Acidaminococcus fermentans
... found in mammals‘ digestive track. The NAD -dependent (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate Dehydrogenase (HGDH) catalyses the second step in the glutamate fermentation via hydroxyglutarate, converting α-ketoglutarate to (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate. HGDH belongs to the D-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases family. Th ...
... found in mammals‘ digestive track. The NAD -dependent (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate Dehydrogenase (HGDH) catalyses the second step in the glutamate fermentation via hydroxyglutarate, converting α-ketoglutarate to (R)-2-hydroxyglutarate. HGDH belongs to the D-specific 2-hydroxyacid dehydrogenases family. Th ...
View/Open - Oregon State University
... leucines every seven residues in a protein. The leucines interact with similarly spaced leucines (hydrophobic interactions) in another protein. A third common structural feature of DNA binding proteins is called Helixturn-Helix. 2. Splicing is a process that occurs in eukaryotic cells only in which ...
... leucines every seven residues in a protein. The leucines interact with similarly spaced leucines (hydrophobic interactions) in another protein. A third common structural feature of DNA binding proteins is called Helixturn-Helix. 2. Splicing is a process that occurs in eukaryotic cells only in which ...
Flexibility in energy metabolism supports hypoxia tolerance in
... • Concentrations measured by targeted profiling (Chenomx): peak identification, alignment, subtraction • Lower confidence group due to spectra overlap ...
... • Concentrations measured by targeted profiling (Chenomx): peak identification, alignment, subtraction • Lower confidence group due to spectra overlap ...
Cell respiration -2
... Substrate-level phosphorylation. Phosphate group is transferred from an organic molecule (the substrate) to ADP, forming 10% ATP (4 ATP). ...
... Substrate-level phosphorylation. Phosphate group is transferred from an organic molecule (the substrate) to ADP, forming 10% ATP (4 ATP). ...
Benefits of BEMER 3000 for Professional and Recreational Athletes
... Prevention of long-term injury effects: Long term disabilities due to sport injuries are the result of irreversible changes caused by repeated tissue damage. Through quick and complete regeneration of damaged tissue, sport related disabilities and chronic conditions can largely be prevented. BEMER i ...
... Prevention of long-term injury effects: Long term disabilities due to sport injuries are the result of irreversible changes caused by repeated tissue damage. Through quick and complete regeneration of damaged tissue, sport related disabilities and chronic conditions can largely be prevented. BEMER i ...
Bacterial Cell Structure (continued)
... and lots of proteins. • DNA = nucleoid, w/ proteins • Plasmids = small circular DNA • Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis. Cytoplasm may also contain inclusions, gas vacuoles, extended membrane systems, or magnetosomes. But generally NO membrane-bound organelles. ...
... and lots of proteins. • DNA = nucleoid, w/ proteins • Plasmids = small circular DNA • Ribosomes: site of protein synthesis. Cytoplasm may also contain inclusions, gas vacuoles, extended membrane systems, or magnetosomes. But generally NO membrane-bound organelles. ...
(C) A glucose reserve - Ms. Ottolini`s Biology Wiki!
... temperature than the rate at 330 ppm CO2. (C) There is no theoretical maximum for the rate of photosynthesis. (D) Attempts to increase the photosynthetic yield in field crops should involve the lowering of CO2 levels. 7. Which of the following seems most likely from the data? (A) Light produces heat ...
... temperature than the rate at 330 ppm CO2. (C) There is no theoretical maximum for the rate of photosynthesis. (D) Attempts to increase the photosynthetic yield in field crops should involve the lowering of CO2 levels. 7. Which of the following seems most likely from the data? (A) Light produces heat ...
Toxicology I
... Putting It All Together • Cells have to have energy to stay alive. • Cells get energy by breaking down glucose in two phases: glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle. • Glycolysis yields 2 ATP and pyruvate. • Pyruvate is changed to acetate (acetyl-CoA) and sent to the Krebs Cycle. • The Krebs Cycle strips h ...
... Putting It All Together • Cells have to have energy to stay alive. • Cells get energy by breaking down glucose in two phases: glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle. • Glycolysis yields 2 ATP and pyruvate. • Pyruvate is changed to acetate (acetyl-CoA) and sent to the Krebs Cycle. • The Krebs Cycle strips h ...
Class Notes
... ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ○ Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. The chemical mechanisms that cells use to mak ...
... ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ○ Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. The chemical mechanisms that cells use to mak ...
Lecture outline handouts
... ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ○ Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. • The chemical mechanisms that cells use to mak ...
... ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ○ Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. • The chemical mechanisms that cells use to mak ...
File
... ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ○ Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. The chemical mechanisms that cells use to mak ...
... ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ○ Some of the molecules that serve as monomers have other functions of their own. The chemical mechanisms that cells use to mak ...
Chapter 11: DNA and Genes
... In the nucleus, enzymes make an RNA copy of a portion of a DNA strand by this process. Forms a single-stranded RNA molecule rather than a double-stranded DNA molecule. Page 296, Figure 11.6 has a diagram and step-bystep information for this process. http://www.dnalc.org/view/15510-TranscriptionDNA-c ...
... In the nucleus, enzymes make an RNA copy of a portion of a DNA strand by this process. Forms a single-stranded RNA molecule rather than a double-stranded DNA molecule. Page 296, Figure 11.6 has a diagram and step-bystep information for this process. http://www.dnalc.org/view/15510-TranscriptionDNA-c ...
PIG - enzymes
... • Fits into site on enzyme away from the active site • Attaches to tertiary structure of enzyme • Changes shape of the active site • Substrate can no longer bind with active site • Permanent ...
... • Fits into site on enzyme away from the active site • Attaches to tertiary structure of enzyme • Changes shape of the active site • Substrate can no longer bind with active site • Permanent ...
Functions of proteins
... sequence affects secondary and tertiary structure. if the sequence of a polypeptide molecule is incorrect the protein will not function (example: Insulin consists of 51 amino acids. If even ONE of those amino acids is substituted for a different one, the protein shape may be altered and the protei ...
... sequence affects secondary and tertiary structure. if the sequence of a polypeptide molecule is incorrect the protein will not function (example: Insulin consists of 51 amino acids. If even ONE of those amino acids is substituted for a different one, the protein shape may be altered and the protei ...
Carbohydrate
... series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions to yield two molecules of the three-carbon compound pyruvate . During the sequential reactions of glycolysis, some of the free energy released from glucose is conserved in the form of ATP and NADH. ...
... series of enzyme-catalyzed reactions to yield two molecules of the three-carbon compound pyruvate . During the sequential reactions of glycolysis, some of the free energy released from glucose is conserved in the form of ATP and NADH. ...
Amino Acids
... When you ingest a protein your body breaks it down into the individual aminos, reorders them, re-folds them, and turns them into whatever is needed by the body at that time. From only 20 amino acids, the body is able to make thousands of unique proteins with different functions. ...
... When you ingest a protein your body breaks it down into the individual aminos, reorders them, re-folds them, and turns them into whatever is needed by the body at that time. From only 20 amino acids, the body is able to make thousands of unique proteins with different functions. ...
Document
... Respiration includes all the processes that provide the energy to carry out the life processes of an organism. Respiration continuously in all plant and animal occurs ___________ cells. It involves changing the chemical energy in food into a form that can be used by the cells. In most organisms, res ...
... Respiration includes all the processes that provide the energy to carry out the life processes of an organism. Respiration continuously in all plant and animal occurs ___________ cells. It involves changing the chemical energy in food into a form that can be used by the cells. In most organisms, res ...
Organic and Bio Chemistry 16
... 3. Nucleic acids are linear polymers of nucleotides - pyrimidine & purine bases linked to ribose or deoxyribose sugars (nucleosides) & bound to phosphate groups. The backbone of the nucleic acid consists of alternating phosphate & pentose units with a purine or pyrimidine base attached to each. a. N ...
... 3. Nucleic acids are linear polymers of nucleotides - pyrimidine & purine bases linked to ribose or deoxyribose sugars (nucleosides) & bound to phosphate groups. The backbone of the nucleic acid consists of alternating phosphate & pentose units with a purine or pyrimidine base attached to each. a. N ...
Energy - My CCSD
... = the ability to do work Energy is usually released when bonds are broken and needed to put bonds together All living organisms must be able to produce, store, and use energy. Our food energy must always be converted to ATP energy to be useful to our cells ...
... = the ability to do work Energy is usually released when bonds are broken and needed to put bonds together All living organisms must be able to produce, store, and use energy. Our food energy must always be converted to ATP energy to be useful to our cells ...
Mitochondria
... • They convert solar energy to chemical energy and synthesize new organic compounds from CO2 and H2O. ...
... • They convert solar energy to chemical energy and synthesize new organic compounds from CO2 and H2O. ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.