Chapter 4 Section 4 – The DNA Connection
... •Function: Read by ribosomes during translation; the mRNA provides the instructions for building a protein. ...
... •Function: Read by ribosomes during translation; the mRNA provides the instructions for building a protein. ...
Bio_48_Chapter_2_lecture
... Phospholipids • … are lipids with a phosphate group, which makes them polar. – Major component of cell membranes as a double layer, with hydrophilic phosphates pointing outward on each side and hydrophobic fatty acids and glycerol pointing inward. – As micelles, phospholipids can act as surfactants ...
... Phospholipids • … are lipids with a phosphate group, which makes them polar. – Major component of cell membranes as a double layer, with hydrophilic phosphates pointing outward on each side and hydrophobic fatty acids and glycerol pointing inward. – As micelles, phospholipids can act as surfactants ...
Understanding Our Environment
... DNA consists of a double helix of repeating subunits of 4 kinds of nucleotides. • Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, ...
... DNA consists of a double helix of repeating subunits of 4 kinds of nucleotides. • Nucleotides are composed of a nitrogenous base, ...
Detoxification of ammonia and biosynthesis of urea
... Fumarate formed in urea cycle enters citric acid cycle and is converted to oxaloacetate. Fates of oxaloacetate: (1) transamination to aspartate, ...
... Fumarate formed in urea cycle enters citric acid cycle and is converted to oxaloacetate. Fates of oxaloacetate: (1) transamination to aspartate, ...
PPT File
... Proteins are polymers of amino acids, with each amino acid residues joined to its neighbor by a specific covalent bond. Twenty different amino acids are commonly found in proteins. First: asparagine (1806) ; last: threonine (1938). Names derived from the sources: Asparagine – asparagus Glutamate – w ...
... Proteins are polymers of amino acids, with each amino acid residues joined to its neighbor by a specific covalent bond. Twenty different amino acids are commonly found in proteins. First: asparagine (1806) ; last: threonine (1938). Names derived from the sources: Asparagine – asparagus Glutamate – w ...
Amino Acid composition of vegetables and fruits from
... were estimated from the acid hydrolysis chromatograms by assum ing that the average loss of methionine in unoxidized samples was 52.3% and that of cysteine + cystine was 62.2<'10, according to the data obtained by Kaldly and ...
... were estimated from the acid hydrolysis chromatograms by assum ing that the average loss of methionine in unoxidized samples was 52.3% and that of cysteine + cystine was 62.2<'10, according to the data obtained by Kaldly and ...
are PROTEINS!!!!!!
... 2. Enzymes are not permanently altered or used up in reactions. 3. The same enzyme works for the forward and reverse directions of a reaction. 4 Each enzyme is highly selective about its ...
... 2. Enzymes are not permanently altered or used up in reactions. 3. The same enzyme works for the forward and reverse directions of a reaction. 4 Each enzyme is highly selective about its ...
DNA Replication
... A.1. Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry B.2. Structures and properties of matter C.1.c. Cells store and use information to guide their functions C.1.d. Cell functions are regulated C1. f. Cells can differentiate, and complex multi-cellular organisms are formed as a highly organized arrange ...
... A.1. Abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry B.2. Structures and properties of matter C.1.c. Cells store and use information to guide their functions C.1.d. Cell functions are regulated C1. f. Cells can differentiate, and complex multi-cellular organisms are formed as a highly organized arrange ...
amino acids
... Two notable breakthroughs in the history of biochemistry (1) Discovery of the role of enzymes as catalysts (2) Identification of nucleic acids as information molecules Flow of information: from nucleic acids to proteins DNA ...
... Two notable breakthroughs in the history of biochemistry (1) Discovery of the role of enzymes as catalysts (2) Identification of nucleic acids as information molecules Flow of information: from nucleic acids to proteins DNA ...
File - Ms. Poole`s Biology
... In a eukaryotic cell there are transcription factors (proteins) which help facilitate the attachment of the RNA polymerase. ...
... In a eukaryotic cell there are transcription factors (proteins) which help facilitate the attachment of the RNA polymerase. ...
P - GMC Surat
... Carboxyl group of an amino acid to the 3′-end of t-RNA. Require ATP. Extreme specificity High fidelity of translation of the genetic message. Enzyme also have a “proofreading” or “editing” activity that can remove mischarged amino acids from the enzyme or the t-RNA molecule. ...
... Carboxyl group of an amino acid to the 3′-end of t-RNA. Require ATP. Extreme specificity High fidelity of translation of the genetic message. Enzyme also have a “proofreading” or “editing” activity that can remove mischarged amino acids from the enzyme or the t-RNA molecule. ...
Building Blocks of Life
... Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms ...
... Macromolecules are large molecules composed of thousands of covalently connected atoms ...
Tertiary Structure
... Polar – charged (basic), hydrophilic. Located on the surface. May be involved in catalysis or metal binding. ...
... Polar – charged (basic), hydrophilic. Located on the surface. May be involved in catalysis or metal binding. ...
2401-Ch3.pdf
... Cotransport -the two can be moving in the same direction also called Symport (directional word) Countertransport – the two ions move in opposite direction also called Antiport (directional word) Must function through a transport protein ...
... Cotransport -the two can be moving in the same direction also called Symport (directional word) Countertransport – the two ions move in opposite direction also called Antiport (directional word) Must function through a transport protein ...
Macromolecules Notes
... Figure 2. Steps in the protein folding demonstration. Each circle represents an amino acid. The symbols used within the circles indicate the grouping to which the amino belongs: n, nonpolar; p, polar; -, acidic; +, basic; S, sulfur containing cysteine. (a) Primary structure of the polypeptide. (b) C ...
... Figure 2. Steps in the protein folding demonstration. Each circle represents an amino acid. The symbols used within the circles indicate the grouping to which the amino belongs: n, nonpolar; p, polar; -, acidic; +, basic; S, sulfur containing cysteine. (a) Primary structure of the polypeptide. (b) C ...
RNA - Universitas Esa Unggul
... RNA nucleotides contain ribose sugar RNA has the base uracil presence of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar. RNA is usually singlestranded ...
... RNA nucleotides contain ribose sugar RNA has the base uracil presence of a hydroxyl group at the 2' position of the ribose sugar. RNA is usually singlestranded ...
BDS Ist YEAR EXAMINATION 2008-09
... The patient responded to the treatment by the drugallopurinol. What is the diagnosis of the disease? Discuss the clinical interpretation of data and mechanism of action of the drug allopuinol. ...
... The patient responded to the treatment by the drugallopurinol. What is the diagnosis of the disease? Discuss the clinical interpretation of data and mechanism of action of the drug allopuinol. ...
Enzymes
... Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space All matter is made up of units called atoms Atoms are the smallest parts of matter ...
... Matter: anything that has mass and takes up space All matter is made up of units called atoms Atoms are the smallest parts of matter ...
chapter 5 the structure and function of macromolecules
... • Amino acids consist of four components attached to a central carbon, the alpha carbon. • These components include a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group (or side chain). – Differences in R groups produce the 20 different ...
... • Amino acids consist of four components attached to a central carbon, the alpha carbon. • These components include a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, an amino group, and a variable R group (or side chain). – Differences in R groups produce the 20 different ...
An overview of biochemistry for bioCHEM480
... molecules). Other types of enzyme activity 'fine' regulation are allosterism and hormone-controlled covalent modification by phosphorylation (requiring ‘kinases’) and dephosphorylation (requiring ‘phosphatases’).These enzymes can be regulated as well in ‘enzyme cascades’. Flux in biochemical pathway ...
... molecules). Other types of enzyme activity 'fine' regulation are allosterism and hormone-controlled covalent modification by phosphorylation (requiring ‘kinases’) and dephosphorylation (requiring ‘phosphatases’).These enzymes can be regulated as well in ‘enzyme cascades’. Flux in biochemical pathway ...
The Central Dogma of Genetics
... • RNAs can have complex 3D structures • They can store genetic information • Some RNAs known as ribozymes can catalyze reactions • Thus it has been hypothesized that life may have arisen first through ...
... • RNAs can have complex 3D structures • They can store genetic information • Some RNAs known as ribozymes can catalyze reactions • Thus it has been hypothesized that life may have arisen first through ...
biology – semester 2 study guide
... What is evolution and what types of evidence show that it has occurred? The theory of evolution by natural selection requires genetic variation; more “fit” organisms are more successful at breeding and raising offspring. Charles Darwin developed this theory based on his travels and studies especiall ...
... What is evolution and what types of evidence show that it has occurred? The theory of evolution by natural selection requires genetic variation; more “fit” organisms are more successful at breeding and raising offspring. Charles Darwin developed this theory based on his travels and studies especiall ...
metabolism of lipids
... An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats into glycerol and fatty acids y Facilitate nutrient absorption from the external medium y In pathogenic microbes, it may promote invasion of a new host y ...
... An enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats into glycerol and fatty acids y Facilitate nutrient absorption from the external medium y In pathogenic microbes, it may promote invasion of a new host y ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.