Mechanisms of cell positioning during C. elegans gastrulation
... Microsphere movements were traced by hand onto transparencies, from the beginning to the end of gastrulation movements, or until the microspheres went out of plane. As both the microspheres and the cells were moving at this time, the tracing template position was adjusted at each time interval along ...
... Microsphere movements were traced by hand onto transparencies, from the beginning to the end of gastrulation movements, or until the microspheres went out of plane. As both the microspheres and the cells were moving at this time, the tracing template position was adjusted at each time interval along ...
Sludge Quality and Microscopic Examination
... • Toxicity stress is an early indication by the higher life forms before the bacteria show the loss of treatment stress. • A rapid shift towards flagellates indicates an over abundance of free bacteria and dispersed growth. • The loss of free swimming ciliates and limited higher life form counts ind ...
... • Toxicity stress is an early indication by the higher life forms before the bacteria show the loss of treatment stress. • A rapid shift towards flagellates indicates an over abundance of free bacteria and dispersed growth. • The loss of free swimming ciliates and limited higher life form counts ind ...
GFP-tagging of cell components reveals the dynamics of subcellular
... studies, it is difficult to determine what effects of the treatments apply specifically to the defense response and what may be due to interference in other fundamental functions played by the cytoskeleton in plant cell growth and development (see reviews by Nick, 1999; Staiger, 2000). Over the last ...
... studies, it is difficult to determine what effects of the treatments apply specifically to the defense response and what may be due to interference in other fundamental functions played by the cytoskeleton in plant cell growth and development (see reviews by Nick, 1999; Staiger, 2000). Over the last ...
The UDPase activity of the Kluyveromyces lactis Golgi GDPase has
... restored on transformation of the deletion strain with a plasmid carrying either the K. lactis (not shown) or the S. cerevisiae gene (Table I). Golgi membrane extracts from K. lactis wild type showed preferential hydrolytic activity towards GDP compared to UDP in the presence of either Ca2+ or Mn2+ ...
... restored on transformation of the deletion strain with a plasmid carrying either the K. lactis (not shown) or the S. cerevisiae gene (Table I). Golgi membrane extracts from K. lactis wild type showed preferential hydrolytic activity towards GDP compared to UDP in the presence of either Ca2+ or Mn2+ ...
Cdc2-mediated Schwann cell migration during peripheral nerve
... expressing wt- or dn-Cdc2 cDNA together with green fluorescence protein (GFP) reporter, Schwann cells were implanted into the injury site of the sciatic nerve. Infected Schwann cells were identified in the sciatic nerve sections by visualizing GFP. GFP-expressing Schwann cells were found at differen ...
... expressing wt- or dn-Cdc2 cDNA together with green fluorescence protein (GFP) reporter, Schwann cells were implanted into the injury site of the sciatic nerve. Infected Schwann cells were identified in the sciatic nerve sections by visualizing GFP. GFP-expressing Schwann cells were found at differen ...
II-Expressing Microvesicles at Their Surface Follicular Dendritic
... often have a multivesicular phenotype (12, 13). The internal vesicles of multivesicular MIICs are probably formed by inward budding from the limiting membrane (14), a process that seems to require phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity (15). Multivesicular MIICs can fuse with the plasma membrane in ...
... often have a multivesicular phenotype (12, 13). The internal vesicles of multivesicular MIICs are probably formed by inward budding from the limiting membrane (14), a process that seems to require phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity (15). Multivesicular MIICs can fuse with the plasma membrane in ...
Chromosomes with Two Intact Axial Cores Are Induced by G2
... Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel (CEA/CNRS), 41 Avenue des Martyrs, 38027 Grenoble cedex 1, France. Tel.: (33) 4 76 88 96 16. Fax: (33) 4 76 88 ...
... Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel (CEA/CNRS), 41 Avenue des Martyrs, 38027 Grenoble cedex 1, France. Tel.: (33) 4 76 88 96 16. Fax: (33) 4 76 88 ...
Factors PU.1, Spi-B, and Spi-C Transformation
... in humans and by the Sfpi1 gene in mice. PU.1 is required to ...
... in humans and by the Sfpi1 gene in mice. PU.1 is required to ...
Morphology and LPS content for the estimation of marine
... using two different methods: the epifluorescent microscopy technique for enumerating and sizing bacterial cells, and the determination of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Five bacterial morphotypes were distinguished: cocci, rods, coccobacilli, vibrios and spirillae. The proportions of cocci wer ...
... using two different methods: the epifluorescent microscopy technique for enumerating and sizing bacterial cells, and the determination of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Five bacterial morphotypes were distinguished: cocci, rods, coccobacilli, vibrios and spirillae. The proportions of cocci wer ...
TRANSPORT OF SODIUM, POTASSIUM, AND CALCIUM ACROSS
... formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was found to affect the fluxes of Na § K § and Ca .'§ at concentrations as low as 10 -l~ M. FMLP induced a large and rapid increase in the permeability of the PMN plasma membrane to 2ZNa. Smaller and delayed enhancements of 4ZK influx and 22Na efflux were ...
... formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) was found to affect the fluxes of Na § K § and Ca .'§ at concentrations as low as 10 -l~ M. FMLP induced a large and rapid increase in the permeability of the PMN plasma membrane to 2ZNa. Smaller and delayed enhancements of 4ZK influx and 22Na efflux were ...
DNA Topoisomerase II Must Act at Mitosis to Prevent Nondisjunction
... plates. To evaluate the frequency of mitotic recombinants plus monosomic progeny, cells were sonicated, diluted appropriately, and spread on C+Can plates. It was possible to determine which of the canavanine-resistant colonies represented mitotic recombinants and which represented monosomic progeny ...
... plates. To evaluate the frequency of mitotic recombinants plus monosomic progeny, cells were sonicated, diluted appropriately, and spread on C+Can plates. It was possible to determine which of the canavanine-resistant colonies represented mitotic recombinants and which represented monosomic progeny ...
Topical aldose reductase inhibitor for correcting
... the polyol accumulation is not sufficient to cause the osmotic effect, while it may cause a depletion of intracellular myoinositol and a subsequent decrease in the membrane bound Na/K dependent ATPase, resulting in cell swelling and death. Several studies have indicated that even with normal cell de ...
... the polyol accumulation is not sufficient to cause the osmotic effect, while it may cause a depletion of intracellular myoinositol and a subsequent decrease in the membrane bound Na/K dependent ATPase, resulting in cell swelling and death. Several studies have indicated that even with normal cell de ...
Novel Symbiotic Protoplasts Formed by Endophytic Fungi Explain
... defense mechanisms and switch to an endophytic lifestyle? Even when internal hyphae are clearly present, there is a dearth of information about how these fungi interact with plant cells [14]. The mystery is compounded because cryptic endophytes lack a clear physical presence, yet emerge as walled ce ...
... defense mechanisms and switch to an endophytic lifestyle? Even when internal hyphae are clearly present, there is a dearth of information about how these fungi interact with plant cells [14]. The mystery is compounded because cryptic endophytes lack a clear physical presence, yet emerge as walled ce ...
Sos recruitment system for the analysis of the
... We sought information on SUMF2 localization and whether its subtypes could interact with whIL-13 and mhIL-13. The Sos recruitment system takes advantage of Ras-activation through membrane-localized hSos in yeast (Kruse et al., 2006; Aronheim et al., 2006). The SUMF2 subtypes are particularly well su ...
... We sought information on SUMF2 localization and whether its subtypes could interact with whIL-13 and mhIL-13. The Sos recruitment system takes advantage of Ras-activation through membrane-localized hSos in yeast (Kruse et al., 2006; Aronheim et al., 2006). The SUMF2 subtypes are particularly well su ...
Discussion
... for clone 4-2 were 32 percent (apical) and 35 percent (basolateral), respectively (table 4-9). This result does not correlate with the mRNA expression levels for the transfected clones, since clone 4-2 was shown to express more serglycin mRNA than clone 1-7 (figures 4-11.B and 4-12.A). The reason fo ...
... for clone 4-2 were 32 percent (apical) and 35 percent (basolateral), respectively (table 4-9). This result does not correlate with the mRNA expression levels for the transfected clones, since clone 4-2 was shown to express more serglycin mRNA than clone 1-7 (figures 4-11.B and 4-12.A). The reason fo ...
Multiple Functions of Kip-Related Protein5
... results suggest that KRPs could act to maintain differentiation in addition to their role in the inhibition of cell proliferation. Another unresolved issue is the respective functions of the seven members of the KRP family. Overexpression analyses seem to indicate that all KRPs have similar function ...
... results suggest that KRPs could act to maintain differentiation in addition to their role in the inhibition of cell proliferation. Another unresolved issue is the respective functions of the seven members of the KRP family. Overexpression analyses seem to indicate that all KRPs have similar function ...
The AMF-R tubule is a smooth ilimaquinone
... (Benlimame et al., 1995), in IQ treated cells AMF-R labels rough ER tubules as well as tubules which exhibit both rough and smooth portions (Fig. 7). Of particular interest is the fact that while IQ does not affect the rough portion of the tubule, the smooth portion presents a morphology of intercon ...
... (Benlimame et al., 1995), in IQ treated cells AMF-R labels rough ER tubules as well as tubules which exhibit both rough and smooth portions (Fig. 7). Of particular interest is the fact that while IQ does not affect the rough portion of the tubule, the smooth portion presents a morphology of intercon ...
Nucleolus: the fascinating nuclear body
... nucleolus, after which the nucleolar components segregate to Wnally form a central body associated with caps (Hadjiolova et al. 1995). In the caps are several proteins related to the RNA polymerase (pol) I transcription machinery such as UBF, close to Wbrillarin-containing caps. In the central body ...
... nucleolus, after which the nucleolar components segregate to Wnally form a central body associated with caps (Hadjiolova et al. 1995). In the caps are several proteins related to the RNA polymerase (pol) I transcription machinery such as UBF, close to Wbrillarin-containing caps. In the central body ...
Diffusion of Green Fluorescent Protein in Three Cell
... rates at which proteins and other cell components can diffuse is crucial for the understanding of a cell as a physical system. There have been numerous measurements of diffusion coefficients in eukaryotic cells by using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and related techniques. Much l ...
... rates at which proteins and other cell components can diffuse is crucial for the understanding of a cell as a physical system. There have been numerous measurements of diffusion coefficients in eukaryotic cells by using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) and related techniques. Much l ...
PDF Full-text
... mesophyll cells of Arabidopsis rosette leaves [18] to take advantage of T-DNA insertion lines, which are currently available for more than 20,000 genes in Arabidopsis (http://signal.salk.edu/index.html) [19]. Using this procedure, a large amount of protoplasts can easily be prepared from fully-expan ...
... mesophyll cells of Arabidopsis rosette leaves [18] to take advantage of T-DNA insertion lines, which are currently available for more than 20,000 genes in Arabidopsis (http://signal.salk.edu/index.html) [19]. Using this procedure, a large amount of protoplasts can easily be prepared from fully-expan ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.