Macromolecules
... Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ...
... Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ...
CHAPTER 5 THE STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF
... Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ...
... Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ...
Unit 2 Biochemistry Chp 5 Macromolecules Notes
... Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ...
... Three of the four classes of macromolecules—carbohydrates, proteins, and nucleic acids—form chain-like molecules called polymers. ○ A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar or identical building blocks linked by covalent bonds. ○ The repeated units are small molecules called monomers. ...
Chapter 9
... The energy stored in a H+ gradient across a membrane couples the redox reactions of the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis The H+ gradient is referred to as a proton-motive force, emphasizing its capacity to ...
... The energy stored in a H+ gradient across a membrane couples the redox reactions of the electron transport chain to ATP synthesis The H+ gradient is referred to as a proton-motive force, emphasizing its capacity to ...
ATP
... Theoretical Yield of ATP Ten NADH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 ATP Two FADH2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ATP ...
... Theoretical Yield of ATP Ten NADH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 ATP Two FADH2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 ATP ...
Chapter 19
... Harvesting electrons from the citric acid cycle - Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria of eukaryotes - Energy of the oxidation reactions is largely conserved as reducing power (stored electrons) - Coenzymes reduced: NAD+ FAD ...
... Harvesting electrons from the citric acid cycle - Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria of eukaryotes - Energy of the oxidation reactions is largely conserved as reducing power (stored electrons) - Coenzymes reduced: NAD+ FAD ...
Harvesting Electrons from the Citric Acid Cycle
... Harvesting electrons from the citric acid cycle - Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria of eukaryotes - Energy of the oxidation reactions is largely conserved as reducing power (stored electrons) - Coenzymes reduced: NAD+ FAD ...
... Harvesting electrons from the citric acid cycle - Enzymes of the cycle are in the mitochondria of eukaryotes - Energy of the oxidation reactions is largely conserved as reducing power (stored electrons) - Coenzymes reduced: NAD+ FAD ...
Biochemistry 304 2014 Student Edition Metabolism Overview
... Living organisms require a continual input of energy for three major purposes: 1. Performance of mechanical work in muscle contraction and other cellular movements. 2. Active transport of molecules and ions. 3. Synthesis of macromolecules and other biomolecules from simple precursors ...
... Living organisms require a continual input of energy for three major purposes: 1. Performance of mechanical work in muscle contraction and other cellular movements. 2. Active transport of molecules and ions. 3. Synthesis of macromolecules and other biomolecules from simple precursors ...
Anaerobic Respiration - County Central High School
... Instead of using an ETC, anaerobic organisms use a process called fermentation Eukaryotes (like us) use two different forms: 1. Alcohol Fermentation 2. Lactic Acid Fermentation Both forms use the same two stages: glycolysis and fermentation ...
... Instead of using an ETC, anaerobic organisms use a process called fermentation Eukaryotes (like us) use two different forms: 1. Alcohol Fermentation 2. Lactic Acid Fermentation Both forms use the same two stages: glycolysis and fermentation ...
Protocol S1.
... SCHEMA is a method designed by protein engineers to predict relative degrees of structural perturbation in recombinant proteins [3]. SCHEMA takes as input a PDB protein structure file and parental amino acid sequence files. It uses the protein structural information to properly fold the parental ami ...
... SCHEMA is a method designed by protein engineers to predict relative degrees of structural perturbation in recombinant proteins [3]. SCHEMA takes as input a PDB protein structure file and parental amino acid sequence files. It uses the protein structural information to properly fold the parental ami ...
Amino Acid Regulation of RNA Synthesis
... within the cell and to selectively permit the entry of some molecules from the environment. Several means are available for the transportation of solutes through membranes, and these can be divided into two: (a) passive diffusion (b) active transport via carrier or transport mechanism ...
... within the cell and to selectively permit the entry of some molecules from the environment. Several means are available for the transportation of solutes through membranes, and these can be divided into two: (a) passive diffusion (b) active transport via carrier or transport mechanism ...
Chapter 8
... Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate. -a 10-step biochemical pathway -occurs in the cytoplasm -2 molecules of pyruvate are formed -net production of 2 ATP molecules by substrate-level phosphorylation -2 NADH produced by the reduction of NAD+ ...
... Glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate. -a 10-step biochemical pathway -occurs in the cytoplasm -2 molecules of pyruvate are formed -net production of 2 ATP molecules by substrate-level phosphorylation -2 NADH produced by the reduction of NAD+ ...
Slide 1 - Ommbid.com
... Hydrolysis of membrane-associated ceramide by acid ceramidase in the presence of saposins and bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) in the acidic lysosomal compartment. According to a recent model on the topology of lysosomal digestion,47 ceramide hydrolysis takes place on intralysosomal vesicles. R = ...
... Hydrolysis of membrane-associated ceramide by acid ceramidase in the presence of saposins and bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate (BMP) in the acidic lysosomal compartment. According to a recent model on the topology of lysosomal digestion,47 ceramide hydrolysis takes place on intralysosomal vesicles. R = ...
Chemistry 2000 Review: quantum mechanics of
... When you hear the term “organic base”, it’s generally referring to an amine. Amines are readily protonated by acids: H ...
... When you hear the term “organic base”, it’s generally referring to an amine. Amines are readily protonated by acids: H ...
Chapter Five
... C. Denaturation of Proteins First step in its destruction Excess heat, alcohol, acids or salts of heavy metals can damage the body’s proteins Stomach acid opens up the protein’s structure and permits digestive enzymes to act upon the protein. ...
... C. Denaturation of Proteins First step in its destruction Excess heat, alcohol, acids or salts of heavy metals can damage the body’s proteins Stomach acid opens up the protein’s structure and permits digestive enzymes to act upon the protein. ...
Cellular Respiration
... a. If Oxygen is present Glycolysis enters Aerobic Respiration = the Krebs cycle and then the electron transport chain = lots of energy b. If no Oxygen present Glyclysis enters Fermentation, and no additional energy is made. ...
... a. If Oxygen is present Glycolysis enters Aerobic Respiration = the Krebs cycle and then the electron transport chain = lots of energy b. If no Oxygen present Glyclysis enters Fermentation, and no additional energy is made. ...
Proteins
... Amino acids There are 20 different types of Amino Acids. What makes them different? ...
... Amino acids There are 20 different types of Amino Acids. What makes them different? ...
Cellular respiration *vs
... • Our cells use ATP as the energy required so they can do their work. This allows the body to function smoothly---to do work like: breathe, circulate blood, digest, respond to stimuli, create new cells, repair and grow, move our muscles, etc.,---everything you do uses energy. ...
... • Our cells use ATP as the energy required so they can do their work. This allows the body to function smoothly---to do work like: breathe, circulate blood, digest, respond to stimuli, create new cells, repair and grow, move our muscles, etc.,---everything you do uses energy. ...
BI211StudyObjectivesChapters6
... 10. Indicate where each stage of aerobic respiration takes place in a eukaryotic cell. 11. Add up the energy captured (as ATP, NADH, and FADH2) in each stage of aerobic respiration. 12. Understand the electron transport chain, and define chemiosmosis, and explain how a gradient of protons is establi ...
... 10. Indicate where each stage of aerobic respiration takes place in a eukaryotic cell. 11. Add up the energy captured (as ATP, NADH, and FADH2) in each stage of aerobic respiration. 12. Understand the electron transport chain, and define chemiosmosis, and explain how a gradient of protons is establi ...
NURS 1310
... Introduction to organic chemistry Saturated Hydrocarbons (Alkanes, and their halogen ...
... Introduction to organic chemistry Saturated Hydrocarbons (Alkanes, and their halogen ...
Definitions Cycles Food Webs 100 500 400 300 200 200 100 300
... Pollution from factories and from the burning of fossil fuels leads to increased levels of sulfur dioxides and nitrous oxides into the atmosphere which can combine with water molecules creating ...
... Pollution from factories and from the burning of fossil fuels leads to increased levels of sulfur dioxides and nitrous oxides into the atmosphere which can combine with water molecules creating ...
Metabolism
Metabolism (from Greek: μεταβολή metabolē, ""change"") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of living organisms. These enzyme-catalyzed reactions allow organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to their environments. The word metabolism can also refer to all chemical reactions that occur in living organisms, including digestion and the transport of substances into and between different cells, in which case the set of reactions within the cells is called intermediary metabolism or intermediate metabolism.Metabolism is usually divided into two categories: catabolism, the breaking down of organic matter by way of cellular respiration, and anabolism, the building up of components of cells such as proteins and nucleic acids. Usually, breaking down releases energy and building up consumes energy.The chemical reactions of metabolism are organized into metabolic pathways, in which one chemical is transformed through a series of steps into another chemical, by a sequence of enzymes. Enzymes are crucial to metabolism because they allow organisms to drive desirable reactions that require energy that will not occur by themselves, by coupling them to spontaneous reactions that release energy. Enzymes act as catalysts that allow the reactions to proceed more rapidly. Enzymes also allow the regulation of metabolic pathways in response to changes in the cell's environment or to signals from other cells.The metabolic system of a particular organism determines which substances it will find nutritious and which poisonous. For example, some prokaryotes use hydrogen sulfide as a nutrient, yet this gas is poisonous to animals. The speed of metabolism, the metabolic rate, influences how much food an organism will require, and also affects how it is able to obtain that food.A striking feature of metabolism is the similarity of the basic metabolic pathways and components between even vastly different species. For example, the set of carboxylic acids that are best known as the intermediates in the citric acid cycle are present in all known organisms, being found in species as diverse as the unicellular bacterium Escherichia coli and huge multicellular organisms like elephants. These striking similarities in metabolic pathways are likely due to their early appearance in evolutionary history, and their retention because of their efficacy.