Journal of Experimental Botany
... 1996). The fruit contains two peel tissues, flavedo and albedo. The flavedo accumulates pigments and compounds which contribute to the fruit aroma, while the albedo comprises spongy cells rich in pectin. During the early stages of fruit development the albedo occupies most of the fruit volume and it ...
... 1996). The fruit contains two peel tissues, flavedo and albedo. The flavedo accumulates pigments and compounds which contribute to the fruit aroma, while the albedo comprises spongy cells rich in pectin. During the early stages of fruit development the albedo occupies most of the fruit volume and it ...
Chemistry
... inorganic chemistry. Prerequisite: 325. Offered alternate years. Che 325. Analytical Chemistry I. Chromatography and spectrophotometric methods of analysis, including GC, LC, HPLC, UV-VIS, IR, NMR. Prerequisite: 222. Che 326. Analytical Chemistry II. Classical and electrochemical methods of analysis ...
... inorganic chemistry. Prerequisite: 325. Offered alternate years. Che 325. Analytical Chemistry I. Chromatography and spectrophotometric methods of analysis, including GC, LC, HPLC, UV-VIS, IR, NMR. Prerequisite: 222. Che 326. Analytical Chemistry II. Classical and electrochemical methods of analysis ...
Malate Dehydrogenase
... number of charged residues. There are 41 basis residues (31 lysines + 10 arginines) and 43 acidic residues (25 aspartates + 18 glutamates) in cMDH. In mMDH there are 25 lysines and 8 arginines for total of 33 basic residues, and 13 aspartates and 16 glutamates for a total of 29 acidic groups (Birkto ...
... number of charged residues. There are 41 basis residues (31 lysines + 10 arginines) and 43 acidic residues (25 aspartates + 18 glutamates) in cMDH. In mMDH there are 25 lysines and 8 arginines for total of 33 basic residues, and 13 aspartates and 16 glutamates for a total of 29 acidic groups (Birkto ...
Glycogen Metabolism by Dr Tarek File
... Glycogen • Glycogen is the main storage form of carbohydrates in animals. It is present mainly in liver and muscle. • In the liver, glycogen can compose up to 8% of the fresh weight (100–120 g in an adult) soon after a meal. Only the glycogen stored in the liver can be made accessible to other orga ...
... Glycogen • Glycogen is the main storage form of carbohydrates in animals. It is present mainly in liver and muscle. • In the liver, glycogen can compose up to 8% of the fresh weight (100–120 g in an adult) soon after a meal. Only the glycogen stored in the liver can be made accessible to other orga ...
Farnesyl diphosphate synthase, the target for nitrogen
... diphosphate). FDP is mainly used for biosynthesis of sterols but it may also be used, either directly or after conversion into geranylgeranyl diphosphate, for protein prenylation [1]. The mevalonate pathway also provides precursors for synthesis of dolichol, the isoprenoid side-chain of ubiquinone, ...
... diphosphate). FDP is mainly used for biosynthesis of sterols but it may also be used, either directly or after conversion into geranylgeranyl diphosphate, for protein prenylation [1]. The mevalonate pathway also provides precursors for synthesis of dolichol, the isoprenoid side-chain of ubiquinone, ...
Section 4.8
... results from the combustion of fossil fuels. • This is the balanced equation for the combustion of octane (gasoline) • 2 C8H18 (l) + 25 O2 (g) → 16 CO2 (g) + 18 H2O (g) ...
... results from the combustion of fossil fuels. • This is the balanced equation for the combustion of octane (gasoline) • 2 C8H18 (l) + 25 O2 (g) → 16 CO2 (g) + 18 H2O (g) ...
Powerpoint - Master Brewers Association
... • The uptake of wort sugars is an important property of brewer’s yeast strains. • The formation of esters and diacetyl by yeast significantly contributes to beer flavour. • Yeast species such as Brettanomyces and yeast strains producing 4-vinyl guaiacol are important cultures in the production of ...
... • The uptake of wort sugars is an important property of brewer’s yeast strains. • The formation of esters and diacetyl by yeast significantly contributes to beer flavour. • Yeast species such as Brettanomyces and yeast strains producing 4-vinyl guaiacol are important cultures in the production of ...
Visualization of ATP levels inside single living cells with
... phosphorylation, revealing that glycolysis is the major ATP-generating pathway of the cells grown in glucose-rich medium. This was also confirmed by an experiment using oligomycin A, an inhibitor of FoF1-ATP synthase. In addition, it was demonstrated that HeLa cells change ATP-generating pathway in ...
... phosphorylation, revealing that glycolysis is the major ATP-generating pathway of the cells grown in glucose-rich medium. This was also confirmed by an experiment using oligomycin A, an inhibitor of FoF1-ATP synthase. In addition, it was demonstrated that HeLa cells change ATP-generating pathway in ...
Amino Acids, Proteins, and Enzymes
... Enzyme Cofactors A simple enzyme is an active enzyme that consists only of protein. Many enzymes are active only when they combine with cofactors such as metal ions or small molecules. A coenzyme is a cofactor that is a small organic molecule such as a vitamin. ...
... Enzyme Cofactors A simple enzyme is an active enzyme that consists only of protein. Many enzymes are active only when they combine with cofactors such as metal ions or small molecules. A coenzyme is a cofactor that is a small organic molecule such as a vitamin. ...
Full-Text PDF
... information, together with the construction of metabolic models [5–7], is useful for both understanding the basic metabolism of cyanobacteria and achieving higher level of metabolic redirection and control. PCC 7942 and PCC 6803 are freshwater cyanobacteria, while PCC 7002 is a marine species with t ...
... information, together with the construction of metabolic models [5–7], is useful for both understanding the basic metabolism of cyanobacteria and achieving higher level of metabolic redirection and control. PCC 7942 and PCC 6803 are freshwater cyanobacteria, while PCC 7002 is a marine species with t ...
KHARKIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
... the outer and inner membranes. The inner membrane is folded into numerous cristae and encloses the matrix space. The essential energy-generating process in mitochondria is oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The essential energy-generating process in mitochondria is oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS ...
... the outer and inner membranes. The inner membrane is folded into numerous cristae and encloses the matrix space. The essential energy-generating process in mitochondria is oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The essential energy-generating process in mitochondria is oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS ...
Caffeoylquinic acids as inhibitors for HIV-I protease and HIV
... CQAs were docked to the active site region of HIV-I integrase described by Sotriffer & McCammon (19) the affinity of all CQAs is quite low (from -5.7 to -5.2 kcal/mol – data not shown). It is clear that naturally occurring CQAs are poor inhibitors of HIV-I protease and this is likely due the fact t ...
... CQAs were docked to the active site region of HIV-I integrase described by Sotriffer & McCammon (19) the affinity of all CQAs is quite low (from -5.7 to -5.2 kcal/mol – data not shown). It is clear that naturally occurring CQAs are poor inhibitors of HIV-I protease and this is likely due the fact t ...
kbook or W METABOLIC DISEASE
... these essential nutrients in more detail. You may already be able to list some food sources rich in these nutrients, in this course we will also explore the functions of nutrients in the body and how much of each nutrient you need to keep your body running smoothly. In addition to maintaining specif ...
... these essential nutrients in more detail. You may already be able to list some food sources rich in these nutrients, in this course we will also explore the functions of nutrients in the body and how much of each nutrient you need to keep your body running smoothly. In addition to maintaining specif ...
Kinetic mechanism of the dimeric ATP sulfurylase from plants
... Cite this article as: Ravilious, G.E., Herrmann, J., Lee, S.G., Westfall, C.S. and Jez, J.M. (2013) Kinetic mechanism of the dimeric ATP sulfurylase from plants. Biosci. Rep. 33(4), art:e00053.doi:10.1042/BSR20130073 ...
... Cite this article as: Ravilious, G.E., Herrmann, J., Lee, S.G., Westfall, C.S. and Jez, J.M. (2013) Kinetic mechanism of the dimeric ATP sulfurylase from plants. Biosci. Rep. 33(4), art:e00053.doi:10.1042/BSR20130073 ...
Determination of protein regions responsible for interactions of
... to identify the possible regions responsible for the amelogenin– LAMP1 interaction. We cloned the amelogenin cDNA fragments corresponding to exons 3 and 5 (amino acids 3–33) or the amino acids corresponding to exon 6D (residues 155–179) into the ‘bait’ vector (pGBKT7). We cloned the human LAMP1 cDNA ...
... to identify the possible regions responsible for the amelogenin– LAMP1 interaction. We cloned the amelogenin cDNA fragments corresponding to exons 3 and 5 (amino acids 3–33) or the amino acids corresponding to exon 6D (residues 155–179) into the ‘bait’ vector (pGBKT7). We cloned the human LAMP1 cDNA ...
Maintaining Ideal Yeast Health: Nutrients Yeast Need
... of valine/isoleucine (and thus α- acetolactate vital cell that is enhancing diacetyl uptake and reduction? and diacetyl production)? ...
... of valine/isoleucine (and thus α- acetolactate vital cell that is enhancing diacetyl uptake and reduction? and diacetyl production)? ...
... Lys and Arg. However, the exact mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated in any of these species. Both amino acids share and compete for intestinal and renal transporters; however, there is no evidence that their antagonism is due to this competition (BALNAVE; BRAKE, 2002). The Arg:Lys antagonism ...
Multiomics of tomato glandular trichomes reveals
... metabolites are involved in photosynthetic carbon fixation and in starch biosynthesis, which appear to be less active in trichomes than in leaves. Besides this, trichomes of LA1777 and LA4024 accumulated large amounts of inositol polyphosphates (IP5 and IP6) which were not detected in the leaves ...
... metabolites are involved in photosynthetic carbon fixation and in starch biosynthesis, which appear to be less active in trichomes than in leaves. Besides this, trichomes of LA1777 and LA4024 accumulated large amounts of inositol polyphosphates (IP5 and IP6) which were not detected in the leaves ...
Doctorial Thesis Regulation of Branched
... Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid and plays a key role in protein synthesis through mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Recently, it has been reported that an oral administration of leucine has been revealed to influence the plasma concentrations of other amino acids not only isole ...
... Leucine is an essential branched-chain amino acid and plays a key role in protein synthesis through mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Recently, it has been reported that an oral administration of leucine has been revealed to influence the plasma concentrations of other amino acids not only isole ...
... generated from the polyk mRNA of this tumor (Fig. 3E). These observations indicated that the two classes of clones corresponded to the transcripts coding for the most basic and the most acidic 29-kDa proteins. For the first group of hepatocellular carcinoma cDNA clones, sequence information was obta ...
Unraveling Biochemical Pathways Affected by Mitochondrial
... acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate (ketone bodies) in ketogenic tissues [3]. These enzymatic reactions are detailed in Figure 1. During starvation, the peripheral tissues will be able to import these ketone bodies into mitochondria once released into the blood stream, where they will be degraded int ...
... acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate (ketone bodies) in ketogenic tissues [3]. These enzymatic reactions are detailed in Figure 1. During starvation, the peripheral tissues will be able to import these ketone bodies into mitochondria once released into the blood stream, where they will be degraded int ...
View - BioOne
... Jianying Shen, Antonio DiTommaso, Mingquan Shen, Wei Lu, and Zhengming Li* Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are vital photosynthetic microorganisms that contribute to soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and are also important for maintaining ecosystem stability. These microorganisms can be ve ...
... Jianying Shen, Antonio DiTommaso, Mingquan Shen, Wei Lu, and Zhengming Li* Nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria are vital photosynthetic microorganisms that contribute to soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen and are also important for maintaining ecosystem stability. These microorganisms can be ve ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.