![Overexpression of yeast karyopherin Pse1p/Kap121p stimulates the](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017637131_1-601d8c80d3ba61b9dc9cec1d045691c5-300x300.png)
Overexpression of yeast karyopherin Pse1p/Kap121p stimulates the
... Q 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, Molecular Microbiology, 31, 1499±1511 ...
... Q 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, Molecular Microbiology, 31, 1499±1511 ...
Distributed Processing of Sensory Information
... Comparisons were made between successive A and B trials. Intertrial intervals were 10-30 sec. Every 5-10 trials, the intemeuron was depolarized to determine whether it was still able to fire cell 3. Each necessity test lasted until the intemeuron could no longer fire cell 3 (usually less than 20 tri ...
... Comparisons were made between successive A and B trials. Intertrial intervals were 10-30 sec. Every 5-10 trials, the intemeuron was depolarized to determine whether it was still able to fire cell 3. Each necessity test lasted until the intemeuron could no longer fire cell 3 (usually less than 20 tri ...
SEDS proteins are a widespread family of bacterial
... The peptidoglycan cell wall is the bacterial exoskeleton. It specifies cell shape and protects the cell from osmotic lysis, and its biogenesis is among the most enduring targets for therapeutic intervention. Peptidoglycan is composed of polysaccharide chains crosslinked to each other by short peptid ...
... The peptidoglycan cell wall is the bacterial exoskeleton. It specifies cell shape and protects the cell from osmotic lysis, and its biogenesis is among the most enduring targets for therapeutic intervention. Peptidoglycan is composed of polysaccharide chains crosslinked to each other by short peptid ...
Measuring forces and stresses in situ in living tissues
... body of literature on methods (and applications thereof ), either transferred from in vitro to in vivo, or specifically developed for in vivo applications. Here we review these techniques, which are either already, or likely soon to become, part of a versatile toolbox to study tissue mechanics in vi ...
... body of literature on methods (and applications thereof ), either transferred from in vitro to in vivo, or specifically developed for in vivo applications. Here we review these techniques, which are either already, or likely soon to become, part of a versatile toolbox to study tissue mechanics in vi ...
Magnificent molecules
... and dogs smells much worse than that of herbivorous animals like rabbits or sheep: it contains more protein. But these diamines are not just about corpses. They are produced in normal living tissue as well, where they help the process of cell division. The cadaverine and putrescine that our own, liv ...
... and dogs smells much worse than that of herbivorous animals like rabbits or sheep: it contains more protein. But these diamines are not just about corpses. They are produced in normal living tissue as well, where they help the process of cell division. The cadaverine and putrescine that our own, liv ...
Mitochondrial quality control by the ubiquitin
... mitochondria [15]. Under normal growth conditions the Vms1 complex resides in the cytosol. However, on treatment with mitochondrial toxicants including uncouplers, respiratory chain poisons and oxidants, Vms1 recruits Cdc48/97 and Npl4 to mitochondria, reminiscent of the Cdc48/p97–Npl4– Ufd1 complex ...
... mitochondria [15]. Under normal growth conditions the Vms1 complex resides in the cytosol. However, on treatment with mitochondrial toxicants including uncouplers, respiratory chain poisons and oxidants, Vms1 recruits Cdc48/97 and Npl4 to mitochondria, reminiscent of the Cdc48/p97–Npl4– Ufd1 complex ...
Emerging regulatory mechanisms in ubiquitin
... genomic material, correct mistakes made by sloppy DNA polymerases, repair damage caused by harsh environments and yet still distribute their chromosomes into identical daughter cells. Errors in this program can be deadly for the cell, or, if they result in transformation, have detrimental effects on ...
... genomic material, correct mistakes made by sloppy DNA polymerases, repair damage caused by harsh environments and yet still distribute their chromosomes into identical daughter cells. Errors in this program can be deadly for the cell, or, if they result in transformation, have detrimental effects on ...
Proteolytic Enzymes from Extremely Halophilic Bacteria
... Christian (1956) and Brown & Gibbons (1955) have concluded that potassium ions play an important role in the metabolism of halophilic bacteria by activating certain enzymes. Several enzymes are more active in the presence of KCI than NaCl (Baxter & Gibbons, 1956; Baxter, 1959). An exception is the c ...
... Christian (1956) and Brown & Gibbons (1955) have concluded that potassium ions play an important role in the metabolism of halophilic bacteria by activating certain enzymes. Several enzymes are more active in the presence of KCI than NaCl (Baxter & Gibbons, 1956; Baxter, 1959). An exception is the c ...
Induction of a Secondary Body Axis in Xenopus by Antibodies to
... consistent with a cytoskeletal linker function for ot-catenin. The function of/3-catenin in the cadherin complex is less clear./3-Catenin binds directly to the cadherin cytoplasmic tail, because it copurifies with E-cadherin under conditions that deplete the other catenins from the complex (22, 35). ...
... consistent with a cytoskeletal linker function for ot-catenin. The function of/3-catenin in the cadherin complex is less clear./3-Catenin binds directly to the cadherin cytoplasmic tail, because it copurifies with E-cadherin under conditions that deplete the other catenins from the complex (22, 35). ...
- Mochtar Riady Institute
... note that they were still functional in regulating MDDC function similarly to the fulllength AFP derived from purified human cord blood serum, which presumably are glycosylated. These results indicated that glycosylation of AFP seems to be unnecessary in their immunoregulatory function. Our result ...
... note that they were still functional in regulating MDDC function similarly to the fulllength AFP derived from purified human cord blood serum, which presumably are glycosylated. These results indicated that glycosylation of AFP seems to be unnecessary in their immunoregulatory function. Our result ...
Cell-surface location of Listeria-specific protein p60
... anti-p60 antiserum. Proteins immunologically related to p60 with a similar molecular mass were detected in all strains except L. grayi and L. murrayi (data not shown). In the case of L. seeligeri and L. welshimeri, however, only a weak reaction was observed. Production of p60 by L. monocytogenes ATC ...
... anti-p60 antiserum. Proteins immunologically related to p60 with a similar molecular mass were detected in all strains except L. grayi and L. murrayi (data not shown). In the case of L. seeligeri and L. welshimeri, however, only a weak reaction was observed. Production of p60 by L. monocytogenes ATC ...
Signal Sequences Specify the Targeting Route to the Endoplasmic
... based on principles similar to those used previously (Manoil and Beckwith, 1985; Deshaies and Schekman, 1987). The strategy uses a chimeric reporter consisting of a normally cytosolic enzyme fused to a targeting domain that directs translocation of the enzyme into the E R lumen, where it is inactive ...
... based on principles similar to those used previously (Manoil and Beckwith, 1985; Deshaies and Schekman, 1987). The strategy uses a chimeric reporter consisting of a normally cytosolic enzyme fused to a targeting domain that directs translocation of the enzyme into the E R lumen, where it is inactive ...
mRNA Transport in Yeast: Time to Reinvestigate the
... groups of recessive mutants defective in mRNA transport (mtr; Kadowaki et al., 1994a) and seven possibly different complementation groups affecting ribonucleic acid trafficking (rat; Amberg et al., 1992). Although the extent of overlap between mtr and rat mutants is not known, the observation that m ...
... groups of recessive mutants defective in mRNA transport (mtr; Kadowaki et al., 1994a) and seven possibly different complementation groups affecting ribonucleic acid trafficking (rat; Amberg et al., 1992). Although the extent of overlap between mtr and rat mutants is not known, the observation that m ...
Review The Role of Laminin in Embryonic Cell Polarization and
... membrane assembly and cell polarization, with subsequent effects on cell survival and tissue organization during metazoan embryogenesis. These functions depend upon the cooperation between laminin polymerization and cell anchorage mediated via interactions with 1-integrins, dystroglycan, and other ...
... membrane assembly and cell polarization, with subsequent effects on cell survival and tissue organization during metazoan embryogenesis. These functions depend upon the cooperation between laminin polymerization and cell anchorage mediated via interactions with 1-integrins, dystroglycan, and other ...
spatial control of cell expansion by the plant cytoskeleton
... Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, ...
... Section of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, ...
Cilia Review Article - Eastern Virginia Medical School
... Work with C. elegans provided early clues that the gene products for PKD1 and PKD2 might also be involved with cilia structure and/or function. During the examination of mutations that affect mating behavior in C. elegans, Barr et al. (1999, 2001) identified worm homologs of PKD1 as lov-1 (for locat ...
... Work with C. elegans provided early clues that the gene products for PKD1 and PKD2 might also be involved with cilia structure and/or function. During the examination of mutations that affect mating behavior in C. elegans, Barr et al. (1999, 2001) identified worm homologs of PKD1 as lov-1 (for locat ...
ApexCal - Ivoclar Vivadent
... responsible for the slow release of OH- ions and the very low resorption of the material. The main effect of calcium oxide is the ionic dissociation of Ca2+ and OH-. The released hydroxyl ions are the most important components of calcium hydroxide, as they are responsible for a significant increase ...
... responsible for the slow release of OH- ions and the very low resorption of the material. The main effect of calcium oxide is the ionic dissociation of Ca2+ and OH-. The released hydroxyl ions are the most important components of calcium hydroxide, as they are responsible for a significant increase ...
The pollen wall and tapetum are altered in the
... may be solid or contain internal foramina and comprises tectum (tegillum), columella (bacula), and foot layers. The intine, secreted by the microspore, is the innermost layer, is located between plasma membrane and the nexine (Heslop-Harrison, 1971), and contains cellulose, pectin, and various prote ...
... may be solid or contain internal foramina and comprises tectum (tegillum), columella (bacula), and foot layers. The intine, secreted by the microspore, is the innermost layer, is located between plasma membrane and the nexine (Heslop-Harrison, 1971), and contains cellulose, pectin, and various prote ...
Auxin-Dependent Cell Division and Cell Elongation. 1
... 1985). Especially AlF42 is not very stable in solution, and therefore the drugs were added at daily intervals. The concentrations and application intervals for both drugs were chosen such that they did not affect cell viability and they did not reach superoptimal concentrations (data not shown). Mor ...
... 1985). Especially AlF42 is not very stable in solution, and therefore the drugs were added at daily intervals. The concentrations and application intervals for both drugs were chosen such that they did not affect cell viability and they did not reach superoptimal concentrations (data not shown). Mor ...
to the complete text
... things. This brief article reviews recent progress in these areas with an emphasis on experiments on whole cells. ...
... things. This brief article reviews recent progress in these areas with an emphasis on experiments on whole cells. ...
PDF
... occurring near the tip. In Arabidopsis, stomatal production roughly follows this trend, but is ultimately organized by the behaviors of a specialized epidermal cell lineage (Nadeau and Sack, 2002a; Bergmann and Sack, 2007; Pillitteri and Torii, 2012). This stomatal lineage consists of five major cel ...
... occurring near the tip. In Arabidopsis, stomatal production roughly follows this trend, but is ultimately organized by the behaviors of a specialized epidermal cell lineage (Nadeau and Sack, 2002a; Bergmann and Sack, 2007; Pillitteri and Torii, 2012). This stomatal lineage consists of five major cel ...
Stomatal development - The Company of Biologists
... occurring near the tip. In Arabidopsis, stomatal production roughly follows this trend, but is ultimately organized by the behaviors of a specialized epidermal cell lineage (Nadeau and Sack, 2002a; Bergmann and Sack, 2007; Pillitteri and Torii, 2012). This stomatal lineage consists of five major cel ...
... occurring near the tip. In Arabidopsis, stomatal production roughly follows this trend, but is ultimately organized by the behaviors of a specialized epidermal cell lineage (Nadeau and Sack, 2002a; Bergmann and Sack, 2007; Pillitteri and Torii, 2012). This stomatal lineage consists of five major cel ...
Review Recycling the Cell Cycle: Cyclins Revisited
... with processes involved in cell division” and went on to suggest that the synthesis of this protein drove cells into mitosis and its destruction allowed cells to finish one cell cycle and begin the next. Time has proved him right. Cyclin’s discovery led to a model of the autonomous oscillator that d ...
... with processes involved in cell division” and went on to suggest that the synthesis of this protein drove cells into mitosis and its destruction allowed cells to finish one cell cycle and begin the next. Time has proved him right. Cyclin’s discovery led to a model of the autonomous oscillator that d ...
Cytosol
![](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Crowded_cytosol.png?width=300)
The cytosol or intracellular fluid (ICF) or cytoplasmic matrix is the liquid found inside cells. It is separated into compartments by membranes. For example, the mitochondrial matrix separates the mitochondrion into many compartments.In the eukaryotic cell, the cytosol is within the cell membrane and is part of the cytoplasm, which also comprises the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles (but not their internal fluids and structures); the cell nucleus is separate. In prokaryotes, most of the chemical reactions of metabolism take place in the cytosol, while a few take place in membranes or in the periplasmic space. In eukaryotes, while many metabolic pathways still occur in the cytosol, others are contained within organelles.The cytosol is a complex mixture of substances dissolved in water. Although water forms the large majority of the cytosol, its structure and properties within cells is not well understood. The concentrations of ions such as sodium and potassium are different in the cytosol than in the extracellular fluid; these differences in ion levels are important in processes such as osmoregulation, cell signaling, and the generation of action potentials in excitable cells such as endocrine, nerve and muscle cells. The cytosol also contains large amounts of macromolecules, which can alter how molecules behave, through macromolecular crowding.Although it was once thought to be a simple solution of molecules, the cytosol has multiple levels of organization. These include concentration gradients of small molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together to carry out metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes and carboxysomes that enclose and separate parts of the cytosol.