Tumor Heterogeneity
... There might seem to be overwhelming evidence for tumor heterogeneity. It is important to recognize, however, that much of the evidence is similar in kind. In the first place, cultured, tumor-derived subpopulations are by definition obtained through isolation; consequently, the finding that they diff ...
... There might seem to be overwhelming evidence for tumor heterogeneity. It is important to recognize, however, that much of the evidence is similar in kind. In the first place, cultured, tumor-derived subpopulations are by definition obtained through isolation; consequently, the finding that they diff ...
Tumor Heterogeneity - Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute
... There might seem to be overwhelming evidence for tumor heterogeneity. It is important to recognize, however, that much of the evidence is similar in kind. In the first place, cultured, tumor-derived subpopulations are by definition obtained through isolation; consequently, the finding that they diff ...
... There might seem to be overwhelming evidence for tumor heterogeneity. It is important to recognize, however, that much of the evidence is similar in kind. In the first place, cultured, tumor-derived subpopulations are by definition obtained through isolation; consequently, the finding that they diff ...
Rab cascades and tethering factors in the endomembrane system
... like tethers and can thus promote vesicle binding and fusion. The Rab-cycle is completed by stimulating the GTPase of the Rab with the help of a GTP-hydrolysis activating protein (GAP), and subsequent binding of Rab-GDP binding to GDI. In sum, GEFs activate Rabs, followed by effector binding and ina ...
... like tethers and can thus promote vesicle binding and fusion. The Rab-cycle is completed by stimulating the GTPase of the Rab with the help of a GTP-hydrolysis activating protein (GAP), and subsequent binding of Rab-GDP binding to GDI. In sum, GEFs activate Rabs, followed by effector binding and ina ...
Commentary in EMBO Journal
... TOR nutrient sensor kinase (Mizushima et al, 2011). Definition of what constitutes canonical versus non-canonical is driven by historical precedent above all else. For the purposes of this discussion, the canonical autophagy pathway is characterized by a complex series of membrane biogenetic steps t ...
... TOR nutrient sensor kinase (Mizushima et al, 2011). Definition of what constitutes canonical versus non-canonical is driven by historical precedent above all else. For the purposes of this discussion, the canonical autophagy pathway is characterized by a complex series of membrane biogenetic steps t ...
Staining Bacteria
... method to stain bacteria so they can be visible in specimen samples. • Differentiate bacteria into two large groups (the Gram Positive and the Gram negative) • Gram status is important in medicine; the presence or absence of a cell wall will change the bacterium's susceptibility to some antibiotics ...
... method to stain bacteria so they can be visible in specimen samples. • Differentiate bacteria into two large groups (the Gram Positive and the Gram negative) • Gram status is important in medicine; the presence or absence of a cell wall will change the bacterium's susceptibility to some antibiotics ...
PDF
... reorients the dendrite of the v’ch1 neuron and tows its cell body dorsally. Cap cell morphogenesis is regulated by Netrin-A, which is produced by epidermal cells at the destination of the cap cell process. In Netrin-A mutant embryos, the cap cell forms an aberrant, ventrally directed process. As the ...
... reorients the dendrite of the v’ch1 neuron and tows its cell body dorsally. Cap cell morphogenesis is regulated by Netrin-A, which is produced by epidermal cells at the destination of the cap cell process. In Netrin-A mutant embryos, the cap cell forms an aberrant, ventrally directed process. As the ...
Expression of the chicken GATA factor family during
... murine and avian erythroid cells. Total RNA isolated from the avian, murine and human cells indicated was analysed by RT-PCR for GATA-1, GATA-2 and GATA-3 expression. As an internal control, reactions contained primers that specifically amplify ribosomal protein gene products (chicken S17, murine S1 ...
... murine and avian erythroid cells. Total RNA isolated from the avian, murine and human cells indicated was analysed by RT-PCR for GATA-1, GATA-2 and GATA-3 expression. As an internal control, reactions contained primers that specifically amplify ribosomal protein gene products (chicken S17, murine S1 ...
Boundary Representation Deformation in Parametric Solid Modeling
... standard for this class [Shapiro and Vossler 1995]. As a result, different modeling systems employ incompatible, ad hoc, and often internally inconsistent semantics for processing parametric models. The lack of formal semantics manifests itself clearly through the socalled “persistent naming” proble ...
... standard for this class [Shapiro and Vossler 1995]. As a result, different modeling systems employ incompatible, ad hoc, and often internally inconsistent semantics for processing parametric models. The lack of formal semantics manifests itself clearly through the socalled “persistent naming” proble ...
The Kip3-Like Kinesin KipB Moves along Microtubules and
... We have characterized KipB as a member of the Kip3 family. The sequence of the kipB gene, localized on chromosome III, was confirmed by sequencing a 4.3-kb SacI restriction fragment obtained from a kipB-carrying cosmid. To determine the intron-exon borders, we amplified a corresponding cDNA by rever ...
... We have characterized KipB as a member of the Kip3 family. The sequence of the kipB gene, localized on chromosome III, was confirmed by sequencing a 4.3-kb SacI restriction fragment obtained from a kipB-carrying cosmid. To determine the intron-exon borders, we amplified a corresponding cDNA by rever ...
Final Draft
... Neurotoxic polypetides that target voltage-gated sodium channels are described only for a few marine species. Sea anemones possess 3-to 5-kDa peptides that bind to Nav channels (Norton, 1991; Homna and Shiomi, 2006). The marine snail Conus purpurasens Sowerby produce μconotoxin PIIIA that specifical ...
... Neurotoxic polypetides that target voltage-gated sodium channels are described only for a few marine species. Sea anemones possess 3-to 5-kDa peptides that bind to Nav channels (Norton, 1991; Homna and Shiomi, 2006). The marine snail Conus purpurasens Sowerby produce μconotoxin PIIIA that specifical ...
Early Cell Cycle Entry and Cell Division Murine Neonatal
... responsiveness to achieve protection from disease and death. Given the restrictions to responsiveness described in the paragraph above, how can this be achieved? In this study, we describe a phenomenon that may partially compensate for the limitations in immune cell function in neonates. Following C ...
... responsiveness to achieve protection from disease and death. Given the restrictions to responsiveness described in the paragraph above, how can this be achieved? In this study, we describe a phenomenon that may partially compensate for the limitations in immune cell function in neonates. Following C ...
Why are bacteria different from eukaryotes? INTERVIE W Open Access Julie A Theriot*
... of the kinetochores must be attached before the next step can proceed [18]. In contrast, bacteria that have multiple chromosomes seem to segregate them by using independent, orthogonal machineries specific for each chromosome [19], and don’t appear to have anything as general or as scalable as a mit ...
... of the kinetochores must be attached before the next step can proceed [18]. In contrast, bacteria that have multiple chromosomes seem to segregate them by using independent, orthogonal machineries specific for each chromosome [19], and don’t appear to have anything as general or as scalable as a mit ...
Original Article Prediction of non-small cell lung cancer metastasis
... (miRNA), it is indicated that post-transcriptional regulation is widely present in organisms. miRNAs are single-strand small-molecule RNAs with 21-24 nucleotides, which are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, embryo development, morphogenesis and disease occurrence during the ...
... (miRNA), it is indicated that post-transcriptional regulation is widely present in organisms. miRNAs are single-strand small-molecule RNAs with 21-24 nucleotides, which are involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, embryo development, morphogenesis and disease occurrence during the ...
Experimental approaches to study plant cell walls during plant
... and lignin (Underwood, 2012), and in some cases metabolites and proteins that can directly inhibit the growth of pathogens (Vorwerk et al., 2004; Haas et al., 2009). The importance of plant cell wall integrity and cell wall-mediated resistance during plant-microbial interaction has been demonstrated ...
... and lignin (Underwood, 2012), and in some cases metabolites and proteins that can directly inhibit the growth of pathogens (Vorwerk et al., 2004; Haas et al., 2009). The importance of plant cell wall integrity and cell wall-mediated resistance during plant-microbial interaction has been demonstrated ...
Primordial germ cells migration: morphological and molecular aspects
... originate outside the embryo very early in development and migrate by a well-defined route into the genital ridges. During early embryogenesis in mammals, the PGCs are observed in an extra-embryonic region near the yolk sac, translocate to the endodermal epithelium of the hindgut as embryogenesis ad ...
... originate outside the embryo very early in development and migrate by a well-defined route into the genital ridges. During early embryogenesis in mammals, the PGCs are observed in an extra-embryonic region near the yolk sac, translocate to the endodermal epithelium of the hindgut as embryogenesis ad ...
The NK2.1 receptor is encoded by Ly-49C and its
... cell-mediated lysis. In the C57BL/6 mouse, the NK1.1 molecule acts as an activation receptor whereas Ly-49A, C and G2 can inhibit NK cell lysis of target cells expressing specific MHC class I molecules. We previously reported that NK2.1 is an activation receptor sharing structural properties with me ...
... cell-mediated lysis. In the C57BL/6 mouse, the NK1.1 molecule acts as an activation receptor whereas Ly-49A, C and G2 can inhibit NK cell lysis of target cells expressing specific MHC class I molecules. We previously reported that NK2.1 is an activation receptor sharing structural properties with me ...
Non-equilibration of hydrostatic pressure in blebbing cells Guillaume T. Charras
... combination of local and global effects, as seen with the F-actindisrupting agents cytochalasin D and latrunculin B (Fig. 3a; see also Supplementary Video 7). Within seconds of local drug application, there was a global increase in bleb size (Fig. 3a, t ¼ 75 s). Then, blebbing ceased in the treated ...
... combination of local and global effects, as seen with the F-actindisrupting agents cytochalasin D and latrunculin B (Fig. 3a; see also Supplementary Video 7). Within seconds of local drug application, there was a global increase in bleb size (Fig. 3a, t ¼ 75 s). Then, blebbing ceased in the treated ...
An Ancient Yeast for Young Geneticists: A Primer on the
... genes identified in a genetic screen. Second, yeasts can maintain autonomous plasmids that reversibly introduce genetic material to modify the behavior of a strain. This facilitates gene cloning by allowing one to screen plasmids carrying different DNA fragments for those that confer a desired effect ...
... genes identified in a genetic screen. Second, yeasts can maintain autonomous plasmids that reversibly introduce genetic material to modify the behavior of a strain. This facilitates gene cloning by allowing one to screen plasmids carrying different DNA fragments for those that confer a desired effect ...
Dynamics of small genetic circuits subject to stochastic partitioning
... Potapov et al., 2011). A well-studied Toggle Switch is the “λswitch”, a decision circuit of the λ phage (Arkin et al., 1998), which determines whether an infecting phage will lyse the cell or, instead, integrate itself into the bacterial genome, forming a lysogen. The lytic cycle can be activated in ...
... Potapov et al., 2011). A well-studied Toggle Switch is the “λswitch”, a decision circuit of the λ phage (Arkin et al., 1998), which determines whether an infecting phage will lyse the cell or, instead, integrate itself into the bacterial genome, forming a lysogen. The lytic cycle can be activated in ...
- de Duve Institute
... The aim of our research is to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying a variety of disorders of the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, as well as certain cancers. We are especially interested in evaluating the contribution of genetic variation to human disease. The bases of many disorders r ...
... The aim of our research is to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying a variety of disorders of the cardiovascular and skeletal systems, as well as certain cancers. We are especially interested in evaluating the contribution of genetic variation to human disease. The bases of many disorders r ...
PDF + SI - Journal of Cell Science
... aiding dimerisation and induction of membrane curvature, we constructed a model of the protein. The T. brucei Vps5 sequence was used to search for homologous protein structures in the Protein Data Bank. The phosphoinositide-binding PX and the BAR domains of human SNX9 (Pylypenko et al., 2007), ident ...
... aiding dimerisation and induction of membrane curvature, we constructed a model of the protein. The T. brucei Vps5 sequence was used to search for homologous protein structures in the Protein Data Bank. The phosphoinositide-binding PX and the BAR domains of human SNX9 (Pylypenko et al., 2007), ident ...
The Vacuolar Proton-Cation Exchanger EcNHX1
... wall-localized proteins, and other defense constituents (Tsunezuka et al., 2005; Truman et al., 2007). This complexity is based on widely ramified signal cascades that use ubiquitous intermediates such as jasmonates (Blechert et al., 1995; Memelink et al., 2001), calcium ions, and salicylates and are ...
... wall-localized proteins, and other defense constituents (Tsunezuka et al., 2005; Truman et al., 2007). This complexity is based on widely ramified signal cascades that use ubiquitous intermediates such as jasmonates (Blechert et al., 1995; Memelink et al., 2001), calcium ions, and salicylates and are ...
Encontro de Jovens Investigadores de Biologia Computacional
... preliminary quantification of the length of cell cycle phases in single cells by live-cell imaging showed high variability in the dynamics of cell cycle phases amongst different cell types. An exception was seen in mitosis, where different cells seem to maintain a short and constant length of time t ...
... preliminary quantification of the length of cell cycle phases in single cells by live-cell imaging showed high variability in the dynamics of cell cycle phases amongst different cell types. An exception was seen in mitosis, where different cells seem to maintain a short and constant length of time t ...
Peeping in on the cytoskeleton: light microscopy
... Widefield fluorescence microscopy has been used successfully to image both the actin and MT cytoskeletons (Figure 1). In this mode, full-field illumination is used with all the emission light collected by the objective being sent to the detector. This remains a powerful imaging strategy, especially ...
... Widefield fluorescence microscopy has been used successfully to image both the actin and MT cytoskeletons (Figure 1). In this mode, full-field illumination is used with all the emission light collected by the objective being sent to the detector. This remains a powerful imaging strategy, especially ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.