. These reductases are not solely responsible for the reduction of azo and nitro compounds, probably because of reduction by the bacterial flora(细菌群落) in th ...
... Nitro compounds are reduced to aromatic primary amines by a nitro-reductase, presumably through nitrosoamine and hydroxylamine intermediates. These reductases are not solely responsible for the reduction of azo and nitro compounds, probably because of reduction by the bacterial flora(细菌群落) in th ...
Presentation part1-201210091211
... carnitine production is in the liver. During lactation, the production of carnitine in the mammary gland increases, apparently at the expense of production in the mother's liver, which is also accompanied by reduced hepatic enzymatic and transcriptional activity, as well as solute carrier activities ...
... carnitine production is in the liver. During lactation, the production of carnitine in the mammary gland increases, apparently at the expense of production in the mother's liver, which is also accompanied by reduced hepatic enzymatic and transcriptional activity, as well as solute carrier activities ...
An Investigation of Acetobacter aceti N5
... indicate that the two do not differ significantly, indicating there has been no adaptive change in enzyme mechanism. Also reported is a summary and analysis of a number of crystal structures that have been determined for AaPurE, which suggests a strategy by which proteins may have become resistant t ...
... indicate that the two do not differ significantly, indicating there has been no adaptive change in enzyme mechanism. Also reported is a summary and analysis of a number of crystal structures that have been determined for AaPurE, which suggests a strategy by which proteins may have become resistant t ...
Influence on the Formation of Aragonite or Vaterite by Otolith
... ones, form on the surface of lapillus (Figure 5, b). The latter crystals almost completely cover the surface, with a few big rhombohedral crystals grown among them (Figure 5, d). Comparison with known morphologies of calcium carbonate polymorphs indicates that the rhombohedral ones are calcite while ...
... ones, form on the surface of lapillus (Figure 5, b). The latter crystals almost completely cover the surface, with a few big rhombohedral crystals grown among them (Figure 5, d). Comparison with known morphologies of calcium carbonate polymorphs indicates that the rhombohedral ones are calcite while ...
Glycation by Ascorbic Acid Causes Loss of Activity of Ribulose
... contribute to this aggregation because the treatment of glycated Rubisco samples used for SDS-PAGE with the reductant 2-mercaptoethanol did not remove the presence of high molecular mass aggregated Rubisco bands. In contrast, aggregated Rubisco bands formed during oxidization stress disappeared in r ...
... contribute to this aggregation because the treatment of glycated Rubisco samples used for SDS-PAGE with the reductant 2-mercaptoethanol did not remove the presence of high molecular mass aggregated Rubisco bands. In contrast, aggregated Rubisco bands formed during oxidization stress disappeared in r ...
principles of metabolic regulation: glucose and glycogen
... play discrete roles in the cell’s economy, no such separation exists inside the cell. Rather, each of the pathways we discuss in this book is inextricably intertwined with all the other cellular pathways in a multidimensional network of reactions (Fig. 15–1). For example, in Chapter 14 we discussed ...
... play discrete roles in the cell’s economy, no such separation exists inside the cell. Rather, each of the pathways we discuss in this book is inextricably intertwined with all the other cellular pathways in a multidimensional network of reactions (Fig. 15–1). For example, in Chapter 14 we discussed ...
The mitochondrial carnitine/acylcarnitine carrier: Function
... Oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria coupled to oxidative phosphorylation is the most important pathway for the production of metabolic energy during fasting. This process occurs in the mitochondrial matrix where the enzymes of fatty acid b-oxidation are located. Fatty acyl groups are transporte ...
... Oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria coupled to oxidative phosphorylation is the most important pathway for the production of metabolic energy during fasting. This process occurs in the mitochondrial matrix where the enzymes of fatty acid b-oxidation are located. Fatty acyl groups are transporte ...
Enzymes responsible for chlorate reduction by Pseudomonas sp
... amino acids of the N-terminus of the 60 kDa band (SATDISGAFEYSGGE) did not show similarity to any other previously isolated chlorate or perchlorate reductase [10–13]. The closest match was a 73% similarity to the chaperonin GroEL proteins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Azotobacter vinelandii. These ...
... amino acids of the N-terminus of the 60 kDa band (SATDISGAFEYSGGE) did not show similarity to any other previously isolated chlorate or perchlorate reductase [10–13]. The closest match was a 73% similarity to the chaperonin GroEL proteins from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Azotobacter vinelandii. These ...
Diversity and origins of anaerobic metabolism in mitochondria and
... described in the 1970s [20,21] and those of the human urogenital parasite Trichomonas vaginalis have become the best-studied MROs to date. They function in several canonical mitochondrial processes including amino acid metabolism, oxygen detoxification and Fe-S cluster biosynthesis, and possess two ...
... described in the 1970s [20,21] and those of the human urogenital parasite Trichomonas vaginalis have become the best-studied MROs to date. They function in several canonical mitochondrial processes including amino acid metabolism, oxygen detoxification and Fe-S cluster biosynthesis, and possess two ...
Effects of Xylitol on S. mutans
... the low-pH bacteria producing acidic end-products and thus beneficial for the patients ...
... the low-pH bacteria producing acidic end-products and thus beneficial for the patients ...
A Chemical Approach To Illustrate the Principal of Signal
... In nature, cellular functions are propagated by cascades of molecules, which interact with one another for signal transduction. Generally, the sequential process is initiated by the binding of an extracellular signal to a receptor culminating in one or more specific cellular responses In this way, a ...
... In nature, cellular functions are propagated by cascades of molecules, which interact with one another for signal transduction. Generally, the sequential process is initiated by the binding of an extracellular signal to a receptor culminating in one or more specific cellular responses In this way, a ...
Glycoside hydrolases: Catalytic base
... departure of the leaving group by donating a proton to the glycosyl oxygen atom while the nucleophile forms an enzyme sequestered covalent intermediate. In the second step, the deprotonated acid/base acts as a general base to activate a water molecule that carries out a nucleophilic attack on the gl ...
... departure of the leaving group by donating a proton to the glycosyl oxygen atom while the nucleophile forms an enzyme sequestered covalent intermediate. In the second step, the deprotonated acid/base acts as a general base to activate a water molecule that carries out a nucleophilic attack on the gl ...
Plasma and Vascular Tissue Arginine Are Decreased in Diabetes
... concentrations of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator, ACH. We have previously shown that relaxation to ACH is virtually blocked in both control and diabetic rat aorta by NO synthase inhibitors (Pieper and Peltier, 1995; Pieper et al., 1995). For these studies, the rings were challenged once with ...
... concentrations of the endothelium-dependent vasodilator, ACH. We have previously shown that relaxation to ACH is virtually blocked in both control and diabetic rat aorta by NO synthase inhibitors (Pieper and Peltier, 1995; Pieper et al., 1995). For these studies, the rings were challenged once with ...
universidade estadual de maringá metabolic alterations caused by
... Usnic acid is a naturally occurring dibenzofuran derivative found in several lichen species. The compound has been marketed as an ingredient of food supplements for weight reduction. There is evidence that the compound acts as an uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and it is also cl ...
... Usnic acid is a naturally occurring dibenzofuran derivative found in several lichen species. The compound has been marketed as an ingredient of food supplements for weight reduction. There is evidence that the compound acts as an uncoupler of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and it is also cl ...
Amino Acid-Protecting Groups
... is totally mandatory for the construction of these polyfunctional molecules, which contain up to eight distinct functional groups in addition to indole and imidazole rings, which should also be protected. Only the carbonyl function is absent from the natural amino acids, because even phosphate-prote ...
... is totally mandatory for the construction of these polyfunctional molecules, which contain up to eight distinct functional groups in addition to indole and imidazole rings, which should also be protected. Only the carbonyl function is absent from the natural amino acids, because even phosphate-prote ...
Life 9e - Garvness
... c. Cytochromes, FADH, and NADH are oxidized. d. Only NAD+ is reduced. e. None of the above Answer: c Textbook Reference: 9.3 How Does Oxidative Phosphorylation Form ATP? Page: 178 Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 48. The electron transport chain contains four large protein complexes (I, II, III, an ...
... c. Cytochromes, FADH, and NADH are oxidized. d. Only NAD+ is reduced. e. None of the above Answer: c Textbook Reference: 9.3 How Does Oxidative Phosphorylation Form ATP? Page: 178 Bloom’s Category: 1. Remembering 48. The electron transport chain contains four large protein complexes (I, II, III, an ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.