Macromolecules
... Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Only 40-50 common monomers are used to construct macromolecules New properties emerge when these are arranged in different orders ...
... Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic acids Only 40-50 common monomers are used to construct macromolecules New properties emerge when these are arranged in different orders ...
The DNA of microorganisms is made up of subunits called A
... A. they are always detrimental to the organism they occur in. B. they occur in the DNA. C. if not repaired, they become part of the gene pool. D. they may lead to an incorrect protein being made. E. they can create variants in a population. ...
... A. they are always detrimental to the organism they occur in. B. they occur in the DNA. C. if not repaired, they become part of the gene pool. D. they may lead to an incorrect protein being made. E. they can create variants in a population. ...
Physical Properties - Winthrop Chemistry, Physics, and Geology
... • Held together by hydrogen bonds running parallel to the helical axis • The carboxyl group of one amino acid is H-bonded to an amino-group hydrogen 4 residues down the chain • For every turn of the helix, there are 3.6 amino acid residues • The pitch (gap between residues above and below the gap be ...
... • Held together by hydrogen bonds running parallel to the helical axis • The carboxyl group of one amino acid is H-bonded to an amino-group hydrogen 4 residues down the chain • For every turn of the helix, there are 3.6 amino acid residues • The pitch (gap between residues above and below the gap be ...
Document
... to form an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). • The RISC pairs with a mRNA molecule that possesses a sequence complementary to its siRNA or miRNA component and either: - cleaves the mRNA (leading to degradation or mRNA) or - represses translation of the mRNA ...
... to form an RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). • The RISC pairs with a mRNA molecule that possesses a sequence complementary to its siRNA or miRNA component and either: - cleaves the mRNA (leading to degradation or mRNA) or - represses translation of the mRNA ...
THE CHEMISTRY OF LIFE
... Can bond with up to 4 other atoms or compounds Can bond to other carbon atoms in chains and rings to form large complex molecules Can form single, double, or triple bonds (single bond – shares 1 electron, double – shares 2 electrons, etc.) ...
... Can bond with up to 4 other atoms or compounds Can bond to other carbon atoms in chains and rings to form large complex molecules Can form single, double, or triple bonds (single bond – shares 1 electron, double – shares 2 electrons, etc.) ...
Macromolecules and Membranes
... • Continuing the theme of polymerization of molecules: until now we have talked a lot about proteins, which are polymers of amino acids. • In this lecture we will talk about two more biologically important polymers: o Nucleic acids, polymers of of bases (nucleic acids) o polymers of lipids that form ...
... • Continuing the theme of polymerization of molecules: until now we have talked a lot about proteins, which are polymers of amino acids. • In this lecture we will talk about two more biologically important polymers: o Nucleic acids, polymers of of bases (nucleic acids) o polymers of lipids that form ...
File - Mr. Shanks` Class
... Any fatty acids that___________________ can not make from ______________ fatty acids are called essential fatty acids. Why are essential fatty acids so important in the human diet? Without these fatty acids, people may have ____________________ an in extreme cases, ________________________________. ...
... Any fatty acids that___________________ can not make from ______________ fatty acids are called essential fatty acids. Why are essential fatty acids so important in the human diet? Without these fatty acids, people may have ____________________ an in extreme cases, ________________________________. ...
Enzymes are proteins which control biochemical reactions in cells
... o Chemical permanently binds to the enzyme or massively denatures the enzyme o Nerve gas permanently blocks pathways involved in nerve message transmission, resulting in death o Penicillin, the first of "wonder drug" antibiotics, permanently blocks pathways certain bacteria use to assemble their cel ...
... o Chemical permanently binds to the enzyme or massively denatures the enzyme o Nerve gas permanently blocks pathways involved in nerve message transmission, resulting in death o Penicillin, the first of "wonder drug" antibiotics, permanently blocks pathways certain bacteria use to assemble their cel ...
hydroxyproline
... dentin and cementum (see note #1 below). 1. Hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine are nonstandard amino acids that are present in Notes few other proteins. For this reason, their concentration in a particular tissue is a good estimate of the collagen content as well. They are not used directly in the rea ...
... dentin and cementum (see note #1 below). 1. Hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine are nonstandard amino acids that are present in Notes few other proteins. For this reason, their concentration in a particular tissue is a good estimate of the collagen content as well. They are not used directly in the rea ...
2401_Ch3_Handouts.pdf
... Cotransport -the two can be moving in the same direction also called Symport (directional word) Countertransport – the two ions move in opposite direction also called Antiport (directional word) Must function through a transport protein ...
... Cotransport -the two can be moving in the same direction also called Symport (directional word) Countertransport – the two ions move in opposite direction also called Antiport (directional word) Must function through a transport protein ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... 11. How a Myocardial Infarction becomes fatal in a patient suffering from Ischemic Heart Disease? 12. Give an overview of carbohydrate metabolism with reference to its biomedical importance. 13. Discuss the biological role of phospholipids. Add a note on the functions of cholesterol. 14. What are th ...
... 11. How a Myocardial Infarction becomes fatal in a patient suffering from Ischemic Heart Disease? 12. Give an overview of carbohydrate metabolism with reference to its biomedical importance. 13. Discuss the biological role of phospholipids. Add a note on the functions of cholesterol. 14. What are th ...
Human Physiology
... • Fats and oils are made from two kinds of molecules: • glycerol (a type of alcohol with a hydroxyl group on each of its three carbons) and • three fatty acids joined by dehydration synthesis ...
... • Fats and oils are made from two kinds of molecules: • glycerol (a type of alcohol with a hydroxyl group on each of its three carbons) and • three fatty acids joined by dehydration synthesis ...
Chemistry in Living Things - Mercer Island School District
... Synthesis (Building) of Polymers: Dehydration (or Condensation) Reactions Many polymers are built by reactions called dehydration (or condensation) reactions. An OH group from one subunit is linked with a H on the other subunit, _____________ . The subunits are linked covalently together. Animation ...
... Synthesis (Building) of Polymers: Dehydration (or Condensation) Reactions Many polymers are built by reactions called dehydration (or condensation) reactions. An OH group from one subunit is linked with a H on the other subunit, _____________ . The subunits are linked covalently together. Animation ...
Concept 3.4: Lipids are a diverse group of hydrophobic
... • The unifying feature of lipids is having little or no affinity for water • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lipids are fats, phospholipids, and steroids © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
... • The unifying feature of lipids is having little or no affinity for water • Lipids are hydrophobic because they consist mostly of hydrocarbons, which form nonpolar covalent bonds • The most biologically important lipids are fats, phospholipids, and steroids © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
Origin of Life
... of the Earth consisted of ammonia(NH3), Hydrogen gas(H2), water vapor(H2O) and compounds made of carbon and hydrogen like methane(CH4). Later was the formation of carbon dioxide(CO2) and nitrogen gas(N2). • These gases may have come together to form amino acids and macromolecules, the basic building ...
... of the Earth consisted of ammonia(NH3), Hydrogen gas(H2), water vapor(H2O) and compounds made of carbon and hydrogen like methane(CH4). Later was the formation of carbon dioxide(CO2) and nitrogen gas(N2). • These gases may have come together to form amino acids and macromolecules, the basic building ...
HS-LS1-1 Protein Synthesis Practice.docx
... UGA,UAA, UAG. They tell us when the mRNA is done being transcribed from DNA. 7. What is the start codon? What does this mean? Be specific. AUG is the start codon. This tells the RNA polymerase when to start adding nucleotides to build the mRNA molecule to pair with the complementary strand of DNA. 8 ...
... UGA,UAA, UAG. They tell us when the mRNA is done being transcribed from DNA. 7. What is the start codon? What does this mean? Be specific. AUG is the start codon. This tells the RNA polymerase when to start adding nucleotides to build the mRNA molecule to pair with the complementary strand of DNA. 8 ...
1 Review I: Protein Structure Amino Acids Amino Acids (contd
... Repetitive secondary structure 3.6 residues per turn; pitch (rise per turn) = 5.4 Å C′=O of i forms H bonds with NH of residue i+4 Intra-strand H bonding C′=O groups are parallel to the axis; side chains point away from the axis All NH and C′O are H-bonded, except first NH and last C′O ...
... Repetitive secondary structure 3.6 residues per turn; pitch (rise per turn) = 5.4 Å C′=O of i forms H bonds with NH of residue i+4 Intra-strand H bonding C′=O groups are parallel to the axis; side chains point away from the axis All NH and C′O are H-bonded, except first NH and last C′O ...
Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called biogenesis or anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms. In biosynthesis, simple compounds are modified, converted into other compounds, or joined together to form macromolecules. This process often consists of metabolic pathways. Some of these biosynthetic pathways are located within a single cellular organelle, while others involve enzymes that are located within multiple cellular organelles. Examples of these biosynthetic pathways include the production of lipid membrane components and nucleotides.The prerequisite elements for biosynthesis include: precursor compounds, chemical energy (e.g. ATP), and catalytic enzymes which may require coenzymes (e.g.NADH, NADPH). These elements create monomers, the building blocks for macromolecules. Some important biological macromolecules include: proteins, which are composed of amino acid monomers joined via peptide bonds, and DNA molecules, which are composed of nucleotides joined via phosphodiester bonds.