chapter3_Sections 1
... • A group of atoms bonded to a carbon of an organic compound • Gives a specific chemical property such as polarity or acidity. The following table gives examples of functional groups. One example is a phosphate group, found on DNA and the energy molecule, ATP. ...
... • A group of atoms bonded to a carbon of an organic compound • Gives a specific chemical property such as polarity or acidity. The following table gives examples of functional groups. One example is a phosphate group, found on DNA and the energy molecule, ATP. ...
Biological Catalysts
... The diagram above shows the different levels a protein molecule is made up of, finishing off with a globular structure. First comes the primary structure made up of a sequence of amino acids joined together, followed by the secondary structure where the amino acid chains are bonded by Hydrogen bond ...
... The diagram above shows the different levels a protein molecule is made up of, finishing off with a globular structure. First comes the primary structure made up of a sequence of amino acids joined together, followed by the secondary structure where the amino acid chains are bonded by Hydrogen bond ...
Respiration - Biology Innovation
... Respiration Respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place with in the cells of organisms. It stores biochemical energy within adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules. There are two types of respiration, aerobic and anaerobic. Respiration is also the process of making ATP r ...
... Respiration Respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place with in the cells of organisms. It stores biochemical energy within adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules. There are two types of respiration, aerobic and anaerobic. Respiration is also the process of making ATP r ...
Vocabulary “Inside the Cell”, Chapters 1 and 2
... cell. The cell membrane wraps around the nutrient, then “pinches off” and forms a vesicle inside the cell. ...
... cell. The cell membrane wraps around the nutrient, then “pinches off” and forms a vesicle inside the cell. ...
Biochemistry…
... The enzyme brings molecules close together so that they can react with one another The bonds inside the substrate are stretched slightly out of position, which weakens the bonds The reaction takes place and the product is released from the enzyme Less ...
... The enzyme brings molecules close together so that they can react with one another The bonds inside the substrate are stretched slightly out of position, which weakens the bonds The reaction takes place and the product is released from the enzyme Less ...
Biological Molecules continued
... molecule, and also is likely to weaken the molecule’s bonds and therefore make it more reactive. Enzymes are unchanged after the reaction, therefore they can be used many times over, it are also what releases the products of the reaction. ...
... molecule, and also is likely to weaken the molecule’s bonds and therefore make it more reactive. Enzymes are unchanged after the reaction, therefore they can be used many times over, it are also what releases the products of the reaction. ...
Name: _____Suggested answers______ Class: ______ ( ) Date
... Differentiate between aliphatic (open carbon chains) and aromatic (benzene rings); acidic and basic 3. Depends on side chain 4. High electronegativity of O or N attached covalently to H 5. Central carbon atom in amino acid/first carbon after carbon attached to functional ...
... Differentiate between aliphatic (open carbon chains) and aromatic (benzene rings); acidic and basic 3. Depends on side chain 4. High electronegativity of O or N attached covalently to H 5. Central carbon atom in amino acid/first carbon after carbon attached to functional ...
chapter 24
... Used as energy when blood glucose is low and glycogen stores are depleted Fat mobilization: triacylglycerols in the adipose tissue are broken down to fatty acids and glycerol In the next sets of slides, we’ll learn how the glycerol and the fatty acids get processed once they’re broken apart Activate ...
... Used as energy when blood glucose is low and glycogen stores are depleted Fat mobilization: triacylglycerols in the adipose tissue are broken down to fatty acids and glycerol In the next sets of slides, we’ll learn how the glycerol and the fatty acids get processed once they’re broken apart Activate ...
Chemical Basis of Life Introduction Atomic Structure Atomic
... The difference in life between organisms is the arrangement of amino acids ...
... The difference in life between organisms is the arrangement of amino acids ...
Chapter 8-10 Review - Akron Central Schools
... from spinach leaves and used a syringe partially filled with water to pull the gases from the leaf disks so that all leaf disks sunk to the bottom of the syringe. Ten (10) leaf disks from the syringe were placed in each of four cups and covered with 50 ml of the solutions as indicated below. All lea ...
... from spinach leaves and used a syringe partially filled with water to pull the gases from the leaf disks so that all leaf disks sunk to the bottom of the syringe. Ten (10) leaf disks from the syringe were placed in each of four cups and covered with 50 ml of the solutions as indicated below. All lea ...
14) Which of the following is a major cause of the size limits for
... maximum number of ATP molecules that could be made through substrate-level phosphorylation (one time through)? A) 1 B) 2 C) 11 D) 12 E) 24 ...
... maximum number of ATP molecules that could be made through substrate-level phosphorylation (one time through)? A) 1 B) 2 C) 11 D) 12 E) 24 ...
Physiology is an Integrated Science
... a cell can perform a specific chemical reaction only if it has the appropriate enzyme for that reaction. enzyme properties name = _________ase increase the rate of reaction specific for one reaction – due to their specific shape 3D active site a cell’s functions are based on its “active” enzymes enz ...
... a cell can perform a specific chemical reaction only if it has the appropriate enzyme for that reaction. enzyme properties name = _________ase increase the rate of reaction specific for one reaction – due to their specific shape 3D active site a cell’s functions are based on its “active” enzymes enz ...
Molecules of Life
... • Characteristics of water: • Dipole moment –> dissolves salts and small organic molecules • Hydrogen bonding –> wide temperature range of liquid water • Ice has a lower density than water ...
... • Characteristics of water: • Dipole moment –> dissolves salts and small organic molecules • Hydrogen bonding –> wide temperature range of liquid water • Ice has a lower density than water ...
Proteins
... How large are most proteins? __larger than 50 amino acids but typically hundreds of amino acids long ...
... How large are most proteins? __larger than 50 amino acids but typically hundreds of amino acids long ...
Cellular Respiration
... – Producers convert light into chemical energy (glucose bonds) – Consumers eat/break bonds to release energy ...
... – Producers convert light into chemical energy (glucose bonds) – Consumers eat/break bonds to release energy ...
Slides - gserianne.com
... Factors that alter activity of enzymes • heat • radiation • substrate concentration • required cofactors • changes in pH ...
... Factors that alter activity of enzymes • heat • radiation • substrate concentration • required cofactors • changes in pH ...
Chemical Basis of Life
... Monomers: small repeating units Universal, similar in all forms of life Polymers: chains of monomers, functional components of ...
... Monomers: small repeating units Universal, similar in all forms of life Polymers: chains of monomers, functional components of ...
Glossary Protein
... fatty acid oxidation the metabolic breakdown of fatty acids to acetyl CoA; also called beta oxidation. fuel compounds that cells can use for energy. glycolysis the metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate. keto acid an organic acid that contains a carbonyl group (C=O). lactate a 3-carbon compound ...
... fatty acid oxidation the metabolic breakdown of fatty acids to acetyl CoA; also called beta oxidation. fuel compounds that cells can use for energy. glycolysis the metabolic breakdown of glucose to pyruvate. keto acid an organic acid that contains a carbonyl group (C=O). lactate a 3-carbon compound ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.