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Pre – AP Biology
Pre – AP Biology

List of protein families currently covered by SVMProt
List of protein families currently covered by SVMProt

... It has 16 alanines (n1=16) and 14 glutamic acids (n2=14). The composition for these two amino acids are n1×100.00/(n1+n2)=53.33 and n2×100.00/(n1+n2)=46.67 respectively. There are 15 transitions from A to E or from E to A in this sequence and the percent frequency of these transitions is (15/29)×100 ...
PSI Large Biological Molecules Homework Questions
PSI Large Biological Molecules Homework Questions

... 9. What is the maximum number of atoms a carbon atom can bond to? 10. What kind of bonds do carbon atoms form with other atoms? 11. What two kinds of atoms are all hydrocarbons made of? 12. Are hydrocarbons soluble in water? Explain. 13. To what type of hydrocarbon can additional atoms be added? How ...
APBioReview
APBioReview

... • Number, type, and sequence of amino acids ...
How do digestive enzymes work
How do digestive enzymes work

proteins aminacids notesKelly
proteins aminacids notesKelly

... AROMATIC & SPECIAL ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... All information needed for protein synthesis is located on DNA However, this information can not be used directly Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is used as an intermediate to take information from DNA to make proteins The RNA used for this transcription is called messenger RNA (mRNA) ...
C h e m g u id e   –... AMINO ACIDS:  ACID-BASE BEHAVIOUR
C h e m g u id e –... AMINO ACIDS: ACID-BASE BEHAVIOUR

... electrophoresis. Describe how you would carry out simple electrophoresis on a solution containing one of these ions. e) The final result of the electrophoresis you have described will probably be a spot on a piece of paper. How does this spot give you information about the charge on the ion? Illustr ...
Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives

... Which types of interactions hold three dimensional structure in place? Which amino acids are involved in these interactions? You should be able to look at two amino acids and determine which kind of interaction would occur between them (see slide 42). What are the major differences between globular ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... • this operon contains genes that code for enzymes associated with breaking down the sugar lactose • in addition the operon contains regulatory elements: the operator and promoter • the presence of lactose affects a repressor protein and causes it to fall off the operator, making it possible for RNA ...
13Johnson
13Johnson

... • this operon contains genes that code for enzymes associated with breaking down the sugar lactose • in addition the operon contains regulatory elements: the operator and promoter • the presence of lactose affects a repressor protein and causes it to fall off the operator, making it possible for RNA ...
chapter 20 lo
chapter 20 lo

... Which types of interactions hold three dimensional structure in place? Which amino acids are involved in these interactions? You should be able to look at two amino acids and determine which kind of interaction would occur between them (see slide 42). What are the major differences between globular ...
Ch 2-- Matter
Ch 2-- Matter

... 4. buffers – weak acids or bases that can react with strong acids or bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH for maintaining homeostasis a. fluids within most body cells must be kept between 6.5-7.5 III. Carbon Compounds  organic chemistry – study of all compounds that contain bonds between ca ...
Classification and Nomenclature of Enzymes
Classification and Nomenclature of Enzymes

Intermediary Metabolism-II SECTION A What are ketogenic amino
Intermediary Metabolism-II SECTION A What are ketogenic amino

... How are water insoluble triacylglycerol and cholesterol transported in the aqueous medium of blood? Expalin fatty acid synthetase enzyme complex components. What is the effect of dietary cholesterol on the cholesterol biosynthesis? When does acetyl CoA enter into ketogenesis? How is lipid stored in ...
Organic Chemistry DEFINE the following Vocabulary: Adhesion
Organic Chemistry DEFINE the following Vocabulary: Adhesion

... Part B: Describe how the structures of proteins differ from the structures of carbohydrates. Part C: Describe how the functions of proteins differ from the functions of carbohydrates ...
Enzymes - flickbio
Enzymes - flickbio

... well as nitrogen, N, and possibly sulfur ...
Ch 3 The Molecules of Cells
Ch 3 The Molecules of Cells

... – Did not succeed BUT managed to transfer genetic material from one bacterial strain to another Oswald Avery (1940s): – DNA-digesting enzymes (NOT protein-digesting) prevented bacterial cells from becoming pathogenic ...
00_BioBackground
00_BioBackground

... • Each protein has a unique sequence of amino acids that is determined by a DNA sequence on the chromosomes. • The proteins enable an organism to build needed structures and to carry ...
Fibers, Proteins and Membranes
Fibers, Proteins and Membranes

... Yeast is a unicellular fungus and thus a life-form. In the absence of oxygen, yeast can extract energy from glucose by the following reaction: C6H12O6 (glucose) →2C2H5OH + 2CO2 Carbon dioxide ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034

... 21. Briefly write the working principle of centrifuge and chromatography. 22. Explain how carbohydrate molecules are classified? 23. Give brief account on different types of gel used in electrophoresis. 24. Write short notes on alkaloids and flavanoids. 25. Give an account of classification of enzym ...
Living things are made up of many different
Living things are made up of many different

8.3 DNA Replication
8.3 DNA Replication

... – Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the message that will be translated to form a protein. – Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms part of ribosomes where proteins are made. ...
CATABOLISM OF PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS1.36 MB
CATABOLISM OF PROTEINS AND AMINO ACIDS1.36 MB

... subsequent NAD+-dependent oxidation of malate in the mitochondrion forms oxaloacetate (malate dehydrogenase) • Each NADH molecule can generate up to 2.5 ATP during mitochondrial respiration, greatly reducing the overall energetic cost of urea synthesis. ...
Organic compounds
Organic compounds

< 1 ... 677 678 679 680 681 682 683 684 685 ... 774 >

Biosynthesis



Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.
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