Rb is required for progression through myogenic differentiation but
... muscle–specific expression of the MCK-Cre transgene was tested by crossing MCK-Cre mice with the R26R3 Cre– inducible LacZ reporter line of mice. Single fibers isolated from R26R3:MCK-Cre mice displayed robust X-Gal staining, confirming the proper expression of the MCK-Cre transgene (Fig. 3 H). To q ...
... muscle–specific expression of the MCK-Cre transgene was tested by crossing MCK-Cre mice with the R26R3 Cre– inducible LacZ reporter line of mice. Single fibers isolated from R26R3:MCK-Cre mice displayed robust X-Gal staining, confirming the proper expression of the MCK-Cre transgene (Fig. 3 H). To q ...
in pdf format
... has large economic impacts in the horse industry (1, 2). In general, there are two groups of mares: those that are capable of clearing bacteria that contaminate the uterus following parturition or intrauterine manipulation; and those that are prone to infection, usually older or barren mares with a ...
... has large economic impacts in the horse industry (1, 2). In general, there are two groups of mares: those that are capable of clearing bacteria that contaminate the uterus following parturition or intrauterine manipulation; and those that are prone to infection, usually older or barren mares with a ...
Oriented cell motility and division underlie early limb bud
... embryos (Hadjantonakis and Papaioannou, 2004) were used because localisation of the H2B-GFP fusion reporter to chromatin facilitates the visualisation of nuclei during all phases of the cell cycle, such that cells can be segmented and individually tracked in four dimensions (three-dimensional time-l ...
... embryos (Hadjantonakis and Papaioannou, 2004) were used because localisation of the H2B-GFP fusion reporter to chromatin facilitates the visualisation of nuclei during all phases of the cell cycle, such that cells can be segmented and individually tracked in four dimensions (three-dimensional time-l ...
Fungi
... • Many fungi can reproduce asexually • Many fungi that can reproduce asexually – Grow as mold, sometimes on fruit, bread, and other foods ...
... • Many fungi can reproduce asexually • Many fungi that can reproduce asexually – Grow as mold, sometimes on fruit, bread, and other foods ...
The Molecular Basis of the Evolution and Diversity of Stomatal
... opposite the site of the most recent asymmetric division, which appears to be BASL’s main site of activity (Dong et al., 2009) (Figure 3). The ectopic overexpression of BASL confers abnormal cell polarization. Interestingly, the loss of asymmetry in a basl mutant resulted in adoption of the stomatal ...
... opposite the site of the most recent asymmetric division, which appears to be BASL’s main site of activity (Dong et al., 2009) (Figure 3). The ectopic overexpression of BASL confers abnormal cell polarization. Interestingly, the loss of asymmetry in a basl mutant resulted in adoption of the stomatal ...
- Wiley Online Library
... Rab23 sequence is the exceptional length of the C-terminal tail, which is significantly longer than that of other Rab members. This hypervariable C-terminal domain of Rab proteins is thought to be a targeting signal crucial for specific membrane association (Chavrier et al., 1991). Sequence comparison ...
... Rab23 sequence is the exceptional length of the C-terminal tail, which is significantly longer than that of other Rab members. This hypervariable C-terminal domain of Rab proteins is thought to be a targeting signal crucial for specific membrane association (Chavrier et al., 1991). Sequence comparison ...
- Wiley Online Library
... The nucleosome is the structural unit of chromatin in eukaryotes, and represents an approximately 147 bp fragment of DNA that is wrapped in 1.7 turns around a protein octamer of highly conserved core histones: H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. The binding of linker histone H1 to DNA entry/exit points of nucleoso ...
... The nucleosome is the structural unit of chromatin in eukaryotes, and represents an approximately 147 bp fragment of DNA that is wrapped in 1.7 turns around a protein octamer of highly conserved core histones: H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. The binding of linker histone H1 to DNA entry/exit points of nucleoso ...
Starfish ApDOCK protein essentially functions in larval
... large oil-droplet and engulfment of micro-beads in ApDOCK loss-of-function larvae Next, we examined mesenchyme cell dynamics with regard to multinucleated cell formation and phagocytosis in 4-day-old ApDOCK loss-of-function larvae within 2 h of injecting an oil-droplet or micro-beads. As we wished t ...
... large oil-droplet and engulfment of micro-beads in ApDOCK loss-of-function larvae Next, we examined mesenchyme cell dynamics with regard to multinucleated cell formation and phagocytosis in 4-day-old ApDOCK loss-of-function larvae within 2 h of injecting an oil-droplet or micro-beads. As we wished t ...
appearance and function of endogenous peroxidase in fetal rat thyroid
... opment, most of the cells are clustered together in groups, although follicles have not yet formed . By electron microscopy, peroxidase activity is still not evident within the cells of thyroids removed from embryos during the 17th day of gestation (Fig . 5) . The cells lie clustered together and ar ...
... opment, most of the cells are clustered together in groups, although follicles have not yet formed . By electron microscopy, peroxidase activity is still not evident within the cells of thyroids removed from embryos during the 17th day of gestation (Fig . 5) . The cells lie clustered together and ar ...
Role of cholesterol in SNARE-mediated trafficking on intracellular
... Hulce and co-workers identified over 250 cholesterol-binding proteins, including several SNARE proteins (Hulce et al., 2013). More than 60 SNAREs have been identified from yeast and mammals, and they are known to be crucial components of protein complexes that drive membrane fusion in secretory and ...
... Hulce and co-workers identified over 250 cholesterol-binding proteins, including several SNARE proteins (Hulce et al., 2013). More than 60 SNAREs have been identified from yeast and mammals, and they are known to be crucial components of protein complexes that drive membrane fusion in secretory and ...
University of Groningen Bacillus subtilis at near
... heterogeneous (Cozy and Kearns, 2010). The benefits of the chain formation under (near-)zero growth conditions are not clear. In respect to the encountered caloric restriction it seems sensible to reduce energy expenditures, as is reflected in general in the expression levels of genes involved with ...
... heterogeneous (Cozy and Kearns, 2010). The benefits of the chain formation under (near-)zero growth conditions are not clear. In respect to the encountered caloric restriction it seems sensible to reduce energy expenditures, as is reflected in general in the expression levels of genes involved with ...
Comparison of the Leukocyte differentiation
... have characteristic large granules. Monocytes make up 3% to 6% of all leukocytes, phagocytose foreign bodies, mainly become macrophages, and mostly have segmented nuclei. Lymphocytes play a central role in immunity, make up 40% of all leukocytes, have a large nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, and are main ...
... have characteristic large granules. Monocytes make up 3% to 6% of all leukocytes, phagocytose foreign bodies, mainly become macrophages, and mostly have segmented nuclei. Lymphocytes play a central role in immunity, make up 40% of all leukocytes, have a large nucleus to cytoplasm ratio, and are main ...
Cell Communication and Signaling
... extracellular matrix (ECM) protein and bridging factor to the integrin receptors [15,17-19]. INT-407 intestinal epithelial cells infected with C. jejuni exhibited membrane ruffling associated with bacterial entry [20]. Maximal adherence and invasion of INT-407 cells requires CadF and is accompanied ...
... extracellular matrix (ECM) protein and bridging factor to the integrin receptors [15,17-19]. INT-407 intestinal epithelial cells infected with C. jejuni exhibited membrane ruffling associated with bacterial entry [20]. Maximal adherence and invasion of INT-407 cells requires CadF and is accompanied ...
Salicylic Acid Regulates Plasmodesmata Closure
... Sevilem et al., 2013). As PDs are initially formed during cell division, virtually all cells are born with plasmodesmal connections with their sister cells by default. However, these primary PD connections are not permanently set for the rest of a cell’s life. Rather, they undergo various types of s ...
... Sevilem et al., 2013). As PDs are initially formed during cell division, virtually all cells are born with plasmodesmal connections with their sister cells by default. However, these primary PD connections are not permanently set for the rest of a cell’s life. Rather, they undergo various types of s ...
Lesson Overview - Diman Regional
... cannot pass through the cell membrane of their target cells. Nonsteroid hormones bind to receptors in a target cell and cause the release of secondary messengers that affect cell activities. ...
... cannot pass through the cell membrane of their target cells. Nonsteroid hormones bind to receptors in a target cell and cause the release of secondary messengers that affect cell activities. ...
MORPHOLOGICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF
... 3) appearance (size, pigmentation, etc.), 4) spontaneous postsynaptic potential (PSP) pattern, 5) pathway of the efferent axon, 6) synaptic response to orthodromic stimulation, 7) depolarizing (D) or hyperpolarizing (H) response to iontophoretic application of acetylcholine, and 8) connections with ...
... 3) appearance (size, pigmentation, etc.), 4) spontaneous postsynaptic potential (PSP) pattern, 5) pathway of the efferent axon, 6) synaptic response to orthodromic stimulation, 7) depolarizing (D) or hyperpolarizing (H) response to iontophoretic application of acetylcholine, and 8) connections with ...
PDF - BMC Biotechnology
... cells, since many stress responsive processes depend on ATP availability [20]. Some of the inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic material appear to decrease the specific sugar uptake rate and the specific ethanol production rate [21,5], both of which are highly correlated with ATP production. Aden ...
... cells, since many stress responsive processes depend on ATP availability [20]. Some of the inhibitory compounds in lignocellulosic material appear to decrease the specific sugar uptake rate and the specific ethanol production rate [21,5], both of which are highly correlated with ATP production. Aden ...
Viability and Cytotoxicity Assay Kits for Diverse Cell Types
... To facilitate use of our unique cell viability and cytotoxicity assay technology, Molecular Probes has developed several important products (Molecular Probes' assay kits for cell viability, cell counting and bacterial gram staining - Table 15.2) that combine fluorescent reagents to yield, in most ca ...
... To facilitate use of our unique cell viability and cytotoxicity assay technology, Molecular Probes has developed several important products (Molecular Probes' assay kits for cell viability, cell counting and bacterial gram staining - Table 15.2) that combine fluorescent reagents to yield, in most ca ...
Phloem imaging - Oxford Academic
... complete sieve plates are present in a single sample is relatively high. A potential limitation, however, is that pore sizes may be slightly over-estimated because of the missing protoplast. Nevertheless, this method has the highest potential for obtaining large data sets of sieve plate anatomy to d ...
... complete sieve plates are present in a single sample is relatively high. A potential limitation, however, is that pore sizes may be slightly over-estimated because of the missing protoplast. Nevertheless, this method has the highest potential for obtaining large data sets of sieve plate anatomy to d ...
Manuscrit en préparation (soumission prévue à Int - HAL
... response to doxorubicin would lead to a higher activity of the drug. Among PUFAs studied, DHA was the most potent to enhance the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin [9]. In vivo and in vitro studies on the influence of DHA supplementation have reported higher peroxidation and oxidative stress, as demons ...
... response to doxorubicin would lead to a higher activity of the drug. Among PUFAs studied, DHA was the most potent to enhance the cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin [9]. In vivo and in vitro studies on the influence of DHA supplementation have reported higher peroxidation and oxidative stress, as demons ...
The ABCs of plasmid replication and segregation
... downstream of repA (see the figure, part a). This oriR1 site contains binding sites for RepA flanked by a DnaA box at one end and three AT‑rich repeats at the other (see the figure, part b). DnaA is not essential for replication of this plasmid, but seems to have an accessory role. DNA loop formatio ...
... downstream of repA (see the figure, part a). This oriR1 site contains binding sites for RepA flanked by a DnaA box at one end and three AT‑rich repeats at the other (see the figure, part b). DnaA is not essential for replication of this plasmid, but seems to have an accessory role. DNA loop formatio ...
Roles of ion channels and transporters in guard cell signal
... blue light-induced proton pumping and ATP hydrolysis, and loss of 14-3-3-protein binding, confirming a sequence of events starting at perception of blue light by PHOT1 PHOT2 receptors leading to 14-3-3 binding, H+-ATPase activation, H+ extrusion and stomatal opening [3,12]. In addition, the cryptochr ...
... blue light-induced proton pumping and ATP hydrolysis, and loss of 14-3-3-protein binding, confirming a sequence of events starting at perception of blue light by PHOT1 PHOT2 receptors leading to 14-3-3 binding, H+-ATPase activation, H+ extrusion and stomatal opening [3,12]. In addition, the cryptochr ...
Full Text - Global Science Books
... The primary root meristem is formed during embryogenesis and supports the first growth of the seedling into the soil. However, the continuous growth of the above-ground plant parts imposes the establishment of an elaborate root system in order to mine for additional water and nutrients. This can onl ...
... The primary root meristem is formed during embryogenesis and supports the first growth of the seedling into the soil. However, the continuous growth of the above-ground plant parts imposes the establishment of an elaborate root system in order to mine for additional water and nutrients. This can onl ...
Cell cycle
The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication (replication) that produces two daughter cells. In prokaryotes which lack a cell nucleus, the cell cycle occurs via a process termed binary fission. In cells with a nucleus, as in eukaryotes, the cell cycle can be divided into three periods: interphase, the mitotic (M) phase, and cytokinesis. During interphase, the cell grows, accumulating nutrients needed for mitosis, preparing it for cell division and duplicating its DNA. During the mitotic phase, the cell splits itself into two distinct daughter cells. During the final stage, cytokinesis, the new cell is completely divided. To ensure the proper division of the cell, there are control mechanisms known as cell cycle checkpoints.The cell-division cycle is a vital process by which a single-celled fertilized egg develops into a mature organism, as well as the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. After cell division, each of the daughter cells begin the interphase of a new cycle. Although the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for initiation of cell division.