Bactericidal Antibiotics Induce Toxic Metabolic - Collins Lab
... contains a spreadsheet of normalized metabolite measurements and pathway associations. Figure 1 shows the fold change (with respect to UNT0) in relative concentration for the detected metabolites across all treatment conditions, grouped into the six most biologically relevant super-pathways. We obse ...
... contains a spreadsheet of normalized metabolite measurements and pathway associations. Figure 1 shows the fold change (with respect to UNT0) in relative concentration for the detected metabolites across all treatment conditions, grouped into the six most biologically relevant super-pathways. We obse ...
Cell Structure and Functions
... membrane? a. osmosis b. engulfing c. active transport d. passive transport Which term refers to the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using the cell’s energy? a. concentration b. collision c. active transport d. passive transport The invention of the light microscope differed fro ...
... membrane? a. osmosis b. engulfing c. active transport d. passive transport Which term refers to the movement of materials through a cell membrane without using the cell’s energy? a. concentration b. collision c. active transport d. passive transport The invention of the light microscope differed fro ...
Thuy`s Rho family GTPases review
... Manneville, S. and Hall, A. (2002). Rho GTPases in cell biology. Hall, et al (1998). Rho GTPases and the Actin Cytoskeleton. Ridley, A. (2001). Rho GTPases and cell migration. Hotchin, N. and Alan, H. (1995). The assembly of integrin adhesion complexes requires both ECM and intracellular rho/rac GTP ...
... Manneville, S. and Hall, A. (2002). Rho GTPases in cell biology. Hall, et al (1998). Rho GTPases and the Actin Cytoskeleton. Ridley, A. (2001). Rho GTPases and cell migration. Hotchin, N. and Alan, H. (1995). The assembly of integrin adhesion complexes requires both ECM and intracellular rho/rac GTP ...
Early signaling events that underlie fate decisions of naive CD4 T
... acts on DCs to suppress IL-12 production and to diminish intensity of TCR-mediated signals that naive CD4+ T cells receive, implying that manipulating the function of DCs may result in weak TCR signals even if antigen amount is not limiting, thus favoring in vivo Th2 differentiation (8, 9). What is ...
... acts on DCs to suppress IL-12 production and to diminish intensity of TCR-mediated signals that naive CD4+ T cells receive, implying that manipulating the function of DCs may result in weak TCR signals even if antigen amount is not limiting, thus favoring in vivo Th2 differentiation (8, 9). What is ...
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... P pattern and vice versa. The reversal of these teloblasts’ generative identities was shown to correspond to the formation of chiasmata by their blast cell bandlets, so that the positions of their bandlets in the germinal band are reversed as well. Thus it is the position of the bandlet in the germi ...
... P pattern and vice versa. The reversal of these teloblasts’ generative identities was shown to correspond to the formation of chiasmata by their blast cell bandlets, so that the positions of their bandlets in the germinal band are reversed as well. Thus it is the position of the bandlet in the germi ...
Inter-specific scaling of phytoplankton production and cell size in the
... In the studies used here, carbon fixation was determined with the 14C-uptake technique during simulated in situ incubations or photosynthesis-irradiance experiments. Measuring the species-specific rate of carbon fixation requires that, after the incubation ends, cells of the species under study are ...
... In the studies used here, carbon fixation was determined with the 14C-uptake technique during simulated in situ incubations or photosynthesis-irradiance experiments. Measuring the species-specific rate of carbon fixation requires that, after the incubation ends, cells of the species under study are ...
Transforming growth factor‐β1 suppresses hepatitis B virus
... established by stably transfecting HepG2 cells with a 1.3fold HBV genome.26 The 1.3ES2 cells were chosen because of the production of viral replicative intermediates and its capacity to support cccDNA formation. To identify the effective dose that interfered with HBV replication, various concentrati ...
... established by stably transfecting HepG2 cells with a 1.3fold HBV genome.26 The 1.3ES2 cells were chosen because of the production of viral replicative intermediates and its capacity to support cccDNA formation. To identify the effective dose that interfered with HBV replication, various concentrati ...
Pavement cell chloroplast behaviour and interactions with other
... between PCC and the vacuolar membranes, we were perplexed by the presence of many areas that looked very similar in size to the PCC but did not show the typical chloroplast fluorescence (Fig. 2I). We found the observations with the vacuole probe reminiscent of earlier observations on chloroplasts ma ...
... between PCC and the vacuolar membranes, we were perplexed by the presence of many areas that looked very similar in size to the PCC but did not show the typical chloroplast fluorescence (Fig. 2I). We found the observations with the vacuole probe reminiscent of earlier observations on chloroplasts ma ...
The Bacterial Nucleoid
... replication ; OM, outer membrane; PG, peptidoglycan; CM, cytoplasmicmembrane. ...
... replication ; OM, outer membrane; PG, peptidoglycan; CM, cytoplasmicmembrane. ...
Newly Synthesized Catalytic and Regulatory Components of
... modifying the properties of neurons. CAMP and calcium-dependent protein phosphorylation may also be involved in regulating neurotransmitter synthesis in cultured sympathetic neurons during development (Walicke and Patterson, 198 1). For a critical assessment of any role for CAMP in regulating develo ...
... modifying the properties of neurons. CAMP and calcium-dependent protein phosphorylation may also be involved in regulating neurotransmitter synthesis in cultured sympathetic neurons during development (Walicke and Patterson, 198 1). For a critical assessment of any role for CAMP in regulating develo ...
Transcriptional repression by MYB3R proteins regulates plant organ
... Fig. 2a shows defects in cytokinesis in myb mutants, but again without explanation or quantitative information. It appears that the guard cell phenotype depends on simultaneous loss of MYB3R1/4 and is not affected by loss of MYB3R3/5 function. However, loss of MYB3R3/5 function increases KN expressi ...
... Fig. 2a shows defects in cytokinesis in myb mutants, but again without explanation or quantitative information. It appears that the guard cell phenotype depends on simultaneous loss of MYB3R1/4 and is not affected by loss of MYB3R3/5 function. However, loss of MYB3R3/5 function increases KN expressi ...
OCTOPUS, a polarly localised membrane
... (apl) mutant shows a more specific defect in phloem differentiation: metaphloem cells are absent and protophloem cells develop characteristics of xylem cells (Mähönen et al., 2000; Truernit et al., 2008). These results suggest that APL promotes phloem identity and suppresses xylem identity in phloem ...
... (apl) mutant shows a more specific defect in phloem differentiation: metaphloem cells are absent and protophloem cells develop characteristics of xylem cells (Mähönen et al., 2000; Truernit et al., 2008). These results suggest that APL promotes phloem identity and suppresses xylem identity in phloem ...
The Mechanisms and Mechanics of Archenteron Elongation during
... 1956), which are more flattened, have somewhat thicker walls, and which have a relatively short distance to traverse during secondary invagination. The first result of the mechanical simulations is that when such shapes are modeled as elastic structures solely under the influence of filopodial pulli ...
... 1956), which are more flattened, have somewhat thicker walls, and which have a relatively short distance to traverse during secondary invagination. The first result of the mechanical simulations is that when such shapes are modeled as elastic structures solely under the influence of filopodial pulli ...
Bacterial chromosome segregation
... rounds of replication are initiated. Thus, the newly formed daughter cells have at least two oriC replication origins, located in the opposite halves of the cell, and about 50% of the chromosome already replicated (Lau et al., 2003). In contrast to eukaryotic cells, chromosome segregation and cell d ...
... rounds of replication are initiated. Thus, the newly formed daughter cells have at least two oriC replication origins, located in the opposite halves of the cell, and about 50% of the chromosome already replicated (Lau et al., 2003). In contrast to eukaryotic cells, chromosome segregation and cell d ...
New metal complexes as potential therapeutics
... their ability to bind DNA. As an exception, the antimetastatic activities of NAMI and its analog (ImH)trans[Ru(Im)(Me2SO)Cl4] (NAMI-A) (Figure 4a) do not appear to involve DNA binding. Instead, they interfere with type IV collagenolytic activity and reduce the metastatic potential of the tumors [48] ...
... their ability to bind DNA. As an exception, the antimetastatic activities of NAMI and its analog (ImH)trans[Ru(Im)(Me2SO)Cl4] (NAMI-A) (Figure 4a) do not appear to involve DNA binding. Instead, they interfere with type IV collagenolytic activity and reduce the metastatic potential of the tumors [48] ...
G1 Phase-Dependent Expression of Bcl
... 1996) while overexpression of the apoptosis inducer Bax increased the G1 to S transition (Brady et al., 1996). In addition, overexpression of Bcl-2 in other cell systems either inhibited the transition of G0 to S or accelerated cycling cells exit into quiescent stage (Vairo et al., 1996). However, h ...
... 1996) while overexpression of the apoptosis inducer Bax increased the G1 to S transition (Brady et al., 1996). In addition, overexpression of Bcl-2 in other cell systems either inhibited the transition of G0 to S or accelerated cycling cells exit into quiescent stage (Vairo et al., 1996). However, h ...
Bactericidal activity of the organo
... and causes a six orders of magnitude decrease in viability in a protein-rich medium, but not in a protein-poorer medium, unless 2-mercaptoethanol is added. Subinhibitory concentrations inhibit motility and biofilm formation. AS101 enters the bacterium through its porins and causes bacterial damage t ...
... and causes a six orders of magnitude decrease in viability in a protein-rich medium, but not in a protein-poorer medium, unless 2-mercaptoethanol is added. Subinhibitory concentrations inhibit motility and biofilm formation. AS101 enters the bacterium through its porins and causes bacterial damage t ...
The Role of Chromosome Domains in Shaping the
... during hematopoiesis (Palstra et al., 2003) and involves binding sites for erythroid-specific transcription factors (Drissen et al., 2004 for example), so enhancer-promoter contacts were proposed to occur exclusively in cells where the target gene is being transcribed. Although many cell-type-specif ...
... during hematopoiesis (Palstra et al., 2003) and involves binding sites for erythroid-specific transcription factors (Drissen et al., 2004 for example), so enhancer-promoter contacts were proposed to occur exclusively in cells where the target gene is being transcribed. Although many cell-type-specif ...
mRNA Transport in Yeast: Time to Reinvestigate the
... and Blobel, 1993; Fabre et al., 1994). Cells bearing an amino-terminal deletion/disruption of NUP145 display successive herniations of the nuclear envelope, leading to the formation of "grape-like" structures (Wente and Blobel, 1 ...
... and Blobel, 1993; Fabre et al., 1994). Cells bearing an amino-terminal deletion/disruption of NUP145 display successive herniations of the nuclear envelope, leading to the formation of "grape-like" structures (Wente and Blobel, 1 ...
The regulation and function of Class III PI3Ks: novel roles for Vps34
... although this seems to be primarily in the plasma membrane. In mammalian cells, the dephosphorylation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 by endosomal PtdIns 5- and 4-phosphatases provides another source of endosomal PtdIns3P [63]. Alternatively, the Type Iα inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase localizes to endosome ...
... although this seems to be primarily in the plasma membrane. In mammalian cells, the dephosphorylation of PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 by endosomal PtdIns 5- and 4-phosphatases provides another source of endosomal PtdIns3P [63]. Alternatively, the Type Iα inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase localizes to endosome ...
From segment to somite: Segmentation to
... set the time at which cells undergo a catastrophe (Cooke and Zeeman, 1976; Zeeman, 1974). This represents a rapid change of state, such as the changes in adhesive and migratory behavior of PSM cells as they form somites. Support for the existence of a segmentation clock came from the discovery that ...
... set the time at which cells undergo a catastrophe (Cooke and Zeeman, 1976; Zeeman, 1974). This represents a rapid change of state, such as the changes in adhesive and migratory behavior of PSM cells as they form somites. Support for the existence of a segmentation clock came from the discovery that ...
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... azole and polyene drugs (Canuto & Rodero, 2002) there is a requirement for new drugs with alternative modes of action or with the ability to increase the efficacy of existing prescription drugs. Many metalbased drugs display modes of action distinct to those of the prescription anti-fungals (Coyle e ...
... azole and polyene drugs (Canuto & Rodero, 2002) there is a requirement for new drugs with alternative modes of action or with the ability to increase the efficacy of existing prescription drugs. Many metalbased drugs display modes of action distinct to those of the prescription anti-fungals (Coyle e ...
Stimulation of Cell Elongation by Tetraploidy in Hypocotyls of Dark
... affects cell size [1, 5]. The first of these proposes that gene expression is proportional to ploidy level. In this case, total metabolic activity would be enhanced in polyploid tissues, and this would lead to an increase in growth rate [1]. Circumstantial support for this hypothesis is provided by ...
... affects cell size [1, 5]. The first of these proposes that gene expression is proportional to ploidy level. In this case, total metabolic activity would be enhanced in polyploid tissues, and this would lead to an increase in growth rate [1]. Circumstantial support for this hypothesis is provided by ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.